Shaft Seal
Shaft Seal
2
Inefficiencies of Other Mechanical Seals
A mechanical face seal is a great choice but many come with hidden design problems.
The face seal is designed with two finely-machined surfaces or faces located perpendicular to the shaft and pressed together to form
a seal. One face surface - the seal ring - is attached to and turns with the propeller shaft. The other face surface -the friction ring -
is part of the seal body. It remains stationary and does not turn with the shaft. The seal ring and the friction ring are arranged so that
they are always in contact with each other. The seal body is normally a compressed rubber bellows or spring-loaded bellows that forces
the stationary friction ring against the rotating seal ring. This creates a very effective and leak-proof seal.
Since face seals do not use the propeller shaft as a sealing surface, you do not have shaft wear caused by the packing in stuffing boxes
or the rubber lips found in lip seals. Also, the shaft is allowed to rotate with less resistance, which increases fuel economy and helps
provide better propulsion system performance.
friction ring and the seal body have an inside diameter larger than the propeller shaft diameter. This prevents the propeller
The
shaft from hitting the seal body and causing leakage through the seal faces. This also allows for shaft misalignment, excessive
dimensional runout and vibration in the propulsion system.
Today there are many face seal designs to choose from. The difference among them are the method of installation and
removal, type of materials used and design features.
Stainless Steel
Retaining Rings
Shaft Clamp
Seal Ring
Friction Ring Another common type of mechanical seal used on rotating propeller
shafting is the lip seal. Lip seals are similar to stuffing boxes in that
they utilize the propeller shaft as a sealing surface. A rubber ring with
Any bellows-type seal uses the bellows as the only barrier a lip on the inside diameter fits over the propeller shaft.
between you and the sea. If the bellows should fail The tight interference fit between the rubber lip and the propeller
or be damaged, a serious leakage situation will occur. shaft ensures continuous contact and creates a seal.
A rubber bellows is adversely affected by temperature, Shaft imperfections will damage lip seal, result in leakage.
environment and age. In order for the lip seal to operate properly, the propeller shaft must be
Both the Carbon Face Seal (fig. 1) and the Conical Face Seal very smooth. If the shaft is pitted or marred, it will damage the lip seal
use a convoluted rubber bellows as the seal body and to mainta or will not allow a proper fit of the lip seal to the shaft. This will result
in the required pressure on the seal faces. When a rubber bellows in leakage through the lip seal.
is used as a spring, the seal depends on the compressibility
and durometer (hardness) of the rubber to maintain pressure
Frictional heat causes lip seal and propeller shaft wear.
at the faces to create the seal.
The rubber lip seal is not a very effective solution for sealing marine
propeller shafts. As the propeller shaft turns, frictional heat is created
The main problem with this type of seal is that the physical which causes the rubber lip seal and propeller shaft to wear - leading
properties of rubber, regardless of type, are affected by to eventual leakage through the lip seal.
temperature, environment and age. As the aging rubber loses
its physical properties, the amount of pressure on the seal face
Lip seal causes severe wear on stainless steel.
decreases. This can result in seal leakage and requires you
to adjust the face pressure by adding additional compression Shaft wear can be severe when using a lip seal with stainless steel
to the rubber bellows or eventually replacing the rubber bellows. shafting material. Stainless steel has great tensile strength but due
to its high nickel content, it has low resistance to abrasion. Another prob-
lem when using a rubber lip seal with stainless steel shafting
Rubber eventually deteriorates, cracks and leaks.
is crevice corrosion. The tight interference fit of the rubber lip to the
As rubber ages, it becomes less compliant and brittle to the stainless steel shaft results in oxygen deprivation of the stainless steel
point where it will deteriorate, crack and leak. Several face seal and the shaft cannot oxidize to protect itself. This results in
manufacturers have recognized this problem and have incorporated a groove being etched into the shaft - causing the lip seal to leak.
fabric reinforcement in an attempt to assist with structural strength.
Also, several manufacturers have molded a spring into their rubber
Shaft misalignment, vibration will cause seal leakage.
bellows. This is an improvement over the convoluted rubber bellows
because the spring maintains a constant pressure on the seal faces Propeller shaft misalignment and shaft line vibration will cause lip seals
for the life of the seal. However, it does not eliminate the aging pro- to leak. One lip seal manufacturer has tried to solve this problem by
cess of the rubber itself. incorporating into his design a propeller shaft bearing to assist with
reducing the shaft line vibration that causes seal leakage.
Bellows can be accidentally jarred out of position.
Problems occur with both single- and double-lip seal systems.
Another problem with bellows-type face seals is that the flexibility
of the bellows can allow the seal faces to be accidentally knocked Several types of lip seals are available for sealing marine propeller
off their seat or sealing surfaces which will allow a major leakage shafts. They vary in the number of rubber lips used per seal assembly
of water into the vessel. and the type of lubricant used. One type uses a single lip with water
lubrication. Another type uses a double lip seal lubricated with
transmission fluid. This seal has a reservoir of more than 16 ounces of
transmission fluid. As the seal wears, transmission fluid can leak out
4 into the seawater which could result in federal water pollution fines.
The Revolutionary
Mechanical Face Seal Solution.
Simply put, the superior design of the Duramax Shaft
Seal System makes it the best choice for your shaft
seal requirements.
It eliminates the inefficiencies of all other designs.
The Duramax system is easy to install and remove
and increases performance.
This “maintenance-free" mechanical face seal
has run in some applications for over 20,000 running
hours without requiring replacement parts*.
And, maintenance-free means there are no lip seals
or packing to change - and no need for constant
adjustment once properly installed.
*This service life is not guaranteed, it may vary depending upon conditions of use.
5
THE DURAMAX SHAFT SEAL SYSTEM DESIGN FEATURES
Prop Shaft
Shaft Clamp
ENGINE
PROPELLER
Friction Ring Adapter Ring
Slide Ring
6
COMPOSITE, NON-RUBBER STAINLESS STEEL TENSION AIR VENT/WATER INJECTION
MAIN SEAL BODY SPRING ensures a reliable seal. FITTING ensures adequate water
eliminates the weakest point lubrication.
In order for a mechanical face seal
of standard seals.
to work properly, face tension or pressure In order for a mechanical face seal
Most mechanical seals use a rubber must be placed on the rotating seal ring and to work correctly, a thin film of water
bellows or spring-loaded rubber/silicone the stationary friction ring. This tension is required between the two seal faces.
hose to connect the seal to your boat. This water film acts as a lubricant,
creates the seal between the two faces. carries away frictional heat and maintains
This type of connection works - however,
it is the weakest point of the seal assembly. Mechanical face seal manufacturers the proper seal face temperature.
If the bellows or hose is punctured or if who utilize a rubber bellows rely on the Every Duramax Shaft Seal System has
the material weakens or fails, large compressibility and durometer of the rubber an air vent/water injection fitting that
amounts of water will enter the vessel. to maintain the face tension. As the rubber provides adequate water lubrication at the
Also, severe leakage will occur if someone ages and loses its physical properties, seal face. For a displacement hull (sailboat,
steps on the seal body or accidentally the amount of face pressure decreases, trawler, etc.) - the fitting is used to vent
displaces the seal off center. which affects the reliability of the seal. or bleed off any air trapped at the seal face,
The Duramax Shaft Seal System which could prevent water from reaching
The Duramax Main Seal Body has been eliminates the problems associated the seal faces.
designed to eliminate the use of a rubber with rubber bellows by utilizing an
bellows or spring-loaded hose. It employs engineered 316 stainless steel coil spring. For high-speed hulls (approximately above
a rigid, spring-loaded, composite body The spring diameter and number of coils 12 knots) - as the vessel reaches higher
that cannot be knocked off the seal face. have been designed and tested to provide speeds, a vacuum can occur on the stern
The main seal body is attached to an adapt- the proper face pressure that creates a tube which draws the lubricating seawater
er ring by a neoprene sea gasket. reliable seal and ensures a long wear life outboard and starves the seal faces.
If this sea gasket were to fail, the seawater of the seal faces. In these types of installations, the fitting
would enter the sealed spring chamber. is used to inject water to the seal faces.
This special design feature provides Adapter Ring
a secondary seal to the main body seal
and would prevent the entry of seawater
into the vessel.
Sea Gasket
Adjusting Screws
O-Ring
Flat Washer
O-Ring
Clamp Screw Tension Spring
Compression Screw
Friction Ring
Seal Ring
Shaft Clamp
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Choosing the Right Duramax® Shaft Seal
System for Your Vessel is Easy.
The Duramax Shaft Seal System, manufactured
in the U.S.A., is available for shafts from 3/4
to 6-3/4 inches diameter. They are easy to install
for the O.E.M. or retrofit installations.
To find the right one, go to the “DXU Shaft Seal
Assembly" data sheet and look in the left-hand
column for your shaft diameter. Right next to the
shaft diameter listing is the part number for the
Duramax Shaft Seal Assembly.
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THE DURAMAX FRP SHAFT SEAL SYSTEM
Maintenance-Free Seal
9
DXU Shaft Seal Assembly
The shaft seal assembly is the main body of the Duramax Shaft
Seal System. To determine which assembly to order, measure
the propeller shaft diameter and match the shaft size on the
adjacent chart. A Compressed
0B
Engine
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IXU Deluxe Installation Kit
The deluxe installation kit includes water connection fittings
with hose and clear vinyl safety shield. If your shaft size is not
listed, please call Duramax Marine.
If your shaft size is not listed,
please call Duramax Marine at 440-834-5400
Shaft Diameter Water Hose I.D. Kit Part No. Shaft Size A B C Notes
DXU 0750 thru 0875 8-1/2 3-1/2 2 1-7/8
3/4" thru 7/8" 1/4" IXU-0750
DXU 1000 thru 1750 8-15/16 4-1/2 2 2-3/8
1" thru 1-3/4" 1/4" IXU-1000 DXU 2000 thru 2750 9-15/16 5-1/2 3-1/4MAX* 2-7/8
2" thru 2-3/4" 1/4" IXU-2000 DXU 3000 thru 3750 11-13/16 7 3-1/4MAX* 3-5/8
DXU 4000 thru 4750 12 8 3-1/4 4-1/8
3" 1/4" IXU-3000
DXU 5000 thru 5750 12-5/16 10 3-1/4 5-1/8
3" thru 3-3/4" 3/8" IXU-3000A/IXU-3250 DXU 6000 thru 6750 12-5/16 11 3-1/4 5-5/8
4" thru 4-3/4" 3/8" IXU-4000
5" thru 5-3/4" 3/8" IXU-5000
6" thru 6-3/4" 3/8" IXU-6000
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SXU Stern Tube Clamp Adapters
To determine which stern tube clamp adapter to order, measure the propeller shaft and stern
tube diameters. Match the diameters on the adjacent chart to determine the part number.
If your size is not listed, please call Duramax Marine at 440-834-5400
CL
FORWARD END
E OF STERN TUBE
DISTANCE STERN TUBE GOES
INTO STERN TUBE CLAMP ADAPTER D
INSIDE OF HULL AFT END OF
TRANSMISSION FLANGE
SECTION A-A AFT END OF STERN TUBE CLAMP A
C
SHAFT SEAL O.D.
A
B
CL E
INSIDE OF HULL
MINIMUM CLEARANCE NEEDED
FROM CENTER OF STERN TUBE TO
A
INSIDE OF HULL
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HXU Hose Adapters
To determine which hose adapter to order, measure the propeller shaft Shaft Diameter Stern Tube Adapter Part Number
and stern tube diameters. Match the diameters on the adjacent chart Diameter
to determine the part number. 3/4" thru 7/8" 1-1/2" HXU-0750-1500
3/4" thru 7/8" 1-3/4" HXU-0750-1750
If your size is not listed, please call Duramax Marine at 440-834-5400 1" thru 1-1/8" 1-3/4" HXU-1000-1750
1" thru 1-1/4" 2" HXU-1000-2000
1" thru 1-1/2" 2-1/4" HXU-1000-2250
1" thru 1-3/4" 2-3/8" HXU-1000-2375
1" thru 1-3/4" 2-1/2" HXU-1000-2500
1" thru 1-3/4" 2-5/8" HXU-1000-2625
1" thru 1-3/4" 3" HXU-1000-3000
1" thru 1-3/4" 3-1/2" HXU-1000-3500
2" 2-3/4" HXU-2000-2750
2" thru 2-1/4" 2-7/8" HXU-2000-2875
2" thru 2-1/4" 3" HXU-2000-3000
2" thru 2-3/4" 3-1/2" HXU-2000-3500
2" thru 2-3/4" 4" HXU-2000-4000
2" thru 2-3/4" 4-1/4" HXU-2000-4250
2" thru 2-3/4" 4-1/2" HXU-2000-4500
2" thru 2-3/4" 5" HXU-2000-5000
3" thru 3-1/4" 4" HXU-3000-4000
3" thru 3-3/4" 4-1/2" HXU-3000-4500
3" thru 3-3/4" 5" HXU-3000-5000
4" 5" HXU-4000-5000
4" thru 4-3/4" 5-1/2" HXU-4000-5500
4" thru 4-3/4" 6" HXU-4000-6000
4" thru 2-3/4" 7" HXU-4000-7000
5" 6" HXU-5000-6000
5" thru 5-1/2" 6-1/2" HXU-5000-6500
5" thru 5-3/4" 7" HXU-5000-7000
6" 7" HXU-6000-7000
6" thru 6-1/2" 7-1/2" HXU-6000-7500
6" thru 6-3/4" 8" HXU-6000-8000
A AFT END OF
FORWARD END TRANSMISSION FLANGE
OF STERN TUBE
C
SHAFT SEAL O.D.
EXHAUST HOSE
CL
INSIDE OF HULL
HOSE ADAPTER
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FXU Flange Adapters
The flange adapter is used for new construction and for major Shaft Diameter Flange Adapter Part Number
overhauls or retrofit. Diameter
If your size is not listed, please call Duramax Marine at 440-834-5400 3/4" thru 7/8" 5" FXU-0750-THR
1" thru 1-3/4" 6" FXU-1000-THR
2" thru 2-3/4" 8" FXU-2000-THR
D
AFT END OF
FORWARD END OF DEADWOOD, TRANSMISSION FLANGE
BULKHEAD, OR MATCHING FLANGE A
CL
SEAL O.D.
INSIDE OF HULL
14
TXU Thru-hull Adapters
The thru-hull adapter is used for new construction
and for major overhauls or retrofit. Shaft Diameter Adapter Part Number
Diameter
If your size is not listed, please call Duramax Marine at 440-834-5400
3/4" thru 7/8" TXU-0750
1" thru 1-3/4" TXU-1000
2" thru 2-3/4" TXU-2000
3" thru 3-3/4" TXU-3000
4" thru 4-3/4" TXU-4000
5" thru 5-3/4" TXU-5000
6" thru 6-3/4" TXU-6000
D
AFT END OF
FORWARD EDGE OF TRANSMISSION FLANGE
KNEE OR BULKHEAD A
CL
INSIDE OF HULL
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INNOVATION. Duramax Marine® is committed to providing excellence in every product
we manufacture. Our Johnson Cutless® marine and industrial bearings,
EXPERIENCE. heat exchangers, impact protection systems and sealing systems are known
worldwide for their engineered quality and dependable performance. Please contact
RESULTS. the factory for information on any of the following Duramax Marine® products: