Automatic Room light Controller with Visitor Counter
Description: Main concept behind this project is to measure and display the number of persons entering in any room like seminar hall, conference room. LCD display placed outside the room displays this value. And when number of persons inside the room is zero, power supply inside the room can be cut using a relay interface It mainly consists of following blocks 1. Transmitter: We are going to implement the Person counter module using 2 transmitters and 2 receivers. We are going to use Infra-Red transmitters because infrared beams are not visible to human eyes. Transmitters used are IR LEDs 2. Receiver: We are going to use a Infrared receiver. It is a active low device which means it gives low output when it receives the Infrared rays. 3. Microcontroller: This is the CPU (central processing unit) of our project. We are going to use a microcontroller of 8051 family. The various functions of microcontroller are like I. Reading the digital input from two infrared receivers and calculate the number of persons from them. II. Sending this data to LCD so that the person operating this project should read the number of persons inside the room. III. Sensing the password using keypad and to check whether it is a correct password or a wrong password and rotate the stepper motor if the password entered is a correct password. IV. Sending the data to the computer using serial port. This data consist of number of persons inside the room and the status of entered password (Correct/wrong) 4. LCD: We are going to use 16x2 alphanumeric Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) which means it can display alphabets along with numbers on 2 lines each containing 16 characters. 5. PC Interfacing: We are going to use max 232 IC for pc interfacing, the values of number of persons inside the room and the status of entered password (Correct/wrong) will be sent to pc.
Temperature controlled Fan speed
Description: Temperature controller can be done by using Electronic circuit, Microprocessor or microcontroller. Now microcontroller is advanced among all above circuits therefore we are using Microcontroller for temperature controlling. In this project, microcontroller 89s51 forms the processing part, which firstly receives data from ADC. ADC receives data from temperature sensor. Then microcontroller 89s51 performs the comparison of current temperature and set temperature as per the logic of program for which microcontroller has already been programmed. The result obtained from the above operation is given through output port of 89s51 to LCD display of relevant data and generated pulses as per the logic program which is further fed to the driver circuit to obtain the desired output of ceiling fan.
The "Temperature Controlled Fan" is designed around the micro-controller. The main blocks of the system are: Micro-controller board: It is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 4K bytes of Flash Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory PEROM). The device is manufactured using Atmels high-density non-volatile memory technology and is compatible with the MCS51. Instruction set and pin out. The on chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a conventional non-volatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with Flash on a monolithic chip, it provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution so many embedded control applications. Temperature Sensor Block: The temperature sensed by using LM 35. The output voltage of LM 35 varies in liner proportion with the temperature. The sensitivity of LM 35 is 10 mV/0C. For 1 0C output of LM35 is 10 mV. For 10 0C output of LM35 is 100 mV. ADC Block: ADC means analog to digital converter. The output of signal conditioning is in the analog form. But Microprocessor requires input in digital form for this purpose we have to use ADC. In this project we are using ADC 0808. The reference voltage is +5 V. The resolution of ADC is 20 mV. Therefore for 20 mV output of ADC is (01) H. And for 100 mV output of ADC is (05) H.
Amplifier Block: Output signal from micro-controller 89C51 is weak so we have to amplify that signal. Amplifier block amplifies the signal for driving the final control element i.e. output device. For amplification Transistor BC 547 is used. Output Block: In this project we are using FAN as output device. If temperature is above set point then Fan is ON so that temperature will start to decrease Display Block: In this project we are using 16 X 2 intelligent LCD display to display the college name, temperature set point and very important is temperature of Temperature Controlled Fan. Power Block: For our project we require + 5 Volt, - 5 Volt and +12 Volts supply. +5 Volts and. 5Volts is given to Micro-controller board, Temperature sensor, Signal conditioning, ADC etc. +12 Volts are used to drive the relay.
ANTI-THEFT ALARM FOR BIKES
Description If anybody tries to steal your bike, this circuit turns on the horn of the bike to alert you of the impending theft. Usually, a handle lock is used on the handle bar for the safety of bikes, with the front mudguard in a slanted position. When the handle lock is freed, the front mudguard can be aligned with the body of the bike. This circuit consists of transmitter and receiver sections. The transmitter (IRLED1) is fitted on the back end of the front mudguard and the receiver sensor (IRX1) is fitted on the central portion of the crash guard of the bike such that IR rays from the transmitter directly fall on the sensor when the front mudguard comes in line with the body of the bike .The transmitter section is built around timer 555 (IC2), which is wired as an astable multivibrator with
a frequency of around 38 kHz. The output of IC2 is further amplified by transistor T1 and given to an infrared light-emitting diode (IR LED1), which continuously transmits the IR frequency .The receiver section uses IR receiver module TSOP 1738 (IRX1), which is normally used in TV receivers. The receiver module senses the IR modulated frequency transmitted by the IR LED. When no IR rays are incident on the sensor, its output is high. But the output ofthe IR sensor goes low when it senses the modulated IR signal. The output of the receiver module is given to a negative voltage comparator built around IC LM311(IC3). The input voltage at pin 2 of IC3 is fixed by using the voltagedivider network comprising resistors R7 and R8. When IR rays are not incident on the IR receiver module, the voltage at pin 3 of IC3 is greater than the voltage at pin 2. As a result, the output of comparator IC3 is low. But when the receiver senses IR rays from IR LED1, the voltage at pin 3 of IC3 is lower than the voltage at pin 2. As a result, the output of the comparator goes high. The output of the comparator is given to a latch made up of JK flip-flop (IC4). The low-to-high going pulse from the comparator makes the output of IC4 high until it is reset. The output of IC4 is latched and used to energies relay RL1 via transistor T2. The relay is connected to the negative terminal of the motorbikes horn, while the positive terminal of the horn is connected to the positive terminal of the battery via resistor R1. The energised relay drives the horn, which continues sounding until you press reset switch S2 momentarily. At night, lock your bike using the handle lock and switch on the circuit using switch S1. Since the IR transmitter (IR LED1) and the receiver (IRX1) will not be in line of sight, IR rays from IR LED1 will not be incident on the sensor. When anyone tries to move the bike away, the IR transmitter and the IR receiver will come in line of sight and the IR rays from the IR transmitter will be incident on the receiver. This will make the output of the comparator (IC3) high. The pulse from the comparator will make the output of latch IC4 high and transistor T2 will conduct to sound the horn via relay RL1. Note. The circuit excluding the transmitter and the receiver can be housed in a small metal box and kept inside the tool box of the bike. Before you start your bike, make sure that the circuit is switched off using switch S1.
MINI-PROJECT ABSTRACT
GROUP MEMBERS: Basil Zakariya DannyPinheiro Eldhose K.B Harikrishnan V.S Nandu Gopal
