Lab
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Vohn Archie EdjanLab
Uploaded by
Vohn Archie Edjan
Discuss the different sections of the laboratory and
tests done in each section.
Compare & contrast the different types of clinical
laboratory and give examples of each
Discuss the laboratory cycle testing and the role of
medical technologist on each cycle
Present a sample floor plan of a clinical laboratory
o examination of materials derived from the
human body (such as fluids, tissues, or
cells) for the purpose of providing
information on diagnosis, prognosis,
prevention, or treatment of disease.
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/clinical+laboratory
According to function (Clinical Pathology;
Anatomic Pathology)
According to institutional character (
hospital-based; non-hospital-based )
According to service capability (primary,
secondary, tertiary)
Clinical pathology
Focuses on the areas of clinical chemistry,
immunohematology & blood banking. Medical
microbiology, immunology & serology, hematology,
parasitology, clinical microscopy, toxicology,
therapeutic drug monitoring, & endocrinology
among others
Concerned with the diagnosis & treatment through
laboratory testing of blood & other body fluids
Anatomic Pathology
A clinical laboratory that focuses on the
areas of histopathology,
immunohistopathology, cytology, autopsy, &
forensic pathology among others
Concerned with the diagnosis of diseases
through microscopic examination of tissues
& organs
According to ownership (government; private)
According to function ( clinical pathology; anatomic
pathology)
Institutional character (institution-based;
freestanding)
According to service capability (primary; secondary;
tertiary)
Institution-based
A clinical laboratory that operates within the
premises or part of an institution such as
hospital, school, medical clinic, medical
facility for overseas workers & seafarers,
birthing homes, psychiatric facility, drug
rehabilitation center
Free-standing
A clinical laboratory which is NOT part of an
established institution like a free standing
out patient clinical laboratory
Primary category
Licensed to perform basic & routine lab
testing like routine hematology, routine
stool exam, routine urinalysis, etc
Floor area requirement: 10 square m
Secondary category ( hospital & non-hospital based)
Tests done of primary + routine clin chem
Floor area requirement: 20 meter
Tertiary category
Licensed to perform all lab tests performed in secondary
lab tests + immunology + microbiology + special CC +
special hema + immunhematology
Floor area requirement: 60 square meter
Limited service capability ( institution-based)
(dialysis centers, social hygiene clinics)
Special clinical laboratories ( assisted
reproduction technology laboratory;
molecular & cellular technology; molecular
biology; molecular pathology, forensic
pathology, & anatomic pathology)
Designated by DOH to provide special functions and services
as:
Confirmatory testing
Surveillance
Resolution of conflicts
Training and research
Evaluation of kits and reagents
External quality assessment program
RITM (Research Institute for Tropical
Medicine)
NRL for dengue, influenza, TB & other
mycobacteria, malaria & other parasites,
bacterial enteric diseases, measles & other
exanthems, mycology, enteroviruses,
antimicrobial resistance, & emerging
disease
NRL for confirmatory testing of blood
donors & blood units
EAMC (East Avenue Medical Center)
NRL for environment & Occupational Health;
Toxicology and Micronutrient Assay
NKTI (National Kidney and Transplant
Institute)
NRL for Hematology,
Immunohematology and
Immunopathology
SACCL ( STD/AIDS Cooperative Central
laboratory )- San Larazo Hospital
NRL for HIV/AIDS, hepatitis, & other sexually
transmitted infections
LCP ( Lung Center of the Philippines)
NRL for Anatomic Pathology and
Biochemistry
Any testing sites that perform
laboratory examinations under the
administrative control of a licensed
laboratory but outside the physical
confines of the laboratory
A laboratory testing unit that moves from one testing site to
another testing site or has a temporary testing location and
a “base laboratory”
Shall be licensed as part of the main clinical laboratory and
is permitted to collect specimens only
Shall be allowed to operate only within a 100-km radius
from its main laboratory
The clinical laboratory law
Approved: June 18, 1966
Regulates the operation, maintenance and
registration of clinical laboratories in the
Philippines
RULES AND REGULATION GOVERNING THE
ESTABLISHMENT, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF
CLINICAL LABORATORIES IN THE PHILIPPINES
Approved : November 19, 2001
Section 5 Classification of Laboratories
5.1. Classification by Function
5.1.1. Clinical Pathology – includes Hematology,
Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology, Parasitology, Mycology,
Clinical Microscopy, Immunology and Serology,
Immunohematology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Drug
Monitoring and other similar disciplines.
5.1.2. Anatomic pathology – includes Surgical
Pathology, Immunohistopathology, Cytology, Autopsy and
Forensic Pathology.
5. 2. Classification by Institutional Character
5.2.1. Hospital–based laboratory – a
laboratory that operates within a hospital.
5.2.2. Non–hospital–based laboratory – a
laboratory that operates on its own.
5.3 Classification by Service Capability
5.3.1 Primary – provides the minimum service capabilities
such as:
5.3.1.1. Routine Hematology (Complete Blood Count or CBC) –
includes Hemoglobin Mass Concentration, Erythrocyte Volume
Fraction (Hematocrit), Leucocyte Number Concentration (WBC
count) and Leucocyte Type Number Fraction (Differential Count),
Qualitative Platelet Determination
5.3.1.2. Routine Urinalysis
5.3.1.3. Routine Fecalysis
5.3.1.4. Blood typing – hospital based
5.3.1.5. Quantitative platelet determination – hospital based
5.3.2. Secondary – provides the minimum service
capabilities of a primary category and the following:
5.3.2.1 Routine Clinical Chemistry – includes Blood
Glucose Substance Concentration, Blood Urea Nitrogen
Concentration, Blood Uric Acid Substance Concentration,
Blood Creatinine Concentration, Blood Total Cholesterol
Concentration
5.3.2.1. Cross matching
5.3.3. Tertiary – provides the secondary service
capabilities and the following:
5.3.3.1. Special Chemistry
5.3.3.2. Special Hematology
5.3.3.3. Immunology/Serology
5.3.3.4. Microbiology
4. The working space for all categories of clinical
laboratories (both hospital and non–hospital based) shall have
at least the following measurements:
Category space in sq.m.
Primary 10
Secondary 20
Tertiary 60
III. EQUIPMENT/INSTRUMENTS
1. There shall be provisions for sufficient number and
types of appropriate equipment/instruments in order to
undertake all the activities and laboratory examinations. This
equipment shall comply with safety requirements.
Primary category Secondary category Tertiary category
Clinical centrifuge All those in primary All those in secondary
category plus the category plus the
following: following:
Microhematocrit Refrigerator Balance, triple/analytical
centrifuge
Microscope w/ oil Photometer or its Rotator
immersion objective equivalent
Hemoglobinometer or its Timer or its equivalent Serofuge or its equivalent
equivalent
Differential blood counter Autoclave
or its equivalent
Drying oven
Biosafety cabinet or its
equivalent
A clinical laboratory is made up of different sections
cohesively & comprehensively performing different activities
& procedures for each specimen collected from patients to
produce reliable test results.
At the forefront of these activities are the clinical laboratory
personnel headed by the pathologists