MEKDELAAMBAUNI

VERSI
TY

COLLEGEOFSOCI
ALSCI
ENCEANDHUMANI
TIES

DEPARTMENTOFHI
STORYANDHERI
TAGEMANAGEMENT

AHI
STORYOFHORROBULUKWOREDAFROM 1941_
1991

ASENI
ORESSAYISSUBMITTEDTOTHEDEPARTMENTOFHI STORYANDHERITAGE
MANAGEMENTINPARTIALFULFI
LLMENT FORTHEREQUI
REMENT BACHELOROF
DEGREINARTANDHISTORYANDHERITAGEMANAGEMENT

PREPAREDBY:
GROUPPMEMBER I
D

1.
ABDIMELKAMU 1301827

2.
DEBELIFEKEDE 1302143

3.
DIRI
BASHI
FERA 1302171

4.
WEGARIGETACHO 1302902

5.
LETATESFA 1302511

ADVI
SOR:
MEBRATUBOGALE(
MA)

OCTOBER2024

TULUAWULI
YA,
ETHI
OPI
A
Tabl
eofCont
ent
s
I
ntr
oduct
ion 1
Ahi
stor
yofHor
rowor
edaf
rom 1941_
1991 1
1.
Backgr
ound 1
2.st
atementofpr
obl
em 3
3.obj
ect
iveofst
udy 5
3.
1Gener
alobj
ect
ive 5
4.Scopeoft
hest
udy 5
5.Si
gni
fi
canceofst
udy 5
6.Basi
cresear
chquest
ions 6
7.Rev
iewl
i
ter
atur
e 6
8.Met
hodol
ogy 7
9.Wor
kpl
anandbudget 8
9.
1Ti
meschedul
e 8
9.
2Budget 9
10.Bi
bli
ogr
aphy 10

i
|Page
 I
ntr
oduct
ion

Ahi
stor
yofHor
rowor
edaf
rom 1941-
1991

1.
Backgr
ound

Accor
dingt
ocur
rentadmi
nist
rat
ivear
rangementHor
roi
sone
oft
het
enwor
edasofHor
roGudur
uwal
l
agaazone,
whi
chi
s
l
ocat
edi
ntheNor
thEast
ernWol
l
ega.Hor
rowor
edai
sbounded
byAbayCommanWor
edai
neast
,Ji
mma_
Gannat
iwor
edai
n
Sout
h,HabeDongor
owor
edai
nWestandJar
dagaJar
teand
Abayv
all
eyi
nnor
th(
Ayel
oAbdi
sa,
"SeenaaAanaaHor
ro
"
,/
Waaj
j
iraAadaafTur
izi
mii
AanaaHor
ro,
Shaambuu,
2013)
.p,
1.)

Theadmi
nist
rat
ivecent
erofHor
rowor
edawasshambu
t
ownwhi
chst
il
li
nser
vingi
slocat
edatabout315ki
l
omet
res
f
rom Addi
sAbabaandatabout145ki
l
omet
resf
rom Nekemt
e.
(
Takal
aGanf
ure,
"SeenaaHundeef
amaMagaal
aaShaambuu
"
/Waaj
j
iraAadaafTur
izi
mii
Godi
naHor
roGudur
uwal
l
agaa.
Shaambuu,
2014)
.p.
60.
)

Despi
tet
hecur
rentadmi
nist
rat
ive,
thesi
teofHor
rodi
str
ict
andi
tspol
i
tical
str
uct
urewasdi
ff
erentunderdi
ff
erentr
egi
mes.
Tost
artf
rom t
hebegi
nni
ng,
thedescendant
sofHor
rocl
anhad
set
tl
edbet
weent
heAngarr
iveri
nthewestwhi
chser
vedast
he
boundar
ybet
weenJar
dagaJar
teWor
edaandAmur
uWor
eda,
andFi
nca'
ari
veri
ntheeast
.
1|Page
 Dur
ingt
heper
iodofHai
l
eSi
l
lasi
e,especi
all
ywi
tht
he
r
est
orat
ionoft
hemonar
cht
hepol
i
tical
admi
nist
rat
ionofHor
ro
wor
edawasext
ensi
vei
nsi
zeandnamedAmur
uWor
edaand
st
ret
chedasf
arast
hepr
esentdayAmur
uWor
edaand
admi
nist
eredunderGudur
uAwr
aja.
Agai
nint
heear
ly1960s
wi
tht
hear
rangementwor
edawaschangedasHor
rowor
eda
underGudur
uAwr
aja.
UnderDer
guet
headmi
nist
rat
ivesi
zeand
pol
i
tical
str
uct
ureoft
hewor
edawasr
ear
rangedandgott
he
nameJi
mma_
Hor
rodi
str
ictunderHabeDongor
oAwr
ajaunt
ili
t
gott
hepr
esentname.
Hor
rowor
edadur
ingt
hef
ir
sthal
foft
he
Der
gueper
iod.(
Inf
ormantRagasaBal
ata)
.

I
nspi
teofsuchar
rangement
sunderdi
ff
erentr
egi
mes,
thi
s
papert
ri
est
odi
scusst
hehi
stor
yoft
hear
easet
tl
edbyHor
ro
cl
ancal
l
edHor
ro_
Hor
ri
tiwhoi
nhabi
tedbet
weenFi
nca'
aand
Angarr
iveri
nbygi
vi
ngdueat
tent
iont
oHor
rowor
eda

Accor
dingt
otheMay2007publ
i
shedcensus,
thepopul
ati
on
ofHor
roWor
edawasest
imat
edt
obe103,
035ofwhi
ch59,
357
wer
emal
esand43,
678wer
efemal
es.(
Ayel
oAbdi
sa,
"Seenaa_
___
",
p,
3.)
.Howev
ert
hedat
adoesnotgi
veaddi
ti
onal
i
nfor
mat
ionaboutt
heeducat
ionandoccupat
ionbackgr
oundof
t
her
esi
dent(
Ibi
d,p,
3).

I
nthecaseofr
eli
gion,
thepeopl
eofHor
rower
ethef
oll
ower
s
oft
hedi
ff
erentFai
th.
Ast
hei
nfor
mat
ionobt
ainedf
rom v
ari
ous
r
eli
giousgr
oups,
thef
oll
ower
sofOr
thodoxChr
ist
iani
tyt
obe
2|Page
29.
6%,
Prot
est
ant35.
1%,
I
slam asest
imat
edt
obe9.
7%and
f
oll
ower
sofwaaqef
fat
aa(
skyGod)
wasest
imat
ed25.
6
%(
Inf
ormant
s;AdamaI
raqnehandTemesgenAdmash;
,
Ayel
o
Abdi
sa,
off
iceofcul
tur
eandt
our
ism ofHor
rodi
str
ict
.2013)
.

Themai
neconomi
cact
ivi
tyofhor
ropeopl
efr
om ear
li
estt
o
pr
esenthasbeenagr
icul
tur
e.i
nfor
mant
sconf
ir
medt
hatbef
ore
t
hel
andpr
ocl
amat
ionof1910.
Ther
ewasl
andpr
obl
em and
r
est
ri
cti
onandev
eryi
ndi
vi
dual
hadownedhi
sqabi
ye(l
and
owner
shi
p)l
andonwhi
chext
ensi
vef
armi
ngwas
pr
act
iced.
(Meger
saMosi
sa,
"Hi
stor
ical
sur
veyofl
andt
enur
e
sy
stem i
nLi
mmuu

2.st
atementofpr
obl
em
Di
ff
erentr
esear
chwer
econduct
edi
nhor
rowor
eda.
Mostoft
he
st
udi
est
hathav
eappear
edont
hepeopl
eoft
hedi
str
ictar
e
char
act
eri
zedbyi
mbal
anceoft
hemesandper
iodofst
udi
es.
Mostst
udi
eswer
econduct
edbysoci
ologi
sts,
agr
icul
tur
alf
iel
ds
ofst
udyandhi
stor
iansear
chi
ngdi
ff
erenthi
stor
ianl
i
ke
"
Biogr
aphyofAbi
sheGar
ba"
itst
ressedont
hel
i
fehi
stor
yof
Abi
sheGar
baandGoj
j
am i
nvader
sinhor
rowor
eda.
Thesame
wor
kofDer
ejeHi
new"
Hist
oryofOdaBul
l
uq"
itdependon
Or
omoGadasy
stem t
hatconduct
edar
oundOdaBul
l
uq.

Theot
herr
esear
cht
hatconduct
edi
nhor
rowor
edawer
e
i
ndi
genousf
orestmanagement
.especi
all
ycaat
oseckedt
ies,
by

3|Page
Lamesamar
goaswel
lasDesal
engTol
era.
Ahi
stor
yofHor
ro
Gudur
uOr
omo,
nor
theast
ernWol
l
egawhi
chdeal
showt
he
peopl
eofHor
rowor
edaaf
fect
edbyGoj
j
amei
nvader
sand
set
tl
ementpat
ter
nofHor
roOr
omo.Ther
efor
ethoser
esear
ch
l
i
stedabov
econduct
edi
ninhor
rowor
eda.
Ther
ewasagabi
n
per
iodi
cal
l
yandt
hemat
ical
l
y.Theydi
dnotst
ressanal
lround
hi
stor
yoft
hewor
edaongi
vent
imeper
iod.

Hence,
thi
sdesi
gnedr
esear
chwi
l
ltr
iet
oanal
yseahi
stor
yof
Hor
rowor
edaf
rom 1941_
1991,
basedonexi
sti
ng
l
i
ter
atur
e,ar
chi
vedmat
eri
alev
idencesandor
alsour
cei
nthe
f
ramewor
kofsoci
al,
economi
cal
,pol
i
tical
andcul
tur
alhi
stor
yof
Hor
rowor
eda.Accor
dingl
y,t
hisr
esear
chwi
l
ltr
iet
oanswert
he
f
oll
owi
ngl
eadi
ngquest
ion

1.whathi
stor
ical
event
shappenedi
nhor
rowor
edaf
rom 1941-
1991?

2.howadmi
nist
rat
ionsy
stem waschangedi
ndi
ff
erentr
egi
mes?

3.whati
tlooksl
i
ket
hesoci
oeconomi
cofHor
rowor
edadur
ing
monar
chi
cal
rul
e?

4.Whatki
ndofr
elat
ionshi
pbet
weenHor
roOr
omoandGoj
j
am
pr
inces?

5.Howcooper
ati
ve/
Zemechaswaspr
ocessedi
nhor
rodur
ing
Der
guer
egi
mes?

4|Page
3.obj
ect
iveofst
udy
3.
1Gener
alobj
ect
ive
Thegener
alobj
ect
iveoft
hisst
udi
esar
etoassesst
hesoci
al,
pol
i
tical
,economi
cal
,cul
tur
alandr
eli
gioushi
stor
yofHor
ro
wor
edaf
rom 1941_
1991.

3.
2Speci
fi
cobj
ect
ive

1.t
oexpl
ainhi
stor
ical
eventhappenedi
nhor
rowor
eda.

2.t
oexpl
aint
headmi
nist
rat
ivest
ruct
ureofHor
ro.

3.t
odi
scusst
hepastl
i
ber
ati
onadmi
nist
rat
ionsyst
em i
nhor
ro
wor
eda

4.t
oexpl
orewhati
tseemsl
i
ket
heexpl
oit
ati
onofHor
ro
peasant
.

5.t
oexpl
aint
hepopul
arr
evol
uti
oni
nhor
rowor
eda.

4.Scopeoft
hest
udy
Thi
sresear
chat
temptt
ost
udyal
lroundhi
stor
yofHor
ro
wor
eda.Thest
udi
esper
iodadapt
edf
ort
hisst
udyext
endi
ng
f
rom 1941_
1991.Theper
iodbegi
nni
ngf
rom 1941mar
chedt
he
t
imet
heI
tal
i
anoccupat
ionhascamet
oendt
het
imehor
rowas
begant
oser
veaswor
edaadmi
nist
rat
ivewhi
l
ethey
ear1991
wast
hef
all
ofDer
gandt
henewadmi
nist
rat
ivesy
stem i
nev
ery
par
tofEt
hiopi
a

5|Page
5.Si
gni
fi
canceofst
udy
Thi
sst
udywi
l
lpr
ovi
deabel
i
efandr
eli
abl
eaccountal
lthe
hi
stor
yofHor
rowor
edaf
rom 1941_
1991.St
il
lthi
sdaywedo
nothav
esoci
al,
pol
i
tical
,economi
candr
eli
giousaswel
l
or
gani
tedschol
arl
yst
udyont
hehi
stor
yofHor
rowor
eda.
So,
ther
econst
ruct
ionandexmi
neofhi
stor
yoft
hiswor
edawas
i
mpor
tant
.Thest
udywi
l
lcont
ri
but
etohi
stor
ical
knowl
edge
pr
oduct
ionf
orf
ewwor
ksandbel
i
evedt
oser
veasusef
ul
mat
eri
alf
ort
hisi
ndi
vi
dual
int
erest
edt
ocar
ryouti
ndept
h
st
udi
esoft
hehi
stor
yofHor
rowor
edai
ntheper
iod.Under
di
scussi
oni
twi
l
lcr
eat
ebet
terunder
standi
ngofsoci
al,
pol
i
tical
,
economi
cal
,cul
tur
alandr
eli
gioushi
stor
yofHor
rowor
eda.
Apar
tfr
om t
his,
thest
udyi
shopef
ulexpect
edt
opr
ovi
deanew
i
nsi
ghthi
stor
yofHor
rowor
eda.

6.Basi
cresear
chquest
ions
Thest
udyat
tempt
edt
oanswert
hef
oll
owi
ngr
esear
ch
quest
ions

1.
Howwast
hef
oundat
ionanddev
elopmentofHor
rowor
eda
1941_
1991?

2.
whatt
ypeofchangesandcont
inui
ti
eswer
eobser
vedsoci
al,
economi
c,educat
ionandcul
tur
alandr
eli
giousofHor
rowor
eda.

7.Rev
iewl
it
erat
ure
Var
iousr
esear
cherdonet
hei
rresear
chi
nhor
rowor
eda,
how

6|Page
end,
nor
esear
chwasdoneont
hehi
stor
yofHor
rowor
edai
n
gi
vent
imeper
iod:
howev
er,
myper
cept
iont
hef
oll
owi
ngwor
k
wi
l
lbei
mpor
tant
.Desal
engTol
era,
Ahi
stor
yofHor
roGudur
u
Or
omo,
nor
theast
ernWol
l
ega(
1800_
1941)i
tdeal
swi
thhow
peopl
eofHor
rowor
edaaf
fect
edbyGoj
j
amei
nvader
s.Fekede
si
l
eshi
,"Ahi
stor
ical
sur
veyofLi
mmuuOr
omoi
neast
erWol
l
ega,
1865_
1974"st
udi
est
hegener
alsur
veyofOr
omomecha
ex
pansi
ont
oHor
rowor
edaandt
hei
rimpact
sont
hepr
eOr
omo
i
nhabi
tedi
nhor
rowor
eda.Af
tert
heyoccupi
edar
eahol
dsas
qabi
ye/
landowner
shi
p.i
thel
past
oaddr
esshor
roOr
omohol
ds
t
hei
rqabi
yel
and.

Ahi
stor
yofOdaabul
ukbyDer
ejeHi
new,
hest
udyanOr
omo
Gadasy
stem t
hatconduct
edar
oundOdaBul
l
uq.Bi
ogr
aphyof
Abi
sheGar
bai
tst
ressedont
hel
i
fehi
stor
yofAbi
sheGar
baand
Goj
j
am i
nvader
sinhor
rowor
eda.Al
emushui
e,"
Wol
l
egadur
ing
t
heI
tal
i
anoccupat
ion1936-
1941"
hedescr
ibedhowGoj
j
ame
camebei
ngandi
nfl
uenceOr
omocul
tur
alt
radi
ti
onsandhow
t
henaf
tegnoccupi
edWol
l
ega.I
naddi
ti
on,
booksandar
chi
ved
mat
eri
alsathor
rowor
edacul
tur
eandt
our
ism br
euewi
l
lbe
consul
tedandut
il
ized.Ther
eisnowr
it
tenev
idenceont
heal
l
r
oundhi
stor
yofHor
rowor
eda.Whatt
headmi
nist
rat
ionsy
stem
ofdi
ff
erentr
egi
me.Thi
sresear
chwi
l
lal
sodi
scusst
he
i
nter
act
ionr
elat
ionshi
pamongeconomi
c,cul
tur
e,soci
aland
pol
i
tical
int
eract
ioni
ngi
vent
imei
nhor
rowor
eda

7|Page
8.Met
hodol
ogy
Toachi
evet
hepl
annedr
esear
chsuccessf
ul,
ther
esear
cher
desi
gnedt
ousedi
ff
erentmet
hodsi
ncol
l
ect
ingandanal
ysi
ng
sour
cesf
ort
her
econst
ruct
ionofhi
stor
yoft
heHor
rowor
eda.
Resear
cherusedqual
i
tat
ivemet
hodast
hepr
imar
ymeansof
dat
aanal
ysi
s.Ther
ewi
l
lbecar
eful
anal
ysi
sandi
nter
pret
ati
onof
t
hecol
l
ect
eddat
a.

Fr
ist
,ext
ensi
vel
i
brar
yresear
chwi
l
lbeconduct
edi
not
hert
o
gat
heri
nfor
mat
ionf
rom bot
hpubl
i
shedandUnpubl
i
shed
sour
ces.Ar
chi
veandot
herof
fi
ci
aldocument
sfr
om muni
cipal
t
ownwi
l
lbeused.Secondar
y,i
nter
viewi
ngel
der
sandt
hewel
l
knownper
sons,
whoar
eli
vi
ngi
nhor
rowor
edawi
l
lbe
i
nter
viewed.Theor
alt
radi
ti
onwhi
chi
sobt
ainedf
rom
i
nfor
mant
swi
l
lbecr
osscheckedwhi
tht
heexi
sti
ngi
nfor
mat
ion
ofwr
it
tenmat
eri
als.

9.Wor
kpl
anandbudget
9.
1Ti
meschedul
e

S.
N Ti
meschedul
e
o
Act
ivi
ti
es

June Jul
y Augus Sept
emb Nov
emb
t er er

1 Sel
ect
ionoft
hest
udy x

8|Page
2 Pr
obl
em i
dent
if
icat
ion x

3 Desi
gni
ngt
ost
udy x

4 Resear
ch pr
oposal x
wr
it
ing

5 Dat
a col
l
ect
ion,dat
a
anal
ysi
s and
x
i
nter
pret
ati
on

6 Wri
ti
ngthefi
rstdr
aft X
ofr
esear
ch

7 Wri
ti
ng t he fi
nal x
r
esearchpaper

8 Submitti
ng t
he
resear
chrepor
t

9.
2Budget

S.
NO I
tems Uni
ts Quant
it
ie Uni
t Tot
alcost

s cost

9|Page
1 Paper
s Pi
eces 150 4 600

2 Not
ebooks Pi
eces 2 70 140

3 Pen Pi
eces 10 10 100

4 Penci
l Pi
eces 8 10 80

5 Bi
ndi
ng Pi
eces 20 4 80

6 Copy
ing Pi
eces 50 5 250

7 Pr
int
ing Pi
eces 70 50 3500

8 Ot
her - - 250

expense

9 Tot
al - - 5000.
00

10|Page
 10.Bi
bli
ogr
aphy
• Gi
nbarNager
a,"
Biogr
aphyofAbi
sheGar
ba

• Der
jeHi
new,
"Ahi
stor
yofOdaabul
uk

• Desal
engTol
era,
"Ahi
stor
yofHor
roGudur
uOr
omo,
nor
th
east
ernWol
l
ega

• Fekedesi
l
eshi
,"Ahi
stor
ical
sur
veyofLi
mmuuOr
omoi
n
east
erWol
l
ega

• Lamesamar
go,
"Indi
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Tur
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Shaambuu.2013.

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2014)
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