Condom
- The male condom is a barrier contraceptive made of latex or polyurethane.
- The condom must be fitted over the erect penis.
- The condom is sold over-the-counter and when used properly is an
inexpensive, effective barrier to pregnancy and sexually-transmitted disease.
Condom
- A condom is a thin latex or polyurethane sheath. The male condom is
placed around the erect penis. The female condom is placed inside the
vagina before intercourse.
- A condom must be worn at all times during intercourse to prevent
pregnancy.
- Condoms can be bought in most drug and grocery stores. Some family
planning clinics offer free condoms. You do not need a prescription to get
condoms.
Female Condom
- The female condom is a lubricated polyurethane sheath, similar in
appearance to a male condom. It is inserted into the vagina. The
closed end covers the cervix. Like the male condom, it is intended for
one-time use and then discarded.
Cervical Cap
- The cervical cap is made of soft rubber and is designed to fit
completely over the cervix. Spermicide is placed on the outer rim of
the cap and in the portion of the cap facing the vagina. The cervical
cap prevents pregnancy by blocking the sperm from entering the
uterus.
- - A similar, smaller device is called a cervical cap.
- - Risks include irritation and allergic reactions to the diaphragm or
spermicide, and increased frequency of urinary tract infection and
vaginal yeast infection.
- - In rare cases, toxic shock syndrome may develop in women who
leave the diaphragm in too long.
Diaphragm
- The diaphragm is available by prescription only and must be fitted by a
physician.
- Once the diaphragm is fitted, a woman can
- A diaphragm is a flexible rubber cup that is filled with spermicidal cream or
jelly.
- It is placed into the vagina over the cervix before intercourse, to prevent
sperm from reaching the uterus.
- It should be left in place for 6 to 8 hours after intercourse.
- Diaphragms must be prescribed by a woman’s health care provider. The
provider will determine the correct type and size of diaphragm for the
woman.
- About 5 to 20 pregnancies occur over 1 year in 100 women using this
method, depending on proper use.
- Vaginal contraceptive sponges are soft, and contain a chemical that kills or
“disables” sperm.
- The sponge is moistened and inserted into the vagina, to cover over the
cervix before intercourse.
- The vaginal sponge can be bought at your pharmacy without a prescription.
I.U.D
- The IUD is a small plastic or copper device placed inside the woman’s
uterus by her health care provider. Some IUDs release small amounts of
progestin. IUDs may be left in place for 5 to 10 years, depending on the
device used.
- IUDs can be placed at almost any time.
- IUDs are safe and work well. Fewer than 1 out of 100 women per year will
get pregnant using an IUD.
- Vasectomy involves severing the vas deferens, the tubes that carry sperm
into a man’s ejaculate, thereby making him infertile.
- The procedure takes less than 30 minutes and is usually done in a doctor’s
office and local anesthetic is given to help make the procedure less painful.
VASECTOMY
Procedure:
- Out patient surgery performed at a medical centre
- Local anesthesia used to numb area
- Vas deferens tubes are blocked, to prevent sperm from traveling out of the
body
- Recovery time ranges from 1 day to less than a week
- Effective after 10-20 post-vasectomy ejaculations and semen analysis
Types of procedure:
In most procedures the surgeon will make small incisions in the skin of the
scrotum, cut the vas deferens and a small part may be removed. They are
either sealed or left open-ended.
Tubal Ligation
- is a surgical procedure whereby a woman’s fallopian tubes are cut,
clamped, blocked or tied to prevent her eggs from traveling down to her
uterus.
- It also blocks the sperm from traveling along the tube to meet the egg.
- In some cases, a woman may choose to have a hysterectomy.
- This is when the entire uterus (and possibly the fallopian tubes, ovaries
and/or cervix) is removed. Unlike a tubal ligation, a hysterectomy is not
reversible.
