Digital Storage

Oscilloscope
eReference Guide 970193

i
 Audi of America, LLC
Service Training
Created in the U.S.A.
Created 3/2013
Revised 9/2016
Course Number 970193

Based on ODIS Service software version 3.0.3

©2016 Audi of America, LLC

All rights reserved. Information contained in this manual is based on

the latest information available at the time of printing and is subject to
the copyright and other intellectual property rights of Audi of America,
LLC., its affiliated companies and its licensors. All rights are reserved to
make changes at any time without notice. No part of this document
may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any
form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording
or otherwise, nor may these materials be modified or reposted to other
sites without the prior expressed written permission of the publisher.
All requests for permission to copy and redistribute information should
be referred to Audi of America, LLC.

Always check Technical Bulletins and the latest electronic service repair
literature for information that may supersede any information included
in this booklet.

This eReference Guide contains video

links which you can use to access inter-
active media.
Revision 9/2016

ii
Introduction ..................................................................................... 1

How to start ...................................................................................... 2

Initial set-up ..................................................................................... 3

Online Help .............................................................................................................................................................. 4

Displaying Measured values on the DSO ........................................... 5

Measurement modes ........................................................................ 9

Auto mode .............................................................................................................................................................10
Writer mode ..........................................................................................................................................................11
Long term measurement .....................................................................................................................................12
Auto set-up ............................................................................................................................................................13

Channel set-up ................................................................................ 14

Picking input ..........................................................................................................................................................14
Viewing two signals at once ................................................................................................................................15

Viewing signals ............................................................................... 16

Voltage divisions ...................................................................................................................................................17
Time divisions .......................................................................................................................................................18
Slider ......................................................................................................................................................................20

Freeze frame ................................................................................... 21

Using the cursor ....................................................................................................................................................21
Parameter changes ..............................................................................................................................................22

Trigger mode .................................................................................. 23

Button functions ...................................................................................................................................................23

Bandwidth limit .............................................................................. 26

Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) signals ..........................................27

Measuring the time period ...................................................................................................................................27
Measuring the pulse width ..................................................................................................................................28

Automotive Electrical Signals Glossary ..........................................30

Analyzing Automotive Electrical Signals ........................................35

Three factors .........................................................................................................................................................35

Automotive Electrical Sensors and Actuators ................................36

Analog sensors .....................................................................................................................................................36
Digital sensors ......................................................................................................................................................36
Actuators ...............................................................................................................................................................37

Knowledge assessment................................................................... 38

This eReference Guide provides information regarding the new application “Offboard Diagnostic Information
Note
System.”
This eReference Guide is not a Repair Manual.
This eReference Guide is not meant to replace the ODIS Service manual.
This information will only be updated electronically. Reference
iii
iv
 Introduction
Due to the increasing complexity of today’s electronic
systems in Audi vehicles, using a digital storage oscillo-
scope (DSO) to accurately diagnose electrical concerns has
become a necessity. It is important that every Audi Techni-
cian thoroughly understand the capabilities and use of the
DSO.

This eReference Guide will help reinforce the knowledge

you gained from the DSO web-based training course
970174.

This eReference guide describes the DSO functions within

ODIS Service version 3.0.3. DSO_10

For more information on launching ODIS Service or starting

a GFF session, please refer to eReference Guide 910123,
Offboard Diagnostic Information System.

Please note that the DSO web-based training course

970194 should be completed before you attempt the
Knowledge Assessment for this eReference Guide.

Button pushes will be indicated by the use of carets (< >).

For example, if you are asked to push the Enter button, it
will be shown as: Push (or Select) <Enter>.

DSO_2

1
 How to start
After launching ODIS Service, click
<Measurement> Operating mode.

DSO_10

Multimeter will be displayed by default.

Click <Oscilloscope> to display the DSO.

DSO_14

DSO_1

2
Initial set-up
Button functions
The following buttons are displayed by default when the DSO is first started:

DSO_1

The Freeze Frame button is used to capture a screen shot of The Lines buttons will increase or decrease the thickness of
a signal to allow it to be analyzed. the displayed waveform.

Channel A and Channel B buttons are used to select the cable The Time division buttons will change the amount of time
leads to use for displaying a signal. per square in the DSO grid.

The Measurement mode button is used to select the Time The Item buttons will move the location of the Trigger arrow
division range for the displayed signal. on the DSO grid.

The Bandwidth limit button is used to activate or deactivate Many of these functions will be covered in depth later in this
the band-pass filter. eReference Guide.

The Specified curves button is not used at this time.

3
 Online Help

For more information on DSO buttons and functions, click the

<Online Help> button to launch the ODIS Service User’s
Manual.

If the Online Help button is pressed while the DSO screen is

displayed, the User’s Manual will open directly to the DSO
section.

DSO_21

4
Displaying Measured values on the DSO
Measured Values (MV) can be displayed below the signal on the DSO screen.

DSO_15

To select them, Guided Fault Finding (GFF) must be started.

After the GFF scan has completed:

Click on <Control modules>.

Right click on the control module that contains the MVs you want to view.

Click <Measurement> to go to the MV selection window.

5
 The Selecting measured values windows will appear. The MVs will be in alphabetical order.

To go to a specific name, click the first letter. For example, “c” for Clutch position sensor.

To select a MV, click on the name.

Multiple MVs can be displayed.

To select multiple MVs that are next to

each other in the list, hold down the
<Shift> key and use the up or down
arrow key.

DSO_16

To select MVs that are not next to each

other in the list, hold down the <Ctrl>
key and click on each desired MV with
the mouse.

DSO_17

A maximum of four MVs can be displayed at one time on the Measurement display (see illustration DSO_19 on next page). The
selected values will be displayed in order left to right, for example, a selected MV starting with A will always display to the left
of one starting with any other letter.

Click <OK> to go to the Measurement mode.

6
The Measurement Operating mode will now start. (If the Multimeter is displayed, click <Oscilloscope> on the top of the screen.)

DSO_18

Click <Measured values Diagnosis> at the bottom right of the DSO window to display the MVs in a bar below the DSO grid.

The selected MVs will now appear, and the button will be depressed on the screen.

DSO_19

7
 In some cases, a description can be seen when the cursor is placed over the MV text.

In this example, the network status MV is displayed, when the cursor was placed over the second MV display.

DSO_20

8
Measurement modes
Automotive signals can be classified by how quickly the amplitude of the signal changes.

If the amplitude changes over a matter of seconds or minutes, it is considered to be a slow signal. If the amplitude
changes over a matter of milli or microseconds (thousandths or millionths of a second), it is considered to be a fast signal.

To properly display these waveforms on the DSO, the correct Measuring Mode must be selected.

Writer Mode is used for slow signals and Auto Mode is used for fast signals.

Avoid using Auto mode when the time divisions are set to 0.2 seconds per division or slower.
Use Auto mode for repeating signals that change rapidly, such as:

›› Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) signals.

›› Variable frequency signals.
›› Control module network signals.

Use Writer mode for signals that change slowly, such as:

›› Voltage drop measurements.

›› Current measurements.
›› On/Off signals from switches.
›› Analog signals from temperature sensors and potentiometers.

To select the Measurement mode:

Click <Measurement mode>. Then select the desired mode. More information on each mode is displayed on the following
pages.

9
 Auto mode

To select the Auto mode:

Click <Measurement mode>.
Select <Auto>.

Once Auto mode is selected, the Auto button will be depressed, and Measurement mode Auto will be displayed at the bottom of
the screen.

The measurement mode buttons will only be displayed when the Measurement mode button is depressed.

The selected measurement mode will always be displayed at the bottom of the DSO grid.

DSO_22

If you want to change the settings, deselect the <Measurement mode> button to change the Time or Voltage divisions.

10
Writer mode

To change the measurement mode to Writer mode:

Select the <Measurement mode> button.
Select the <Writer mode> button.
Deselect the <Measurement mode> button.
Writer will now display at the bottom of the screen.

DSO_3

11
 Long term measurement

The Long-term measurement mode can be used to record a measurement over a specified period of time.

To activate the long term measurement:

Click <Writer mode>. (See previous page.)

The Long-term measurement button will be displayed below the Measurement mode button while it is depressed.

Click <Long-term measurement> to activate.

Adjust the Hours and Minutes using the up and down arrows

After the time has been set,

Click <Freeze Frame> to start the measurement.

DSO_23

After the time has elapsed, the Cursor and Zoom functions can be used to analyze the signal.

Do not press the Freeze Frame button again until the analysis is complete because the image will be erased and the measure-
ment period started over.

12
Auto set-up

Auto Setup works best on signals with a regular repeating pattern, such as an engine speed sensor. It will not work with irregu-
lar signals, such as a CAN bus signal.

If the signal is difficult to read or not displayed, Auto Setup can be used to set the proper time and voltage divisions.

Select the <Measurement mode> button.

Select the <Auto Setup> button. It will take a few seconds for Auto Set-up to run.

When Auto Set-up has finished running, the Measurement mode changes to Auto Level.

DSO_11

Auto Level will get the settings close, but they may not be optimal.

To change the settings:

Deselect the <Measurement mode> button to change the Time or Voltage divisions.

13
 Channel set-up
Picking input

To select the desired measuring device, Channel A or Channel B must be selected. Up to two signals can be displayed in the DSO
grid at one time. To select Channel A, click the <Channel A> button. Then click on <OFF> to display the different leads available.

DSO_24

To select Channel B, repeat the process after clicking the <Channel B> button.

DSO_25

14
Viewing two signals at once

After selecting the leads, the waveform will be displayed in the grid. More buttons will also appear at the bottom of the screen.
In this example, the DSO1 leads were selected. To adjust the Volts displayed in each box on the grid, referred to as Volts per
division, Use the up and down arrows while the desired Channel button is depressed. It is possible to display different Volts per
division for both Channel A and Channel B, but the time divisions cannot be changed individually.

DSO_1

To select Time divisions, both Channel A and Channel B buttons must be deselected. The selected time division will always
display at the top of the DSO grid.

DSO_26

15
 Viewing signals
When the DSO is first accessed, the settings will need to be adjusted to view the signal.

The image below represents an initial setting after the DSO was started. In this example, the waveform settings make the signal
difficult to interpret.

The waveform is displaying above the top of the screen. A waveform should never display above or below the top or bottom of
the screen. The individual pulses of the waveform are so compressed that they are unreadable.

To correct these issues, the DSO must be configured to display the waveform by adjusting both the time and voltage divisions.

DSO_4

16
Voltage divisions

Voltage divisions can be adjusted in order to view more detail in the waveform. To adjust the voltage divisions:

Select <Channel A>.

Select the Voltage division up arrow <> until the Channel A voltage division displays 5 V/Div.

DSO_5

Deselect Channel A. The waveform now fits the screen, that is, it does not display above or below the top or bottom
of the screen.

17
 Time divisions

To make the individual pulses of the waveform visible, the time division must be changed:

Because the pulses need to be wider, the time division must be smaller.

Press the Time division down arrow <‚> until the Time division displays 0.5 ms/Div.

DSO_6

Lowering the Time division is similar to zooming in on the displayed signal.

18
If the Time divisions are set too low, the signal will start to round off.

Lowering the Time divisions zooms in on the signal. This affects how the signal is displayed. In this example, the displayed
signal is a digital signal with only two states.

When the time divisions are too low, the signal appears to have a gradual change instead of the instant change. Be sure to keep
this in mind when adjusting the time divisions.

DSO_27

19
 Slider

Notice that the height of the waveform only occupies about 25% of the screen (illustration DSO_6 on a previous page). While
this is perfectly acceptable, it may be possible to make it taller.

To do this, the zero point of the waveform must be changed.

Select the <Channel A> button.

Move the slider down to the first division above the bottom of the screen as shown below.

Press the voltage division <‚> arrow until the voltage division for Channel A displays 2 V/Div.

Deselect the <Channel A> button.

DSO_7a

20
Freeze frame
Using the cursor

To measure the amplitude of the signal, the Cursor function can be used to provide an exact number.

To use the Cursor:

Select <Freeze Frame>.

Select <Cursor 1>.

Tap the screen to move the cursor to approximately the middle of one of the high state pulses as shown below.

To place the cursor in an exact position, use the left and right Cursor arrows.

The high state amplitude is displayed in the box labeled Amplitude channel A.

The time value box can also be used, but typically this provides more value when using both Cursor 1 and Cursor 2 to measure
the time difference. This will be covered in the section on Pulse Width.

DSO_8

21
 Parameter changes

If settings such as the Volt divisions, Time divisions, or Trigger mode are changed while the Freeze Frame button is pressed, the
Parameters changed message will appear on the DSO screen.

To apply these changes:

Click <Freeze Frame> to return to a live signal, then click again to freeze it.

DSO_28

22
Trigger mode
Button functions

Trigger mode can be used to help capture a fast repeating signal, such as a network signal or pulse width modulated (PWM)
signal.

This will make it easier to use Freeze Frame to analyze the waveform.

To adjust the settings:

Click and hold <Trigger mode>.

While it is pressed, the settings can be adjusted.

When the arrow is pointed up, the trigger will grab the signal at the selected amplitude increase.

DSO_29

23
 To capture the signal while the amplitude is decreasing, use the <Side> menu to change from positive to negative. The trigger
arrow will now point down.

DSO_30

To change the trigger to capture the Channel B signal:

Use the <Channel> menu to select the input. In this case, DSO 2 is active on Channel B, so the trigger arrow changes from yellow
to green.

DSO_31

24
The Voltage type can also be changed.

To change this, use the <Connection> menu. AC, DC, or Ground can be selected.

The left and right arrows will move the position of the trigger arrow on the grid. The up and down arrows will change the Ampli-
tude divisions for the selected trigger channel only. The other channel amplitude divisions will not change.

For more information on the Trigger mode settings, refer to the ODIS Service User’s Manual

DSO_32

25
 Bandwidth limit
The Bandwidth limit button can also be used to adjust how the waveform is displayed on the DSO screen. If the signal does not
look correct, the Bandwidth limit button can be selected or deselected to see if the signal display is improved. When Bandwidth
is active, BWL will be displayed at the top of the DSO grid after the time divisions.

For more information, please refer to the ODIS User’s manual.

DSO_34

Bandwidth Limit Active

DSO_5

26
Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) signals
Measuring the time period

To measure period:

Click <Freeze Frame> after the desired waveform is displayed.

Select <Cursor 1>.

Move the cursor bar to the left of the amplitude increase at the lowest point of the waveform.

Use the right Cursor arrow button to move the cursor bar until it starts to increase. The arrow on the bar will start to rise.

Select <Cursor 2> and position it near the next amplitude increase.

Use the right or left Cursor arrows to position it at the point where the amplitude increases from its lowest point. This will now
be the period for one full repetition of a PWM signal, both the ON and OFF time.

The time period will be displayed in the Time difference box on the right of the screen.

DSO_35

DSO_35

27
 Measuring the pulse width

To measure the pulse width of the signal:

Select <Freeze Frame>.

Select <Cursor 1>.

Move Cursor 1 to the left of the leading edge of one of the pulses and then use the Cursor ► button to move it to the right until
the box labeled “Channel A Amplitude” starts to increase.

It is important to see where the amplitude begins to increase. This is the point where the signal switches ON.

Ignore the number in the box labeled “Time”

Cursor 1

DSO_9
Go to the next step.

28
Select <Cursor 2>.

Move Cursor 2 to the left of the trailing edge of the same pulse and then use the Cursor ► button to move it to the right until the
box labeled Amplitude difference A starts to decrease.

It is important to see where the amplitude begins to decrease. This is the point where the signal switches OFF.

The box labeled Time Difference displays the pulse width of the signal.

Cursor 1 Cursor 2

DSO_10

29
 Automotive Electrical Signals Glossary

Amplitude: The level of a signal above or below zero. The

signal in the example at left has an amplitude of 2V. Ampli-
tude can also refer to Amperage or Pressure, depending on
the leads used in the DSO.

Analog Signal: An electrical signal whose amplitude can be

measured at an infinite number of positions along the wave-
form.

Digital Signal: An electrical signal with an instantaneous

change in amplitude (called a pulse) from low to high and
high to low. Since the change in state is instantaneous, the
amplitude can only be measured in two positions, high or low.

The pulse shown at left is a positive pulse, because the

normal state of the waveform is low and the pulse goes high.
However, with a negative pulse, the normal state of the
waveform is high and the pulse goes low.

Sine Wave: An analog signal where the current reverses

direction at regular intervals, also called alternating current
(AC). In automotive applications, sine waves are produced by
either the alternator (un-rectified) or inductive sensors (such
as the RPM sensor).

30
Square Wave: A digital signal that continuously alternates
between ON and OFF. A true square wave is ON and OFF for an
equal length of time. A variation of the square wave is the
rectangular wave, which is ON and OFF for an unequal length
of time, but is usually still called a square wave.

Frequency: The number of times a signal repeats in one

second (cycles per second), measured in Hertz (Hz). The
example at left has a frequency of 3Hz.

The frequency of a signal can be fixed or variable. Any sensor

that measures a rotating component (such as the camshaft
position sensor) generates a variable frequency signal.

Period: The time required for a signal to complete one cycle.

It can be measured in seconds (s), milliseconds (ms), or
microseconds (μs).

Pulse Width: The time that a signal remains ON during one

period. It can be measured in seconds (s), milliseconds (ms),
or microseconds (μs).

Pulse width is similar to duty cycle, except duty cycle is mea-

sured in percent (%) instead of time. See Duty Cycle.

31
 Duty Cycle: The percentage (%) of time a signal remains ON
during one period.

Duty cycle is similar to pulse width, except pulse width is

measured in time instead of percent. See Pulse Width.

Duty cycle is calculated by dividing the pulse width (s, ms, or

μs) by the period (s, ms, or μs), and then multiplying the
result by 100. For example, a signal with a 50 ms pulse width
and a 100 ms period has a 50% duty cycle.

% Duty Cycle = Pulse Width X 100

Period

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM): A signal that varies the

pulse width of a signal. It is also called variable duty cycle.

Waveform: The graphic representation of an electrical signal

as displayed on an oscilloscope screen. While waveform is the
preferred name, it is also called a trace or a pattern.

DSO_7

32
Leading Edge: When viewing a waveform, the change in
vertical height at the beginning of the signal. It is also called
the rising edge or positive edge.

Trailing Edge: When viewing a waveform, the decrease in

vertical height at the end of a signal. It is also called the
falling edge or negative edge.

33
 Networked Signals: A signal that consists of a sequence of
coded pulses (sequence of event signals) used to broadcast
data between a network of control modules. The CAN, LIN,
and FlexRay buses are networked signals.

Sawtooth Wave: A signal in which the amplitude instanta-

neously rises and then ramps down, giving the appearance of
a sawtooth.

!
Note
The following lists provide general information on sensors, actuators, and their signals. They are not intended to account for every
sensor and actuator in the vehicle, and applications include, but are not limited to, those listed.

34
Analyzing Automotive Electrical Signals
Three factors

Three factors affect automotive signals:

›› Amplitude
›› Frequency
›› Sequence of Events

Amplitude: ON/OFF, analog, pulse width modulated, and

duty cycle signals are characterized by the rate of change in
amplitude, or the time the signal remains in the high or low
state.

When used in sensor applications, the amplitude or pulse

width (duty cycle) of a signal is varied to supply data to a
control module. Thermistors, potentiometers, Hall switches
and pressure sensors are commonly used in this way.

Frequency: Square and sine wave signals are examples of

signals that are characterized by changes in frequency (the
number of times they repeat themselves per second).

In sensor applications, Hall and inductive sensors are used to

provide rotational data such as RPM, CMP, and wheel speed
sensors.

Sequence of Events: Sequence of event signals are character-

ized by a series of pulses that can be compared to messages
sent by Morse code.

By altering the sequence of the pulses, an almost infinite

number of coded messages can be quickly and accurately
transmitted between different control modules. Networked
signals that are used by the CAN, LIN, and FlexRay buses are
examples of sequence of event signals.

35
 Automotive Electrical Sensors and Actuators
Analog sensors Digital sensors
Thermistor: A two wire sensor that utilizes a resistor Hall Sensors and Switches: A two or three wire elec-
whose resistance varies with temperature. The thermistors tronic sensor that produces a variable frequency square wave
used in most automotive applications have a Negative Tem- signal. Power and ground are supplied to a Hall Effect Transis-
perature Coefficient (NTC), where the resistance of the tor which is located in a magnetic field generated by a perma-
thermistor decreases as the temperature increases. In a nent magnet.
Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) thermistor, the resis-
tance of the thermistor increases as the temperature As the magnet field is altered by moving the magnet in rela-
increases. tion to the transistor, or by moving a shutter wheel through
the magnetic field, the reference voltage is alternately pulled
NTC thermistors are commonly used as temperature sensors. high or low, resulting in a square wave signal. Hall sensors are
The temperature value is not obtained by reading the sensor often used to measure the position of rotating components
resistance directly, but instead by placing a reference voltage such as camshaft position sensors.
(usually five volts) and ground across the sensor and then
reading the resulting voltage drop.
Pressure Sensor: A three wire electronic sensor that
converts pressure measurements into an electrical signal.
Potentiometer: A three wire variable resistor that is used Power and ground are supplied to a pressure sensing device,
as a voltage divider. A reference voltage (usually five volts or which then produces a PWM or analog signal relative to the
battery voltage) and ground are placed across a resistance measured pressure.
element.
The third wire transmits the PWM signal to the control
A wiper is moved across the element to produce an infinitely module. While the majority of automotive pressure sensors
variable voltage signal from zero up to the reference voltage, fall into this category, some older types of sensors may use
which is measured on the third wire. In automotive applica- potentiometers to read pressure.
tions, potentiometers are commonly used as position sensors
for motors, or for measuring throttle plate position.

Inductive Sensor: A two wire sensor that measures the

rotation of a shaft. Unlike other sensors, this sensor does not
have an external power supply. Instead, it contains a perma-
nent magnet that creates a magnetic field which collapses
and expands when a sensor wheel is rotated through it,
generating an AC sine wave signal.

The frequency of this signal varies with changes in the RPM of

the sensor wheel. Many crankshaft position (RPM) sensors
and older ABS wheel speed sensors are inductive sensors.

Knock Sensor: A two wire sensor that is used to measure

spark knock in an engine. This sensor uses a crystal material
that generates an AC voltage when mechanical stress is
applied to it (piezoelectric effect) when spark knock occurs.
During installation, a knock sensor must be properly torqued
to read spark knock correctly.

36
Actuators
Solenoid: A two wire electromechanical device used to Motor: A device that converts electrical energy into rota-
control the flow of liquids, gases, or the operation of mechan- tional motion. On late model vehicles, the speed of most
ical components. To operate the solenoid, an ON/OFF, PWM, motors is controlled using PWM circuits.
or variable frequency signal (commonly a switched ground) is
supplied to a winding inside the solenoid, which in turn gen- If a motor has low output, checking the motor amperage can
erates a magnetic field that moves a plunger. determine if the problem is electrical or mechanical. Increas-
ing the electrical resistance in a motor circuit will decrease
Depending on the design of the solenoid, the plunger may be the amperage in the circuit, while increasing the mechanical
normally open, or normally closed in its rest state. A fuel load on the motor shaft will increase the amperage in the
injector is an example of a solenoid. circuit.

When the signal to the solenoid is switched OFF and the The direction of motor rotation can be changed by reversing
magnetic field around the winding collapses, the winding the polarity of the signals to the motor.
produces a phenomenon called “inductive kick.”

Inductive kick is a high voltage pulse that is injected back into

the control circuit, and is similar in principal to the pulse
produced by an ignition coil, although the voltage is much
lower (generally around 30 to 60 volts).

Relay: An electromechanical switch that uses a low current

input signal to control a high current output signal. It con-
tains a winding that is used to magnetically move a set of
points (switch), similar to the operation of a solenoid. When
an ON/OFF signal is supplied to the winding, a magnetic field
is generated which changes the position of the switch.

Depending on the design of the relay, the switch may be

normally open, or normally closed, in its rest state. The most
common type of relay is a four wire relay, which uses two
wires for the control circuit and two wires for the switched
circuit.

Relays that use more than four wires are usually variations of
this design, usually containing multiple control and switched
circuits. If a relay contains logic circuits, it is generally consid-
ered a control module, although it may still be called a relay.
Like solenoids, relays also produce an inductive kick. Automo-
tive relays may have a built-in suppression circuit consisting
of a resistor or diode placed parallel to the winding.

37
 Knowledge assessment
An On-Line Knowledge Assessment (exam) is Available for this eSelf-Study Program.

The Knowledge Assessment is required for Certification credit.

You can find this Knowledge Assessment at:

www.accessaudi.com

From the accessaudi.com Homepage:

›› Click on the “ACADEMY” tab

›› Click on the “Academy site” link
›› Click on the Course Catalog Search and select “970193 - Digital Storage Oscilloscope”

Please submit any questions or inquiries via the Academy CRC Online Support Form
which is located under the “Support” tab or the “Contact Us” tab of the Academy CRC.

Thank you for reading this eSelf-Study Program and taking the assessment.

38
39
 970193

All rights reserved.

Technical specifications subject to
change without notice.

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