1/7/25, 2:35 PM Cannabis indica - Wikipedia

Cannabis indica
Cannabis indica is an annual plant species in the family Cannabaceae[1] indigenous to the Hindu Kush
mountains of Southern Asia.[2] The plant produces large amounts of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)[3] and Cannabis indica
tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), with total cannabinoid levels being as high as 53.7%.[4] It is now widely
grown in China, India, Nepal, Thailand, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, as well as southern and western
Africa,[5] and is cultivated for purposes including hashish in India. The high concentrations of THC or
THCV provide euphoric effects making it popular for use for several purposes such as recreational drugs,
clinical research drugs and the potential of Cannabis or selected constituents for new drug research or
being used in alternative medicine, among many others.[6][7][8]

Taxonomy Purple Kush

Scientific classification
In 1785, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck published a description of a second species of Cannabis, which he named
Cannabis indica. Lamarck based his description of the newly named species on plant specimens collected Kingdom: Plantae
in India. Richard Evans Schultes described C. indica as relatively short, conical, and densely branched, Clade: Tracheophytes
whereas C. sativa was described as tall and laxly branched.[9] Loran C. Anderson described C. indica plants
Clade: Angiosperms
as having short, broad leaflets whereas those of C. sativa were characterized as relatively long and
narrow.[10][11] C. indica plants conforming to Schultes's and Anderson's descriptions originated from the Clade: Eudicots
Hindu Kush mountain range. Because of the often harsh and variable climate of those parts (extremely Clade: Rosids
cold winters and warm summers), C. indica is well-suited for cultivation in temperate climates.[12]
Order: Rosales
The specific epithet indica is Latin for "of India" and has come to be synonymous with the cannabis Family: Cannabaceae
strain.[13]
Genus: Cannabis
There was very little debate about the taxonomy of Cannabis until the 1970s, when botanists like Richard Species: C. indica
Evans Schultes began testifying in court on behalf of accused persons who sought to avoid criminal charges
Binomial name
of possession of C. sativa by arguing that the plant material could instead be C. indica.[14]
Cannabis indica
Lam.
Cultivation
Broad-leafed C. indica plants in the Indian Subcontinent are traditionally cultivated for the production of charas, a form of hashish.
Pharmacologically, C. indica landraces tend to have higher THC content than C. sativa strains.[15][16] Some users report more of a "stoned"
feeling and less of a "high" from C. indica when compared to C. sativa. (The terms sativa and indica, used in this sense, are more appropriately
termed "narrow-leaflet" and "wide-leaflet" drug type, respectively.)[17] The C. indica high is often referred to as a "body buzz" and has beneficial
properties such as pain relief in addition to being an effective treatment for insomnia and an anxiolytic, as opposed to C. sativa's more common
reports of a cerebral, creative and energetic high, and even (albeit rarely) including hallucinations.[18] Differences in the terpenoid content of the
essential oil may account for some of these differences in effect.[19][20] Common C. indica strains for recreational or medicinal use include Kush
and Northern Lights.[21][22]

A recent genetic analysis included both the narrow-leaflet and wide-leaflet drug "biotypes" under C. indica, as well as southern and eastern Asian
hemp (fiber/seed) landraces and wild Himalayan populations.[23]

Genome

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In 2011, a team of Canadian researchers led by Andrew Sud announced that they had sequenced a draft genome of the Purple Kush strain of
C. indica.[24]

Gallery

Seedling Broad leaf C. indica flowering Comparison of

References
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s.google.com/books?id=rnwwxoOb3gUC&pg=RA1-PA256). Van (http://www.bio.fsu.edu/faculty-anderson.php)
Patten. p. 256. ISBN 9781878823298. 12. "How to Grow Marijuana in Sub-tropical and Temperate Climates"
2. Duvall, Chris (1999). Cannabis (https://books.google.com/books?id (https://www.marijuana-seeds.nl/blog/how-to-grow-marijuana-in-sub
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s://www.webmd.com/mental-health/addiction/indica-vs-sativa-whats ulture/indica/). Dictionary.com. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
-the-difference). WebMD. Retrieved 2024-10-31. 14. Bosse, Jocelyn (2020). "Before the High Court: the legal
4. Boehnke, Kevin F.; Scott, J. Ryan; Litinas, Evangelos; Sisley, systematics of Cannabis" (https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1
Suzanne; Williams, David A.; Clauw, Daniel J. (2020-05-01). "High- 080/10383441.2020.1804671). Griffith Law Review. 29 (2): 302–
Frequency Medical Cannabis Use Is Associated With Worse Pain 329. doi:10.1080/10383441.2020.1804671 (https://doi.org/10.108
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doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2019.09.006 (https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jpain.2 15. Fischedick, Justin Thomas; Hazekamp, Arno; Erkelens, Tjalling;
019.09.006). ISSN 1526-5900 (https://search.worldcat.org/issn/152 Choi, Young Hae; Verpoorte, Rob (December 2010). "Metabolic
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PMC7089844). PMID 31560957 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3 for chemotaxonomic and drug standardization purposes".
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rpusID:32469533). s://doi.org/10.3732%2Fajb.91.6.966). American Journal of Botany.
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Clinical Trials for Sativex" (https://multiplesclerosisnewstoday.com/n 2%2Fajb.91.6.966). PMID 21653452 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.g
ews-posts/2021/01/13/gw-pharma-recruitment-pivotal-trials-sativex- ov/21653452).
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Retrieved 15 October 2021. December 2010. <http://www.channels.nl/knowledge/25700.html
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gov/compound/93147). pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved channels.nl/knowledge/25700.html) 2014-11-16 at the Wayback
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8. Abioye, Amos; Ayodele, Oladapo; Marinkovic, Aleksandra; Patidar, 18. "Difference Marijuana Cannabis Sativa and Indica, Sativa or Indica
Risha; Akinwekomi, Adeola; Sanyaolu, Adekunle (2020-01-31). "Δ9- Marijuana Seed Strains" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120512095
Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV): a commentary on potential 549/http://www.amsterdammarijuanaseedbank.com/Growguides/ge
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tps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7819335). Journal of Marijuana Seeds Seed Bank. Archived from the original (http://www.
Cannabis Research. 2 (1): 6. doi:10.1186/s42238-020-0016-7 (http amsterdammarijuanaseedbank.com/Growguides/general-marijuana
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ps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33526143). extracts: greater than the sum of their parts?". Journal of Cannabis
9. Richard Evans Schultes; William M. Klein; Timothy Plowman & Tom Therapeutics. 1 (3/4): 103–132. doi:10.1300/J175v01n03_08 (http
E. Lockwood (1974). "Cannabis: an example of taxonomic neglect" s://doi.org/10.1300%2FJ175v01n03_08).
(http://wlbcenter.org/Schultes%20Publications/BotMusLeaf_23_337 20. Karl W. Hillig (2004). "A chemotaxonomic analysis of terpenoid
-367.pdf) (PDF). Harvard University Botanical Museum Leaflets. 23 variation in Cannabis". Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 32
(9): 337–367. doi:10.5962/p.168565 (https://doi.org/10.5962%2Fp.1 (10): 875–891. Bibcode:2004BioSE..32..875H (https://ui.adsabs.har
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10. Loran C. Anderson (1980). "Leaf variation among Cannabis species (https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.bse.2004.04.004).
from a controlled garden" (https://archive.org/details/cbarchive_107 21. "Northern Lights aka NL Weed Strain Information" (https://www.leafl
150_leafvariationamongcannabisspec9999). Harvard University y.com/strains/northern-lights). Leafly. Retrieved 2023-02-18.
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(Cannabaceae)". Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. 52 (2): doi:10.1186/gb-2011-12-10-r102 (https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fgb-201
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External links
Media related to Cannabis indica at Wikimedia Commons
Cannabis portal
Popular Indica Marijuana Strains (https://www.marijuana-guides.com/strains/indica/)
Four full pages of photos of cannabis cultivation in Morocco (Rif) (https://web.archive.org/web/20100922182950/http://
geopium.org/Photos/Maroc_Rif2005/Maroc_Rif2005.htm) on geopium.org
Photos of Indica cannabis availability in Canada (Rif) (https://web.archive.org/web/20100922182950/http://geopium.org/Photos/Maroc_Rif200
5/Maroc_Rif2005.htm)
Trending Indica Cannabis Strains (https://bestbudseedbank.com/cannabis-seeds/indica/)

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