TP03:Control statements (if and switch statements,for and
While loops)
1/ Comments:
_Explains the use of % FOR Comments
2/ Logical expressions:
2.1 Logical operations : Discusses comparison operators we have :
( == its meaning equality, < is less than, <= is less than or equal to, > its mean greater than, >= is
greater than or equal to,~= is inequality) , and logical operators (& is and logical , | its mean the
or logical, ~ its the negation logical ).
In Matlab , a logical variable can take the values 1(true) or 0(false) , for example:
>> x= 30;
>>y= 55;
>> x<y % display 1 (true)
ans=
>>x==y %display 0 (false)
ans=
2.2 Matrix comparaison: introduces functions like isequal and isempty
Isequal:used to test if two ore more arrays are equal in size and content. It returns
1(true) if all the input arrays are identical , and 0(false) otherwise. for example:
A= [1,2; 3,4];
B=[1,2; 4,3];
result= isequal ( A,B) %
returns 0 (false)
Isempty:tests if a matrix is empty . it returns 1 if it does , and 0 if it doesnt. foe example :
A= [ ];
result = isempty (A) %
returns 1 (true)
3/ Flow control structures:
if: basic conditionel structure , and it comes in the form:***
( if (condition) instruction-1....n end) or ( if else end) or ( if elseif else end)
switch:conditionel structure based on variable values, it come in the form:
( switch, case value-1...n, otherwise, end)
for:loops with a defined number of iterations .
while:loops that continue while a condition is true .
4/ Summary exercise:
they are some predefined functions in Matlab describes built-in functions ( sum, prod, mean,
diag, sort ) and how to simulate them progeammatically. Foe example:
n=length(V);
sum1 =0;
for i = 1 : n
sum1=sum1+V(i)
end
disp (sum1)
5/Functions:
In computer science , a function is a reusable block of code that takes inputs and returns result.
In mathematics, a function maps each input to exactly one output.
5.1/ Creating function in a M-Files:
In MATLAB, you can create custom functions by writing their code in M-Files , which should be
saved with the same name in function. and its contains a large number of predefined functions
such as ( sin, cos, sqrt, sum.....etc). For example:
>> edit root2.m
function r = root2 (number)
r = number/2;
precision = 6 ;
for i = 1 : precision
r = (r+nombre . / r) / 2;
end
end
TP04 : Graphics (Management of graphics windows , plot)
MATLAB provides a robust visualization system for efficiently creating and
displaying graphical data . This course introduces the basics of drawing curves in
Matlab.
1/The plot function :
Drawing curves with vectors and matrices, explaining how Matlab interprets single/multiple
vectors and matrices as inputs for X and Y axes. And it has serval forms :( contains two vectors of
the same size as arguments, contains a single vector as an argument, or a single matrix or two
as an argument)
Example :
>> x= [0 :1 :10]
X=
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
>> y=x.^2
Y=
0 1 4 9 16 25 36 49 64 81 100
>> plot(x,y)
2/Change the apparearance of curve :
Details how to modify line styles , colors , and markers using specific characters and strings in
the plot function .
Example :
%red color , dotted and with stars
>> plot( x , y , ‘ r:* ‘)
3/Annotation of a Figure :
Describes adding titles, axis labels , text , annotations , and grids to graphs for better
comprehension.
4/ Drawing multiple curves un the same figure :
Explains how to overlay multiple plots in the same figure using commands like hold on or
providing multiple arguments in plot
5/Manipulating the axes of a figure :
Show how to control axis limits , scaling , and visibility using the axis command and related
options like axis square or axis equal
F(x)=x^3 -2
>>x= -2 : 0.5 : 2 ;
>>y= x.^3-2 ;
>>plot(x,y)
6/Other types of charts :
Introduces additional MATLAB charting functions like (bar , bar 3 ), and mentions others like (hist
, pie , and polar plots)
For example :
>>x=[3,5,2,6]
>>y=[4,1,5,2]
