WORKSHEET TOPIC: Carboxylic Acid
1 Ethanol, C2H6O, was reacted with propanoic acid, C3H6O2, in the presence of
concentrated sulfuric acid. Which statement about the organic product of this reaction is
correct?
A It has the formula C5H10O2.
B It has the formula C5H12O3.
C It is formed by an addition reaction.
D It is propyl ethanoate.
2 Which statement about ethanoic acid is correct?
A Ethanoic acid can be made by the catalysed addition of steam to ethene.
B Propanoic acid can react with ethanoic acid to produce an ester.
3 3
C Solutions of 1.0 mol / dm ethanoic acid and 1.0 mol / dm hydrochloric acid will
react with magnesium at equal rates.
D The formula of ethanoic acid is CH3CO2H.
3 Two esters have the same molecular formula, C3H6O2. What are the names of these two
esters?
1 methyl ethanoate
2 ethyl propanoate
3 ethyl methanoate
4 propyl methanoate
A 11 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4
4 Which statement is correct?
O
A
Carboxylic acids contain the functional group C .
H
B
Ethanoic acid will react and fizz when copper is added.
C
Ethanol will decolourise acidified potassium manganate(VII).
O H
D
The structure of ethyl ethanoate is H C O C H.
H
5. The diagram shows the structure of an organic acid.
H H O
H C C C
H H O H
Which row is correct?
reacts with aqueous
name of acid sodium carbonate to
produce carbon dioxide
A butanoic acid no
B butanoic acid yes
C propanoic acid no
D propanoic acid yes
6. A compound has the following structure.
H O
H C C C O H
Which reactions will occur with this compound?
1 Bromine water will decolourise.
2 It will react with an alcohol to form an ester.
3 It will react with sodium metal.
A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 1, 2 and 3 D 2 and 3 only
7. When ethanol reacts with ethanoic acid, the ester ethyl ethanoate is formed.
C2H5OH + CH3CO2H → CH3CO2C2H5 + H2O
What is the formula of the ester formed when methanol reacts with butanoic acid,
C3H7CO2H?
A C2H5O2C2H5
B C3H7CO2C2H5
C CH3CO2C3H7
D C3H7CO2CH3
8 The diagram shows the structure of an ester.
CH3CH2CH2 C
O CH2CH2CH3
What are the starting materials for making this compound?
A butanol and butanoic acid
B butanol and propanoic acid
C propanol and butanoic acid
D propanol and propanoic acid
9 The solubility of the carboxylic acids in water decreases as the size of the carboxylic acid
molecules increases. Which carboxylic acid is the least soluble in water?
A butanoic acid
B ethanoic acid
C methanoic acid
D propanoic acid
10 In the manufacture of ethanoic acid, the chemical industry uses the following sequence of
reactions.
1 2 3
compound X
What are the three processes?
ethene ethanol
ethanoic acid
11 Shown below are some properties of compound X.
● reacts with potassium carbonate to produce carbon dioxide
● reacts with ethanol to produce a sweet-smelling liquid
● reacts with sodium hydroxide to
produce a salt What is X?
A ethanol
B ethanoic acid
C ethyl ethanoate
D ethyl methanoate
12 What is the name of the ester CH3COOC2H5?
A ethyl ethanoate
B ethyl methanoate
C methyl ethanoate
D methyl methanoate
13. The structural formula of butenedioic acid is shown.
O H H O
C C C C
H O O H
Which statement about butenedioic acid is not correct?
A It decolourises aqueous bromine.
B Its aqueous solution reacts with sodium carbonate.
C Its empirical formula is the same as its molecular formula.
D Its relative molecular mass is 116.
14.Carboxylic acids react with alcohols to form esters.
Which acid and alcohol react together to form the following ester?
CH3CH2 C
OCH3
A propanoic acid and ethanol
B propanoic acid and methanol
C ethanoic acid and ethanol
D ethanoic acid and methanol
15. Esters are formed when an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid.
Which ester would be formed using the carboxylic acid and alcohol shown?
H H
H C H H C H
H H O H
H C C C C H C C OH
H H H OH
H H
carboxylic acid alcohol
A
B
H
H
H C H
H C H
H H H H H C H
H H H
H C C C O C C C H H C C C O C C H
H O H H H H O H H
H C H H C H
H H
C D
H H
H C H H C H
H H H H H H H H
H C C O C C C C H H C C O C C C C H
H O H H H H O H H H
H C H H C H
H H
16. For which molecules are the empirical and molecular formulae the same?
1. methanoic acid, HCO2H
2. ethanoic acid, CH3CO2H
3. propanoic acid, C2H5CO2H
4. butanoic acid, C3H7CO2H
A 1, 2 and 3 only
B 1 and 3 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 2, 3 and 4 only
17. A compound Y is thought to be an organic acid. Which reaction shows that Y is an
organic acid?
A It reacts with an alcohol to form an ester.
B It reacts with magnesium to form hydrogen.
C It reacts with sodium carbonate to form carbon dioxide.
D It turns litmus red.
18. Which compound will react with ethanol to form an ester?
A B
H O H O
H C H
H C O C C H
O C H
H H
H
C D
O H
O
H C H C H H
C
O H
H O C C H
H H
19. The diagrams show two organic compounds.
S T
H H O H H H
H C C C H C C C O H
H H O H H H H
Which statement about the compounds S and T is correct?
A. Both S and T react with sodium carbonate.
B. S and T react together to form the ester ethyl propanoate.
C. T can be changed into S using acidified potassium dichromate (VI).
D. They are in the same homologous series.
20. Which compound has more than two carbon atoms per molecule?
A ethyl ethanoate
B ethene
C ethane
D ethanoic acid
21. In which reaction is water produced?
A manufacture of ethanol from ethene
B manufacture of margarine from vegetable oils
C manufacture of poly(ethene) from ethene
D manufacture of Terylene from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol
22. Which statement about ethanoic acid is correct?
A It contains three carbon atoms per molecule.
B It contains five hydrogen atoms per molecule.
C It is insoluble in water.
D It reacts with ethanol to form a sweet-smelling compound.
23. Cholesterol is an organic molecule that occurs in the blood stream.
What type of compound is cholesterol?
A an acid
B an alcohol
C an alkane
D an alkene
24 How does the number of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms in an ester differ from the
total number of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms in the alcohol and carboxylic acid from which the
compound was derived?
25. Which of the following has not been prepared by reacting a carboxylic acid with an alcohol?
O O
A O C C O
n
H C H H
B
O C C H
H H
O
H C H
C H H
C C C H
H H H
H H O
H C C C
D H
13
Which compound could be a flavouring in a non-alcoholic fruit drink?
A CH3CH2OH
B CH3CH2CH2CH2COOH
C CH3COOCH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
D CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH
Which statement about carboxylic acids is correct?
A All carboxylic acids include the group:
O H
B Ethanoic acid reacts with both copper(II) oxide and copper.
C Methanoic acid, formed by bacterial oxidation, is present in vinegar.
D Propanoic acid decolourises acidified potassium manganate(VII).
38 The structure of an ester is shown.
H H H O
H C C C C H H H
H H H O C C C H
H H H
What is the name of this ester?
A butyl butanoate
B butyl propanoate
C propyl butanoate
D propyl propanoate
14
Which compounds have the molecular formula C3H6O2?
1 methyl ethanoate
2 ethyl methanoate
3 propanoic acid
A 1 and 2 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3
An organic compound has the empirical formula CH2O.
Which row shows a possible correct name and structure for this compound?
name structure
A methanol
B methanoic acid
C ethanol
D ethanoic acid
An ester has the formula C2H5COOC2H5.
Which pair of compounds would react together to form this ester?
A ethanoic acid and ethanol
B ethanol and propanoic acid
C propanoic acid and propanol
D propanol and ethanoic acid
Which circled structure shows only the functional group of a carboxylic acid?
15
The reactions listed all involve ethanol.
1 C2H5OH + O2 CH3COOH + H2O
2 C2H5OH + CH3COOH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
3 C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Which row correctly describes each reaction?
1 2 3
A combustion acidification fermentation
B combustion esterification addition
C oxidation acidification addition
D oxidation esterification fermentation
Ethanoic acid is reacted with propanol.
16
What is the name and what is the structure of the ester produced?
An acid reacts with an alcohol to form an ester and water.
O
CH3CH2COOH + CH3CH2OH → CH3CH2C + H2O
O CH2CH3
What is the name of the ester formed in this reaction?
A ethyl ethanoate
B ethyl propanoate
C propyl ethanoate
D propyl propanoate
17
The diagram shows the structure of a compound called ethanoic anhydride.
Choose from the following compounds to answer the questions.
1
mol of ethanoic anhydride reacts with water to form 2 mol of a carboxylic acid only.
This carboxylic acid reacts with ethanol to form an ester.
How many moles of water react with 1 mol of the ethanoic anhydride and what is the structure of
the ester?
18
37
Propanoic acid reacts with calcium carbonate. The products of this reaction are
calcium propanoate, carbon dioxide and water.
What is the equation for this reaction?
A 2C2H5COOH + Ca2CO3 → 2C2H5COOCa + CO2 + H2O
B 2C2H5COOH + CaCO3 → (C2H5COO)2Ca + CO2 + H2O
C 2C3H7COOH + Ca2CO3 → 2C3H7COOCa + CO2 + H2O
D 2C3H7COOH + CaCO3 → (C3H7COO)2Ca + CO2 + H2O
Which two compounds react together to form CH3CH2COOCH3?
A ethanoic acid and ethanol
B methanoic acid and ethanol
C methanoic acid and propanol
D propanoic acid and methanol
Which compound might be suitable to flavour a soft drink?
A CH3CH2CH2COOCH3
B CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH C
CH3CH2CH2CH2COOH D
CH3CHCHCH2CH3
19
Which description of this fat molecule is correct?
A saturated carboxylic acid
B saturated ester
C unsaturated carboxylic acid
D unsaturated ester
Each compound may be used once, more than once or not at all.
(a) State which compound:
20
(i) has a molecule with only 14 atoms
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) can be oxidised to form propanoic acid
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii) is an isomer of butane
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iv) reacts with steam to make an alcohol
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(v) can be polymerised to make a polyester.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) State which two compounds in aqueous solution turn blue litmus red.
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 6]
21
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22
The structure of angelic acid is shown.
(a) Explain how this structure shows that angelic acid is an unsaturated compound.
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(b) Deduce the molecular formula of angelic acid.
............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(c) Angelic acid is a weak acid.
(i) Define the term acid.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Explain the meaning of the term weak as applied to acids.
...........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d) Angelic acid can be polymerised.
(i) State the name of the type of polymerisation that occurs.
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Draw the partial structure of the polymer of angelic acid. Show two repeat units.
[2]
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(e) Angelic acid reacts with methanol, CH3OH, to form an ester.
Complete the structure of this ester to show all the atoms and all the bonds.
(f) Construct the equation for the complete combustion of methanol.
............................................................................................................................................. [2]
[Total: 10]
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24
© UCLES 2020 5070/11/M/J/20
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