GUION PRESENTACIÓN ORAL

GUION PRESENTACIÓN ORAL

A: Hello, my name is Alejandra
E: My name is Elisa
P: And my name is Pablo
A: And today we’re going to talk about the Modern Era
P: But first of all, you may be wondering what is the Modern Era *paso de diapostiva*
The Modern Era is a period in history that started in 1789 and hasn’t ended yet, we
are currently still living in it
E: We want to highlight three important moments within this era: French revolution,
World War 1 and World War 2. *paso de diapositiva*
A: The structure will be this: first of all, we will talk about what happened, then about
when and where it happened
P: Then, we will name some important figures of that event and how did they
contribute, after that, we’ll do a timeline of events.
E: Then, we will talk about how it changed history and, lastly, some conclusions.

FRENCH REVOLUTION (ELISA)

E: First, I’m going to talk about the French Revolution. It was a transformative period
in French history, marking the end of monarchy and the rise of republicanism. It was
initially driven by the financial crisis and social inequality.

*paso de diapositiva* It began in 1789, and ended in 1799. It happened

predominantly in Paris, France. Some key events also occurred across the
countryside, and some ideas spread across Europe and beyond.

*paso de diapositiva* These are the most important figures during this period: Louis
XVI: The last king of France before the fall of the monarchy, executed in 1793. Marie
Antoinette: Queen of France, also executed during the revolution. She is known for
saying the quote “Let them eat cake”. Jean-Paul Marat: A radical journalist and
political figure. Napoleon Bonaparte: Emerged as a military leader and later became
Emperor of France

*paso de diapositiva* This is the timeline of events that happened. 1789: The
National Assembly is formed; Bastille is stormed on July 14; feudal privileges
abolished; Declaration of the Rights of Man adopted. 1791: The royal family failed to
escape, the first constitution is established. 1792: France becomes a Republic,
Monarchy abolished 1793-1794: Reign of Terror led by Robespierre, mass execution
of perceived enemies of the revolution. 1799: Napoleon overthrows the government,
making the ended of the French Revolution and the beginning of the Consulate.

*paso de diapositiva* The revolution supposed multiple changed in several ways:

Political changes, overthrowned monarchy and rise of Napoleon Bonaparte
Social changes: feudal system abolished, lower classes are now less oppressed
Economic changes: nationalization of the Church property which was used to pay off
the national debt
Cultural changes: modern and revolutionary ideas such as liberty, equality and
fraternity

WORLD WAR I (PABLO)

P: Now, I’m gonna talk about the WW1.
WW1, also called “the Great War”. It started after the murder of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand, the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary. The war pitted the Central
Powers—mainly Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey—against the Allies—mainly
France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan, and the United States. It ended with the
defeat of the Central Powers. Over 10 million people passed away and there were
more than 20 million people that were hurt.

*paso diaspositiva* It officially started the 28th of July 1914 and it ended the 11th of
November, 1918. It mainly took place in Europe, this are the main battles and where
they happened. 1. First Battle of the Marne, France. 2. Gallipoli, Istanbul. 3.
Jutland: Near the Denmark’s Jutland Peninsula.

*paso diapositiva* These were some of the pivotal and most crutial figures of WW1:
Woodrow Wilson, he is the 28th American president, and the president during that
time, he kept USA initial at first, but eventually led the country into the war in 1917.
Wilson proposed his "Fourteen Points," a series of diplomatic principles for world
peace, to the Paris Peace Conference following the war's end. In 1920, Wilson was
awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts towards world peace. Ferdinand Foch:
a Marshal of France, he was the Supreme commander of the Allied forces during the
last months of the WW1. Archduke Franz Ferdinand: His assassination in 1914 is
considered the unofficial beginning of the war, his dead set off a chain of huge
events that lead to the war. Kaiser Wilhelm II: he was the last German emperor. After
the assassination of Franz Ferdinand he encouraged Austria-Hungary to take action
against Serbia. Although he was military leader of the German army, the real power
lay with the generals. He was forced to abdicate the throne in 1918.

*paso diapositiva* This is the timeline of the war:1914 - Archduke Franz Ferdinand of
Austria and his wife, Sophie, are assassinated. Austia-hungary declares war to
Serbia, beginning WW1. 1916 - Battle of Verdum began, over 300 000 French
people were killed. July first, 1916 was the bloodiest day in the history of the British
army, with over 20 000 dead people. 1917: US declared wars on Germany. 1918:
Russia declared peace with the Central powers after signing the Treaty of
Brest-Litovsk. Germany began its final offensive, then doubts whether to continue
the war as there is no point in doing so anymore. This is considered the year the war
ended after Germany signed the Armistice at Compiègne. 1919: Treaty of Versailles
was signed in order to punish Germany and prevent any other war for happening, it
did not take effect until January 1920.

*paso diapositiva* WW1 changed history in several ways: First of all, Human cost.
Over 15 million people died, and an entire generation of young men was wiped
away, by 1920, there were 15 woman for every man, imagine how many writers,
inventors or crucial politicians were lost. Second of all, it changed the countries that
were involved. It led to the Russian Revolution, the collapse of the German Empire
and the collapse of the Habsburg Monarchy, and it led to the restructuring of the
political order in Europe and the Middle East. It also affected the technology: new
communication inventions and weapons were developed. Lastly, it affected the
economy: the war caused several financial impact, leading to the Great Depression
years later, the cost of the reparations were not cheap whatsoever.

WORLD WAR II (ALEJANDRA)

World War II, started in 1939, when Germany invaded Poland, and countries like
Britain and France declared war on Germany. It was a huge conflict between two
groups: The Allies (U.S, Soviet Union and Britain) and the Axis (Germany, Italy and
Japan). Many battles happened, millions of people suffered, and terrible events like
the holocaust occurred. Around 80 million people died and many more were injured.

It officially started on september 1, 1939 and the war ended on september 2, 1945,
after Japan surrendered because of atomic bombs of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.The
second world war happened mainly in Europe, the pacific, north africa and parts of
Asia.

In world war II, several key figures played crucial roles in shaping the events. Their
decisions and actions influenced battles, strategies, and the lives of millions around
the world.
-​ Adolf hitler (germany) : leader of nazi germany, started the war by invading
poland and caused the holocaust.
-​ Winston churchill (britain): British Prime Minister who helped lead the Allies to
victory, helping Britain resist germany.
-​ Franklin D. Roosevelt (USA): U.S president who led the country through most
of the war and supported the Allies with troops and resources.
-​ Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union): Soviet leader who played un key role in
defeating Germany on the Eastern Front.
Here’s a timeline of world war II:
1.​ 1939- germany invades poland (september 1), Britain and France declare war
(september 3)
2.​ 1940- germany invades france and other european countries; battle of britain
begins
3.​ 191- germany attacks the soviet union (june); Japan bombs and the U.S.
enters the war (december 7)
4.​ 1942- Allied victories at Stalingrad and Midway turn the war in their favor
5.​ 1943- germany loses at stalingrad; italy surrenders to the Allies
6.​ 1944- D-day invasion of normandy (june 6), Allies librate France
7.​ 1945-Germany surrenders (may 7); atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and
Nagasaki (august); Japan surrenders (september 2), ending the war, (the
allies won the war)

World War ll caused big changes in many areas.

-Cities: many cities in Europe and Asia were destroyed and have to be rebuilt after
the war, for example Berlin and London
-Economy: countries focused on producing things for the war and later worked on
rebuilding industries and restarting trade.
-Technology: new technologies like radar, jet engines, and nuclear power were
created
-Medicine: Medical advances, like antibiotics, penicillin helped treat infections and
saves countless lives during and after the war.

P: I think, after all we've said, we can sum up the modern era by saying that the
modern age has been defined by the unstoppable search of freedom, innovation and
change
A: Yes, the world wars, along the french revolution, played a major role in this period,
leading to political and technological progress