0% found this document useful (0 votes)
14 views22 pages

R Notes

Uploaded by

Maya Joshi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
14 views22 pages

R Notes

Uploaded by

Maya Joshi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

Uoit1

)Vaiables
a) Comuts

-Vaiatles au ueo to

otleu Prgramuf laguage


Coatiow
to ueud
dala
Aat caw Shose ny

Can be deuoteo tee

ya2 <- ytwadAqumed


Vaa 3
VaatU)
phint (va3)

(ommuds:

ouL a you Co do's


lommout ae a way to fmprouwe

and
ety meant

oe
bsadabiliy

awallabl

mment
R
Guy singl-
bu -we
line Conmats
Can ayo ude

qusl

) Kyuooody

loenust

Hh.a
name et.

ue
Rekued coods o
R
elae while
supal for
baal TRUE.
me

NULL
NaN NA
FAlSE

nce NA-seal NA Complen| NA dhe


NA

:
TRUE/ FA LSE au used as boolean corstants

NaN : Not a Nnb valu

Undokhed
aalue
NULL:
valus

Vret andl bocak? Contop Salut ano

NA minig walue (Nof Avalabe )


NA

NA-inige-

S.
Aata that Cau be Stoned Hhatiabl,

uiCan

var <- 30

(as faw(ss);
haw fat the

1 e3lbqcal
Numeti
chuanala
(
(sy61:) bue')

)
/"a',"s,'c uttiod,

(atbi)
2L, 42L
2L,
ohe' deelais
aRe callad numic ia R
valuto
deimal

valle

prisd ( clas ())


pid (bieg) vatabl
"mumeie
"doublo"

Nota (p& hardeapy )


Umiti 2 ieD R at

Stnctenc

etuy
Mednix

al the element ne
Dat bram
khan (onponet in ectns

Jength knthon Do af elehect incacta

Ueut element
the
Htomi Ue tes

Checte a
Heo to
Enct'on

(alo
(x)
(dength
Jenyta()
Aom(X))
hean( ) tetLnsthe
Ötekens
Aoye

of elemoe
meancx):

elemods a vety
becobig

the

its
Sta

hystoy 1912 - 99

o00
Stadle

y.0.0latd
Us toh

and Dat UycUalgata


Stutstial Conpetig

hos been adattrl gn the fieldl af

Data mini iontametiys and a hater

obert bente man. at the Uniert


awl<land, Pw Zenland. jn 1919
ya Daty aralpi
Handand tal

ee
thung

wondetl tool tan statiahiaf


Rin q

atyas, Uigualig ation


andPod
an

hacteal Delelatisnat and ónd aifoio


gntea

Awihich oi ins to Do Data ahars

Shing 3
Bio Conducta

(etom fayt Caleutato,


thragh R
Pefanm
On
Daty
Uectus anay , Dat am qnd athe,

which Btans

belome.

the

R w (on

thoe

Comonita
+-ales ke Dac analys, Busih esy

mog
analsts

l
basd

Be abs

dinided uto

<sdio
i9aplote
maiulh
( dath framy

ouuiste mast dns


R and

uelude uth,sak, datues, raglts Adutu,


Coptle y &pls,
9id methodi, tool, aallal,
Vteltk Stak y

Add on facags
ueudons
Syutaz ginilau tos,

(Nanig) bu
nta ,b; C ut
Ctt

(Add- on packa e

Landtatous o R

) (eaunia tuue and Gunpleniy

(ueh as data
: R's

Krams, metot
and
ymdaa and

dat sthueluces
Autqu

stash'a oT data Sune.


0

Patomaueci maku it cluwu


slil
Rú an tnteprted lanquape, Gtt
C or

tha tongiled anguaoVt

datauet and
eated duing data analyts

Conswme
amout wny, olually
to
4)Šyetan:
(au be td'asyn Csate aud may
Ro Syntax
Unintihe to s u areutomd to moe mainstua

inktad O.
sfwae
eualst 2 viualiaf
dlata
paimaily Ri danjned tor

Gonyaktbily

aw Bomehim belane ditly


R Code

be d
Can

data prag
dataseh
wt age

; to deal

data.tabl bnnory
R cit
dalaseth, intyratiny
but tor makiae
ata Stmelus
R

Calegoveal
data. tluy

fenALE
keTRUE"

0s -Jesls.
R fato'a oed to sn cate unical potg

o uat acfod , you necol to wse tu Calla

Labe

MHale! ) lacel-ala

yalue,

ale Nale fenale Kale


C1) Hale femae
loves (fuc)

touels (shudeuts)
Go f

iet
tuhich ae agaiated
Inteqee Shned
theo Un Set
male ih it. g4 (ontoiAdondand
ay Jevele
fenale ale lanuon

ande
deesin albaleal

(c(mali', "male', funale" "ale, feal' ),


Pae <- fastor

"male' fnnk"))

3 le
fena
male Penae male
(1] malk
male fenale

male

3
waluso Comespondu
he
label
we shal
(3
dala
two- dimewh'oua

qows and cals


matices a tün

data sutes

Matix R

To cnt cu malin

tallel matmi ()
7 Teapunt to tuis walinl ) te
au 3el

ok
-> you haue to poM how many munbeL

matln
a-w?se odey.
Not

matni' (data , ,
nnow,mol bao, ainname)

Paraates yoy oa! to eut


G datn - Valueg

hcol
dimnames

Az maaix

jouwnamts(^)

Golnemes
c(eS,

(n)
6,?, 8, 19),

c"a,"b,
c('e", "a
'
now r3,

"e)
")
necl < 3, bynou uy

Print (A)
The 3X3 malhin :
23
S
C

lsuets
dquare

Yow
wth Cona
bhacket

Vae
(mmar ued to
used t
Aeess lmy
Cattt 3X3 matuin :ln')
point (A )
Paint ( [i:2
mae

Use mamw (x)to get ta ma

none ta obiat.
mes (9) < veetr to aim naumss to

mane t walue NULL


to Almae the cojces

Gel nane
nmelx)
et mane
mamol) () valye
veetor
luptha
of up fo

x,o
tlu a

NOLL

a vectoy
t Caat
ve < c(i0, 30,s0,To,90)

tt 3et name to Neeor


(ve) < c('a,'by'e,'a','e')
names (vee)

Get name
name d eetor

names (v
A Romae uctor

nameo (vee
(vee ) NULL

i<- ist R,Sawn','pyo)


('spat',
et
namds ( ui)
name
<-
to th

c/ A', 'As' ,'Ac' ,


'D')

mameo ()
Ha ati foame
Chage mamesf

t) <-c('h', '8,,b.'t)

Set Name o Vetor s

naw
rhe and
veotoy Psiated
does haue

leael ettr
to cual

print (we )

mans (nee) b
i
Kswoue velor Naw

Aemow u Name

mameo e) & NULL

sata

om otee owees
into R
able to ad
heed data

to be able to butnut dat


3 s ew adio deinable
be alad by'ofea
can
Dommat that

apiatews.

dala

uto R

4)
fuad csv()

) ad hines C) wed

for swading

Sau weninacey

Unseaiali' ol)
)Nol
dat s

to tert 'lo ie.Csv)

dato u a talle-lilke
hat storee
termat n cael

, ommas
he data

npot data
ued fo imput
and
onmanly
buauss. thy
apnlahows most diadhat
buhusw
by most
by
and Can be oned
out
fucludiny

V.csv)
line by lne
wxhing olaaty dati
Conehou

dunp ()
tued euhutting

gaue ) ta biñay
fomat tó a futo

You might also like