Malnad College Of Engineering Hassan

(An Autonomus Instituton under Visvesvaraya Technical

University,Belagavi Hassan – 573202)

Social connectivity and Responsibility

Course Code : 22SCR
Report On
PLANTATION AND ADOPTATION OF A TREE
Submitted by
Abhishek HM(MCE23ME40D01) Ramshad(MCE23ME412D13) Keerthiraj
RR(MCE23ME408D09) Nishank AC(MCE23ME418D19) Dinakar Gowda
BN(MCE23ME494D95)

Under the guidance of

Sharath HK
Assitant professor
Dept of ME,MCE Hassan
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Malnad college of Engineering
Hassan - 573202
 IMAGES OF PLANTATION
Name : Abhishek H M
Adaptation of Chikoo Plant
 Activity 1
Plantation and Adoptation of a tree
Plant : Chikoo Plant
Plant Scientific Name : Manilkara zapota

Introduction :
Chik00 (sapota) is a tropical fruit. It has an
uncanny resemblance to a kiwifruit in skin texture
and color, except the chikoo is slightly larger and
without the hairy feel, but rough. The rounder
variety does not look like kiwi fruit except for the
color. Chikoo sapota is spelt differently in different
countries, but retaining the same pronunciation.
Other names for chikoo are sawo (Indonesia),
lamoot (Thailand, Laos and Cambodia), sapota
(part of India), sapote, sapodilla, zapote, sapoti,
nispero, dilly, naseberry, chicozapote, and many
other names. In Malaysia, we called it chiku.
Chiku's scientific name is Manilkara zapota.
The chikoo is native to Central America, Mexico and
the Caribbean. Sapota was first introduced to the
Philippines by the Spaniards. Now the chiku is a
common fruit in South East Asia, Pakistan and
India.
Origin And Distrubution
Origin- Chikoo is the fruit of an evergreen
tree native to Central America and grown since
ancient times. Most modern cultivation of the
Chikoo tree is for the purpose of harvesting
'chicle', a sap from its bark. In India, the tree is
cultivated mainly for its fruits.

Sapodilla can live up to one hundred years. It

can grow to more than 30 m (98 ft) tall with a
trunk diameter of up to 1.5 m (5 ft). The average
height of cultivated specimens, however, is
usually between 9 and 15 m (30 and 49 ft) with a
trunk diameter not exceeding 50 cm (20 in). It is
wind-resistant and the bark is rich in a white,
gummy latex called chicle. The ornamental
leaves are medium green and glossy. They are
alternate, elliptic to ovate, 7–15 cm (3–6 in) long,
with an entire margin. The white flowers are
inconspicuous and bell-like, with a six-lobed
corolla. An unripe fruit has a firm outer skin and
when picked, releases white chicle from its stem.
A fully ripened fruit has saggy skin and does not
release chicle when picked.
Appearance of Chikoo Plant
The sapota tree is a slow-growing, evergreen
plant that can reach heights of 30 to 40 feet.
Its glossy, dark green leaves are unique, and it
produces small, unnoticeable flowers. The fruits
it bears are round to oval, about the size of a
baseball, with rough, brownish skin and sweet,
juicy pulp.

The fruit has an exceptionally sweet, malty

flavor. The unripe fruit is hard to the touch and
contains high amounts of saponin, which
has astringent properties similar to tannin, drying
out the mouth.
The trees can survive only in warm, typically
tropical environments (although it has low
tolerance to drought and heat in its early
years), dying easily if the temperature drops
below freezing. From germination, the sapodilla
tree will usually take anywhere from five to eight
years to bear fruit. The sapodilla trees yield fruit
twice a year, though flowering may continue year
round.

IMAGES OF PLANTATION
Name : Ramshad
Adaptation of Pomegranate Plant
 Activity 1
Plantation and Adoptation of a tree
Plant : Pomogranate Plant
Plant Scientific Name : Punica granatum

Introduction :
Pomegranate, Punica granatum, bush or
small tree of the family Lythraceae and
its fruit. The juicy arils of the fruit are eaten
fresh, and the juice is the source of grenadine
syrup, used in flavourings and liqueurs.
Pomegranate is high in dietary fibre, folic
acid, vitamin C, and vitamin K. The plant,
which may attain 5 or 7 metres (16 or 23 feet)
in height, has elliptic to lance-shaped, bright-
green leaves about 7.5 cm (3 inches) long. The
handsome axillary orange-red flo wers are
borne toward the ends of the branchlets. The
calyx (comprising the sepals) is tubular and
persistent and has five to seven lobes; the
petals are lance-shaped, inserted between the
calyx lobes. The ovary is embedded in the
calyx tube and contains several compartments
in two series, one above the other.

Origin And Distrubution

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) originates from
the Middle East. Today, Iran and India are the
leading producers of this fruit in the world. It is an old
“superfruit” having multiple nutritional and medicinal
properties.

The pomegranate was thought to have originated

from Afghanistan and Iran before being introduced
and exported to other parts of Asia, Africa, and
Europe.It was introduced into Spanish America in the
late 16th century and into California by Spanish
settlers in 1769. They are widely cultivated
throughout West Asia and Caucasus region, South
Asia, Central Asia, north and tropical Africa, the drier
parts of Southeast Asia, and the Mediterranean
Basin.[7] The fruit is typically in season in the
Southern Hemisphere from March to May, and in the
Northern Hemisphere from September to February.
Pomegranate has been used for thousands of years.
Ancient people used it for high blood pressure,
athletic performance, heart disease and diabetes. It's
mentioned in Greek, Hebrew, Buddhist and Christian
mythology and writings. It's described in records
dating from around 1500 BCE as a treatment for
tapeworm and other parasites.
Appearance of Pomogranate Plant
The pomegranate plant is a large shrub or small tree
that has smooth, evergreen leaves and showy
orange to red flowers. It has rounded fruit with a dry
outer covering (husk) made up of two layers: (1) a
hard-outer layer called an epicarp, (2) a soft inner
layer called a mesocarp.

This deciduous (rarely evergreen) shrub or small tree

typically grows from 12 to 20 feet tall and nearly the
same in spread. Pomegranates sucker profusely from
the base, and if not removed routinely, the plants
quickly become dense with many stems. Stems tend
to be slender and thorny with reddish-brown bark that
becomes gray with age. Leaves may be alternate,
opposite, or whorled on the stem and are 1 to 3
inches long by ⅓ to ¾ inches wide. The leaves are
glossy, dark green, and somewhat leathery; they turn
yellow in the fall and may linger on the plant until
early-winter.

IMAGES OF PLANTATION
Name : Keerthiraj RR
Adaptation of Coconut Plant
Activity 1
 Plantation and Adoptation of a tree
Plant : Coconut Plant
Plant Scientific Name : Cocos nucifera

Introduction :
The coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) is a member of
the palm tree family (Arecaceae) and the only
living species of the genus Cocos.[1] The term
"coconut" (or the archaic "cocoanut")[2] can refer to
the whole coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which
botanically is a drupe, not a nut. The name comes
from the old Portuguese word coco, meaning "head"
or "skull", after the three indentations on the coconut
shell that resemble facial features. They are
ubiquitous in coastal tropical regions and are a
cultural icon of the tropics.
The coconut tree provides food, fuel, cosmetics, folk
medicine and building materials, among many other
uses. The inner flesh of the mature seed, as well as
the coconut milk extracted from it, form a regular part
of the diets of many people in the tropics
and subtropics. Coconuts are distinct from other fruits
because their endosperm contains a large quantity of
clear liquid, called "coconut water" or "coconut juice"
Origin And Distrubution
Coconuts today can be grouped into two highly
genetically distinct subpopulations: the Indo-Atlantic
group originating from southern India and nearby
regions including Sri Lanka, the Laccadives, and the
Maldives and the Pacific group originating from the
region between maritime Southeast Asia and
Melanesia.

The botanical name for coconut is Cocos

nucifera and it is currently thought to have originated
in the coastal areas of Southeast Asia and
Melanesia. In prehistoric times, it spread naturally on
ocean currents eastward to the tropical Pacific
islands and westward to India and all the way to East
Africa. Around 4,500 years ago, voyaging
Polynesians and Indo-Malayans introduced their
preferred forms to various Pacific islands. The
slender, leaning, ringed trunk of the coconut
palm rises to a height of up to 25 metres (80
feet) from a swollen base and is surmounted
by a graceful crown of giant
featherlike leaves. Mature fruits, ovoid or
ellipsoid in shape, 300–450 mm (12–18 inches)
in length and 150–200 mm (6–8 inches) in
diameter, have a thick fibrous husk
surrounding the familiar single-seeded nut of
commerce.
Appearance of Pomogranate Plant
Coconut palm is a tree with a slim and smooth trunk,
a crown of leaves, and rounded, green or yellow fruit.
Its flowers grow in clusters on a stem; a flowering
structure known as an inflorescence. The female
flowers are larger than the male flowers, and both are
found on the same inflorescence.
The Coconut tree Cocos nucifera is a member of
the palm tree family (Arecaceae) and the only
living species of the genus Cocos.The term coconut
(or the archaic cocoanut can refer to the
whole coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which
botanically is a drupe, not a nut. The name comes
from the old Portuguese word coco, meaning "head"
or "skull", after the three indentations on the coconut
shell that resemble facial features. They are
ubiquitous in coastal tropical regions and are a
cultural icon of the tropics.
The coconut tree provides food, fuel, cosmetics, folk
medicine and building materials, among many other
uses. The inner flesh of the mature seed, as well as
the coconut milk extracted from it, form a regular part
of the diets of many people in the tropics
and subtropics..
 IMAGES OF PLANTATION
Name : Nishank AC
Adaptation of Lemon Cypres Plant
 Activity 1
Plantation and Adoptation of a tree
Plant : Lemon Cypress
Plant Scientific Name : Cupreses
macrocarpa

Introduction :
Native to California, Its lovely pyramidal form and
vibrant chartreuse foliage are a terrific decorative
accent indoors or out. Lemon Cypress is often used
around the holidays for interior decorating. Its conical
shape mimics a live Christmas tree. It's useful for
interiors or outdoors on a porch, patio, or balcony.
The Lemon Cypress Tree, also known as Golden
Cypress or Italian Stone Pine, is a fast-growing conifer
with a cone-like shape. It is native to the
Mediterranean region and is known for its lemon-
scented foliage. The tree produces feathery, bright
yellow-green needles that emit a lemon fragrance
when crushed. Benefits of Growing Lemon Cypress: It
is an attractive and fragrant addition to any garden or
landscape. The tree is drought-tolerant, easy to care
for, and does well in full sun to partial shade.
Origin And Distrubution
The Monterey cypress is found naturally only on
the Central Coast of California. Due to being a glacial
relict, the natural distributional range of the species
during modern times is confined to two small relict
populations near Carmel, California, at Cypress Point
in Pebble Beach and at Point Lobos.[5] Historically
during the peak of the last ice age, Monterey cypress
would have likely comprised a much larger forest that
extended much further north and south
It grows to heights of up to 40 meters (133 feet) in
perfect growing conditions, and its trunk diameter can
reach 2.5 meters (over 8 feet). The foliage grows in
dense sprays which are bright green in color and
release a deep lemony aroma when crushed.
The leaves are scale-like, 2–5 mm long, and
produced on rounded (not flattened) shoots;
seedlings up to a year old have needle-like leaves 4–
8 mm long. The seed cones are globose to oblong,
20–40 mm long, with 6–14 scales, green at first,
maturing brown about 20–24 months after pollination.
The pollen cones are 3–5 mm long, and release
their pollen in late winter or early spring. The
Latin specific epithet macrocarpa means "with large
fruit".
Appearance of Lemon Crypress Plant
Lemon Cypress is a narrow, columnar, evergreen
tree with upward-growing branches. Its delicate,
feathery bright yellow-green foliage makes it stand
out among other conifers. There are bigger and
smaller varieties of this cypress. The large outdoor
one can grow up to 16ft (5m) high.
It is fast-growing, which can reach 6 meters (20 ft) in
height. Its foliage is yellowish-green and the scent of
its leaves reminds of lemon. It adapts to any climate,
exposure, and substrate. In full sun as in semi-shade.
Often when pruning Lemon Cypress, the tips that
have been trimmed will turn brown. This is normal
and will be hidden by the new growth that will shortly
emerge. As described earlier, regu- larly pruning your
Lemon Cypress will keep its new growth in the more
desirable juvenile form.
 IMAGES OF PLANTATION
Name : Dinakar Gowda BN
Adaptation of Areca Palm Plant
 Activity 1
Plantation and Adoptation of a tree
Plant : Areca Palm
Plant Scientific Name : Areca catechu

Introduction :
Arecaceae family, which is cultivated in the tropical
region of India and Southeast Asia. It is a prevalent
traditional herbal medicine that is chewed to separate
collected fluid in the alimentary canal and for killing
worms. Areca catechu seed contains alkaloids
(arecoline, arecaine, arecaidine, guvacoline,
guvacine, and choline), tannin, gallic acid, gum, and
various minerals such as copper, calcium,
phosphorus, and iron. The chemical constituents of
this plant have been used as antidiabetic, stomatitis,
bleeding gums, gingivitis, conjunctivitis, glaucoma,
leucorrhoea, urinary disorders, anorexia, diarrhea,
blood pressure regulating activity, antiulcerogenic,
antioxidant activity.Its Betal costs higher and helpful
in making of small small nuts.
Origin And Distrubution
Areca catechu is grown for its commercially important
seed crop, the areca nut, which is the main
component of the practice of betel nut chewing. It is
popular throughout Southeast Asia, South Asia,
Taiwan, Papua New Guinea and some nearby
islands, parts of southern China, Madagascar, and
the Maldives. Areca catechu L., of the Arecaceae
family, is generally distributed in tropical Asia,
including Malaysia, southern China, and India, and is
the subject of interest in extensive planting and
processing industry
The top 3 exporters of Areca nut are Netherlands with
30,100 shipments followed by Germany with 24,469
and France at the 3rd spot with 16,210 shipments.
India exports most of it's Areca nut to United
Kingdom, Germany and Netherlands. The top 3
exporters of Areca nut are Netherlands with 30,100
shipments followed by Germany with 24,469 and
France at the 3rd spot with 16,210 shipments.
Appearance of Areca Palm Plant
The Betel Nut Palm exudes exotic charm through its
distinctive growth pattern. Emerging gracefully from
seed nuts, it takes on the appearance of a miniature
coconut palm, unfolding vibrant tropical palm fronds.
Its slender stems carry long, glossy leaves, forming a
lush, compact crown of a canopy. A handsome
single-stemmed, tropical palm with broad, glossy
green, feather-shaped leaves that protrude from a
green crownshaft and has a narrow, upright habit.
Stem solitary, slender, prominently marked with
annulated scars of fallen fronds, diameter 40 cm.