PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS, PAST PERFECT

AND PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

1. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
- nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian của một hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ và tiếp tục tới hiện tại (có thể
tiếp diễn trong tương lai).
(+) S + have/has + been + Ving
(-): S + have/has + not + been + V-ing
(?): Have/has + S + been + V-ing?
*Dấu hiệu:
- những động từ chỉ sự việc có tính chất lâu dài (work, live, study, learn…)
- all day/week....
- almost every day this week...
- in the past year...
- since, for, for long time, almost every day this week, recently, lately, in the past week, in recent years,
up until now, and so far, at the moment.
2. Thì quá khứ hoàn thành
- diễn tả những hành động xảy ra và hoàn thành trước hành động khác trong quá khứ.
- Diễn rả hành động đã xảy ra và hoàn thành trước một thời điểm (một hành động khác) đã xảy ra trong
quá khứ.
(+) S + had + V(pp)
(-): S + had + not + V(pp)
(?): Had + S + V(pp)?
* Dấu hiệu:
- before/by the time (trước chia quá khứ hoàn thành, sau chia quá khứ đơn).
- after (trước chia quá khứ đơn, sau chia quá khứ hoàn thành).
- Until then, before, after, prior to that time, by the time, for, as soon as, by, ...When, when by, by the end
of + time in the past …
3. Thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn
- nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian của một hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khử và kết thúc trước một
hành động khác.quá khứ .
- Diễn rả hành động đã xảy ra và hoàn thành trước một thời điểm (một hành động khác) đã xảy ra trong
quá khứ
(+) S + had + been + Ving
(-): S + had + not + been + Ving
(?): Had + S + been + Ving?
* Dấu hiệu:
- until then ,...
- prior to that time,...
PRACTICE:
Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word in the brackets.
1. She (work) ……………………………….. here for five years.
2. I (study) ……………………………….. all day.
3. You (eat) ……………………………….. a lot recently.
4. We (live) ……………………………….. in London for six months.
5. He (play) ……………………………….. football, so he's tired.
6. They (learn) ……………………………….. English for two years.
7. My mom (cook) ……………………………….. so the kitchen is really hot.
8. She (go) ……………………………….. to the cinema every weekend for years.
9. It (rain) ……………………………….. so the pavement is wet.
10. You (sleep) ……………………………….. for twelve hours.
11. I (not/work) ……………………………….. today.
12. You (not/eat) ……………………………….. well recently.
13. We (not/exercise) ……………………………….. enough.
14. She (not/study) ………………………………..
15. They (not/live) ……………………………….. here for very long.
16. It (not/snow) ………………………………...
17. He (not/play) ……………………………….. football for five years.
18. We (not/drink) ……………………………….. enough water, that's why we feel tired.
19. I (not/sleep) ……………………………….., I was reading.
20. They (not/watch) ……………………………….. TV much recently.
21. He (work) ……………………………….. in this company since 1985.
22. I (wait) ……………………………….. for you since two o'clock.
23. Mary (live) ……………………………….. in Germany since 1992.
24. Why is he so tired? He (play) ……………………………….. tennis for five hours.
25. How long (you/learn) ……………………………….. English?
26. We (look for) ……………………………….. the motorway for more than an hour.
27. I (live) ……………………………….. without electricity for two weeks.
28. The film (not/run) ……………………………….. for ten minutes yet, but there's a commercial
break already.
29. How long (she/work) ……………………………….. in the garden?
30. She (not/be) ……………………………….. in the garden for more than an hour.
31. I'm bored. It (rain) ……………………………….. for hours so I can't go out.
32. (You/use) ……………………………….. my computer again?
33. My neighbour's children (argue) ……………………………….. all morning.
34. You (not study) ……………………………….. for the maths exam.
35. Mel looks really tired. (she/work) ……………………………….. all night?
36. The kitchen's a mess because we (make) ……………………………….. a birthday cake for Dad.
37. I (read) ……………………………….. an interesting book about the history of computers.
38. Jim (not do) ……………………………….. his homework. He's been texting his friends.
39. I (work) ……………………………….. all day, so I didn't want to go out.
40. She (sleep) ……………………………….. for ten hours when I woke her up.
41. They (live) ……………………………….. in Beijing for three years when he lost his job.
42. By the time we met, he (work) ……………………………….. at that company for six months.
43. We (eat) ……………………………….. all day, so we were full.
44. He was red in the face because he (run) ………………………………..
45. .It (rain) ……………………………….. and the road was covered in water.
46. I was really tired because I (study) ………………………………..
47. We (date) ……………………………….. three years before we got married.
48. It (snow) ……………………………….. for three days.
49. We (sleep) ……………………………….. for 12 hours when he woke us up.
50. They (wait) ……………………………….. at the station for 90 minutes when the train finally
arrived.
51. By 9 p.m yesterday, we (chat) ……………………………….. for two hours.
52. I (not/walk) ……………………………….. for a long time when the speed walking contest was
organized.
53. How long (learn/she) ……………………………….. English before she went to London?
54. Frank caught the flu because he (sing) ……………………………….. in the rain for too long.
55. He (drive) ……………………………….. for less than an hour by the time his car ran out of
petrol.
56. They were very tired in the evening because they (help) ……………………………….. on the
farm all day.
57. I (not/work) ……………………………….. all day; so I wasn't tired and went to the disco at
night.
58. They (cycle) ……………………………….. all day so their legs were sore in the evening.
59. They (go) ……………..home after they (finish) ………………… their work.
60. She said that she (already, see) ……………………. Dr. Rice.
61. After taking a bath, he (go) ………………………….. to bed.
62. He told me he (not/eat) ………………………… such kind of food before.
63. When he came to the stadium, the match (already/ begin) ………………………………….
64. Before she (watch) ………………….. TV, she (do) ………………. homework.
65. What (he/ do) ……………. before he went to the airport?
66. After they (go) ………………………, I (sit) ……………….. down and (watch)………….TV
67. Yesterday, John (go) ………………….. to the store before he (go) ………………… home.
68. She (win) ………………………. the gold medal in 1986.
Exercise 2: Rewrite he sentences by using the given words.
1. David had gone home before we arrived.
=> After…………………………………………………………………………………….
2. We had lunch then we took a look around the shops.
=> Before……………………………………………………………………………………
3. The light had gone out before we got out of the office.
=> When…………………………………………………………………………………….
4. After she had explained everything clearly, we started our work.
=> By the time …………………………………………………………………………….
5. My father had watered all the plants in the garden by the time my mother came home.
=> Before………………………………………………………………………………….
Exercise 3: Find mistakes in the following sentences and correct them.
1. Before they came to visit my grandparents, I have already cleaned the house.
2. After Jimmy had gone home, I was doing the shopping.
3. She had come to the cinema before I do.
4. When they arrived, John goes away.
5. I had prepared for the exam and am ready to do well.
EXTRA EXERCISE
Exercise 4: Complete the following sentences using the present perfect continuous forms of the verbs
in brackets.
Question 1: He_____(wait) all the morning.
Question 2: Richard_____(do) the same job for 20 years.
Question 3: I_____(study) English for six months.
Question 4: Mike_____(work) in Las Vegas for the last few months.
Question 5: It_____(rain) since lunchtime.
Question 6: Helen_____(read) this book for three days.
Question 7: Kevin_____(look) for a job since he finished school.
Question 8: I’m tired of waiting. I_____(sit) here for one hour.
Question 9: He is exhausted because he_____(work) continuously for more than twelve hours.
Question 10: She_____(sleep) for 10 hours! You must wake her.
Question 11: He_____(read) this book for two hours, but he hasn’t finished it yet.
Question 12: That boy_____(wait) for the bus for half an hour. Shall I tell him that the last bus has
already gone?
Question 13: They_____(argue) very excitedly all this time. Shall I come and interrupt them?
Question 14: What have you done with my bag? I_____(look) for it for an hour and I haven’t found it
yet.
Question 15: I_____(think) over what you said since yesterday.
Exercise 9: Complete the following sentences using the past perfect forms of the verbs in brackets.
Question 1: Before Sarah arrived, Eric_____(go) home.
Question 2: When Jane arrived at the theater, the film_____(start).
Question 3 : He thanked me for everything I_____(do) for him.
Question 4: After Angelia_____(eat) the cake, she began to feel sick.
Question 5 : When he went out to play, he_____(do already) his homework.
Question 6 : They_____(be) married for two years or so when Roy employed a very attractive Indian
secretary in his Glasgow office.
Question 7 : Linda_____(not study) for the exam, so she was very anxious.
Question 8 : I couldn’t go into the cinema because I_____(not bring) my tickets.
Question 9 : The man sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. He never _____(fly) before.
Question 10 : The tornado knocked down the tree that we_____(plant).
Question 11 : Laura_____(not/use) smartphone before, so I showed her how to use it.
Question 12 : We weren’t hungry. We_____(just have) lunch.
Question 13 : We didn’t really want to go and see the film again. We_____(already see) it twice - so we
said “no” and we went to a shopping mall instead!
Question 14 : When thieves stole my favorite feather wallet, I was really upset. I _____(have) it for
over five years.
Question 15 : Before going to the meeting, he_____(consult) with his lawyers.
Exercise 10 : Complete the following sentences using the past perfect continuous forms of the verbs
in brackets.
Question 1 : We_____(play) tennis for about an hour when it started to rain heavily.
Question 2 : I was very tired when I got home. I_____(work) hard all day.
Question 3 : At last the bus came. He_____(wait) for 20 minutes.
Question 4 : Jim quit drinking coffee two years ago. He_____(drink) coffee for 20 years.
Question 5 : She was out of breath. She_____(run).
Question 6 : It wasn’t raining when we went out. The sun was shining. But it_____ (rain), so the ground
was wet.
Question 7 : We were extremely tired at the end of our trip. We_____(travel) for more than 24 hours.
Question 8 : I was exhausted at the end of the test. I_____(write) for over three hours.
Question 9 : The orchestra_____(play) for 30 minutes when a man in audience suddenly began
shouting.
Question 10 : At the time the factory closed down, Sarah_____(work) there for five years.
Question 11 : - She_____(watch) TV for 4 hours before she went to eat dinner?
Question 12 : She was very upset because I was late and she _____(wait) for a very long time.
Question 13 : When the boys came into the house, their clothes were dirty, their hair was messy and
one of them had a black eye. They_____(fight).
Question 14 : It was a bit discomfort to arrive at their house and found Liz looking so depressed. I think
she_____(cry) before I got there.
Question 15 : I_____(learn) Germany for 4 years and then decided to give it up.
Complete the sentences with the past simple or present perfect form of the verb in the box.

buy go not learn not speak

start take travel

1 I ……started…… learning French last year.

2 We ……………. English since yesterday.
3 ……………. you ever ……………. to Australia?
4 Where ……………. you ……………. on your last holiday?
5 Daniel ……………. just ……………. his final English exam.
6 Mum ……………. me a Spanish dictionary at the beginning of term.
7 I ……………. all the topics for the test yet.
Find and correct the mistakes in the sentences and questions.
1 I have arrived at the airport at 8 o’clock.
……I arrived at the airport at 8 o’clock. ……
2 How many mistakes have you made in yesterday’s test?
………………………………………..
3 I just bought a new dictionary.
………………………………………..
4 We have seen lots of interesting places when we were in Rome.
………………………………………..
5 Were you to Australia?
………………………………………..
6 Gemma hasn’t known the meaning of the word.
………………………………………..
7 They didn’t see their cousins since last year.
………………………………………..
Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets in the present perfect simple or the present
perfect continuous. Then choose the correct option in each sentence.
1 I ……have been studying…… (study) English for / since five years.
2 I ……………… never ……………… (go) to a fashion show / spectacle.
3 I ……………………………… (build) model airplanes since / for I was a kid.
4 I ……………………………… (be) interested in fashion since / for I started school.
5 We ……………………………… (sit) in this room since / for hours.
6 I ……………………………… (not buy) any clothes this / these month.
7 We ……………………………… (come) to this school since / for more than five years.
8 I never ……………………………… (wear) something just because I saw a famous /
celebrity wearing it.
Put a tick (✓) if the sentence is correct or a cross (✗) if it is incorrect. Correct the mistakes.
1 Erin doesn’t sell her house yet. ✗
……Erin hasn’t sold her house yet. ……
2 I am wearing these silly shoes all day. ……
……………………………………………………
3 I’ve never understood why people wear those clothes. ……
……………………………………………………
4 Lewis has been breaking three mobile phones this year. ……
……………………………………………………
5 I study design for three years. ……
……………………………………………………
6 I’m so tired. I’ve been playing hockey. ……
……………………………………………………
Choose the correct answer.
1. I’d only…………………… the washing-up for a few minutes when Clare came home, so she offered
to finish it.
A. done B. been doing
2. Had you already………………. James his birthday present when we gave him ours?
A. given B. been giving
3. Gail hadn’t……………….. me that she would help me, so I wasn’t angry when she didn’t.
A. told B. been telling
4. Mum had……………….. her cup of tea for several minutes before she realised it had salt in it!
A. drunk B. been drinking
5. We’d…………………….. ready all day when they called to say the party had been cancelled.
A. got B. been getting
6. It was a fantastic experience because I’d never………………. in a plane before.
A. flown B. been flying