The principles of power system protection include:
Reliability: The protective system should be reliable.
Selectivity: The protective system should be selective.
Fastness of operation: The protective system should operate quickly.
Discrimination: The protective system should be able to discriminate.
Protection zones: The power system should have defined protection zones
for different equipment, such as generators, transformers, buses, and
transmission lines.
Overlapping zones: Adjacent protection zones should overlap to provide full
coverage and avoid blind spots.
Backup protection: If primary protection fails, backup protection should take
over.
Fault detection: The system should detect problems in power system
components.
Fault isolation: The system should isolate faulty equipment.
Some key elements of a protection system include: