MODULE 5

EIA CASE STUDY OF HIGHWAY PROJECT

REHABILITATION AND UP-GRADATION FROM EXISTING 2 LANE TO 4 LANE FROM

SOLAPUR TO YEDESHI SECTION OF NH-211 FROM KM 0.000 TO KM 100.000 AND FROM
KM 249.000 TO KM 255.00 OF NH-9 IN THE STATE OF MAHARASHTRA

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

 The project includes sections of two National Highways, Namely NH-211 and NH-9 which
converge at Sholapur town in the state of Maharashtra.
 The proposed project is widening of highway section from existing 2 lane to 4-Lane dual
carriageway configuration from Km 0.000 to Km 100.00 of NH-211 and from Km 249.000 to
km 255.000 of NH-9 covering a total length of 106 km. The proposed project also includes 2
bypasses and 7 major realignments which are listed below
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT

 The new 4-Lane facility would be partial access controlled corridor through:
 Provision of service roads
 Pedestrian and cattle underpass
 Vehicular underpasses
 Grade separators
 Exit/entry ramps etc.
 Vehicular underpasses Pedestrian and cattle underpass
POLICIES, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

Since the project section is greater than 30 Km and would involve additional RoW greater than 20m at
many locations , the highway project attracts the provision of Environmental Impact Assessment
Notification, 2006.

 CENTRAL GOVERNMENT IN THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FOREST

(MOEF)
o Moreover the proposed project has been classified as CATEGORY A project, and hence
the project requires prior Environmental Clearance from the Central Government in the
Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF), Govt. of India
 FOREST DEPARTMENT
o The widening of project section will involve cutting of roadside trees, and hence
permission for cutting of trees from respective would be required.
o The project stretch falls within 10 Km radius from the boundaries of Wildlife Sanctuaries,
namely The Great Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary in Solapur district and Yedshi
Ramling Wildlife Sanctuary of Osmanabad district.
 NATIONAL BOARD FOR WILDLIFE (NBWL):
o Although, The project stretch is located outside the boundary on these Wildlife
Sanctuaries and does not involve any kind of land acquisition, still the wildlife clearance
would be required by the National Board for wildlife (NBWL) as per condition stipulated
by the MoEF for the project requiring prior environmental clearance from MoEF.
 POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD UNDER AIR AND WATER ACT :
o During construction period the concessionaires will have to obtain NOC from respective
Pollution Control Board under Air and Water Act for establishing and operating their
stone crushers, Hot mix Plant and batch mix plant.
o Explosive license for storing oils.
o Permission for storage of hazardous chemicals.
o Quarry lease and quarry license for opening and operating stone and sand quarry.
 CENTRAL GROUND WATER AUTHORITY
o Permission for extraction of ground water for use in road construction activities from
Central Ground Water Authority.
  LINE DEPARTMENT and LABOUR LICENSE
o Permission for use of surface water for construction purpose from line department;
Labour license, etc. as applicable

DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

 As defined in the Terms of Reference (TOR), baseline data on various physical, biological and
social aspects has been collected, analyzed and compiled in order to get the picture of the
existing environment condition in the project area.
 The data on different environmental components were collected and collated based on
secondary data from authentic sources, ground truthing followed by actual field surveys.
 All the data have been collected and collated to identify a general environmental condition
within the project catchment area and major environmental issues to be taken care off during the
design as well project implementation phase.
 Scope of this exercise was 15 kilometres on both sides from the centre of the road as per
guidelines of Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. However, the focus of
the study was on the areas within and directly adjacent to the corridor of impact and ROW

(I) PHYSICAL RESOURCES

(A) PHYSIOGRAPHY AND SOIL:

 The geographical extension of the project road section is between 17

 The project area falls under Seismic Zone-III, moderately active in nature. A few earthquakes
being reported in the area in past but the intensity remained below rector scale 6-7.
 The project road is located over flat to rolling terrain mean elevation varying between 534 m to
622 m. The entire area normally shows a general slope from right to left.
 The project road intersects a number of rivers, nallas, local streams and canals. The prominent
rivers crossing the project stretch are Doddi river, Kerul river, Bori river, Dastapur Nallah and
Umerga nallah.
 All the drains and River flow from right to left of the project corridor.
 In the study area the major soil met is Black, Coarse Gray and Reddish. The soil is medium to
deep black and of rich quality.
(B) CLIMATE: Characterized by a hot summer and general dryness throughout the year except during
the south-west monsoon season, i.e., June to September.

(C) AMBIENT AIR QUALITY:

 The dryness of the areas, semi arid conditions and loose dust particles along the project corridor,
traffic congestion and dilapidated earthen shoulders are the main reason for the higher
concentration of particulate matter in the air. The other gaseous pollutants monitored in the
ambient air were well within the National Ambient Air Quality Standard at all the locations.
 There is no significant air polluting industry is located along the project corridor.

(D) WATER RESOURCES:

 The major surface water bodies located in the project corridor include dodi river, Ekruk lake,
water tank at Tamalwadi, and water tank at Km 75.600 in near Singoli village.
 The data analysed revealed that general quality of water in all the locations are good and the
water quality conforms to the Criteria C of Surface water quality as prescribed by the Central
Pollution Control Board. All the measured parameters were observed well within the prescribed
limit of water quality standards

(E) NOISE LEVEL:

 The noise level monitored along the highway at major settlements exceeded the maximum
permissible noise level for residential areas except for the alignment at proposed Yedshi
byepass but were within the permissible level for industrial and mixed areas.
 The congested urban builtup area experience high noise level due to commercial activities of
the area and traffic congestion.

(II) NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

(A) FORESTS & WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Generally open shrubs are present apart from the agriculture fields along the project stretch. The Few
pockets of reserve forests are located along the project corridor
(B) ROAD SIDE PLANTATION

Mainly single row of tree plantation is observed all along the project road. The predominant tree species
are Neem , Goldmolar and Shisam etc. A total number of 13315 trees of variable girth class are located
within the proposed ROW of the project stretch

(III)SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

(A )LAND USE PATTERN

The land use pattern of the project area is mainly agricultural land followed by settlements,
commercial and industrial area.

(B) AGRICULTURE PATTERN

(C) INDUSTRIES

The project districts have medium scale as well as small-scale industries. Along the project stretch 6
industrial units have been recorded.

(D) PROTECTED MONUMENTS AND PROPERTIES OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL VALUE

No historical monuments or Archaeological sites are located in the vicinity of the project.

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

 Since the project is widening and strengthening of already existing road, the potential for the
negative impacts is relatively small as compare to new alignment.
 Most of the negative environmental impacts are related to construction works which are
inevitable.
 The impacts during construction phase are mainly temporary or short term, whereas the impacts
during operation stage will have long term effects.
 Most of these negative environmental effects can be 'design out' at an early stage through proper
engineering designs, which will emphasize the contractors to follow environmentally friendly
construction methodology and by applying proper environmental safeguard measures at site
IMPACTS DURING PRECONSTRUCTION PHASE:

The environmental impacts associated with the pre construction stages mainly include impacts due to
design and location of the project as well as site preparation for construction. The main issues involve in
the preconstruction stage are:

 Acquisition of land and properties

 Tree felling
 Diversion of forest land,
 Encroachment of water tanks & ponds,
 Acquisition of common property resources,
 Relocation of public utilities etc.

Most of the impacts of preconstruction stage are permanent in nature.

IMPACT DURING CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION PHASE:

During construction period the major environmental issues will be related to

 Dust generation,
 Emission of gaseous emissions,
 Borrow area and quarry operations,
 Pollution due to operation of plants and equipments,
 Contamination of land and soil,
 Contamination of water bodies and public as well as workers health and safety.

These anticipated impacts will mainly temporary and localised in nature and are likely to persist for
short duration till the construction activities are over in a particular area. However there are some
long term adverse impacts due to construction. These impacts however can be mitigated effectively
through proper planning, scheduling and by application of environmental friendly construction
practices.

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

 Monitoring of environmental quality during construction and operation stages reflects the
success of implementation of the mitigation measures.
  Also it provides a chance to review the suggested measure and improve upon the measures.
 To ensure the effective implementation of the Environmental Management Plan (EMP), it is
essential that an effective monitoring plan be designed and carried out.
 The environmental monitoring plan covering various performance indicators, frequency and
institutional arrangements for the project in the construction and operation stages has been
formulated for the project.
 Environmental Monitoring of performance indicators will be conducted by the project authority .
 The monitoring plan has been suggested with performance indicators to be monitored, locations,
frequency and timeframe of monitoring. Periodical monitoring of air, water, noise quality and
survival rate of plantations also has been suggested

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

 An analysis of “With” and “Without” Project scenario reveals that the positive impacts
outnumbered the negative impacts due to the proposed development.
 The negative impacts are envisaged only during the construction period which will be temporary
in nature and of short duration. Further mitigation measures will be adopted to limit the impacts
during the construction phase. The proposed expansion will aid in infrastructure development
and will act as a catalyst to boost the economic progress. It was revealed during discussions with
various stakeholders that safety is a major concern along the existing highway section.

The safety aspect will be enhanced considerably with the provision of

 Service lanes
 Pedestrian crossings
 Street lights
 Additional systematically designed bust stands,
 Rest areas
 Bus bays and truck lay byes
 Service roads

The will ensure smooth traffic, it is envisaged that commercial establishments will revive their
business and this will inturn boost the economic development.
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

 Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is the key to ensure effective implementation of

environmental safeguard measures during different stage of the project.

Environmental Management Plan includes

o EMP Implementation Framework

o Supervision monitoring and reporting requirements.

DURING PRECONSTRUCTION STAGE

The responsibility of the implementation of mitigation measures is mainly Project Implementation Unit
of NHAI which is the Project Proponent for the project.

DURING CONSTRUCTION STAGE

The primary responsibility of implementing environmental safeguards measures is with Concessionaire

which will design, construct and own the project till concession period. The NHAI will be overall
responsible for EMP implementation.

A budgetary cost estimated for environmental management activities is Rs. 9.65 crores for the project,
which includes various mitigation costs during preconstruction, construction and operation stages,
environmental enhancement measures, Corporate Social Responsibility as well as environmental
monitoring cost.
 EIA CASE STUDY OF HYDRO ELECTRIC POWER PROJECTS

1. Project Description
Brief Details of the Project and Implementation Activities. The envisaged construction of the Tehri Dam
Project was approved in principle in year 1986, the Government had cleared the implementation of Tehri
Hydro Power Complex, as a joint venture of the GOI and the erstwhile Government of UttarPradesh.
The project has the following features:

(i) A 260.5 M high earth and rock fill Dam, with 4x 250 MW Hydro power plant at Tehri.
(ii) Tehri Hydro Power Complex (2400 MW), comprises the following components:
(iii) 1. Tehri Dam & Hydro Power Plant (1000 MW)
(iv) 2. Koteshwar Hydro Electric Project (400 MW)
(v) 3. Tehri Pumped Storage Plant (PSP) (1000 MW)

2. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF TEHRI DAM

The Project has identified both positive and negative impacts. Efforts were made to get full advantage of
positive impacts by formulating suitable schemes.

As we know that dam is essentially an artificial wall constructed across a river which converts a running
water ecosystem into a lake type ecosystem. This causes some changes in basic riverine ecosystem.
Therefore, thorough studies were got conducted for the likely negative impacts of dam and its reservoir,
through expert agencies. Mitigating measures, where necessary, were taken on likely negative impacts.

Probable impacts identified for detailed studies were :

a. Likely change in the (i) water chemistry, especially with respect to dissolved oxygen and (ii)
turbidity of water.

b. Likely impact on biodiversity, i.e., flora and fauna of the area.

c. Likely obstruction of movements of migrating fish species during breeding season.

d. Rivers carry a lot of sediment, which on construction of a dam, will be locked up behind the
dam wall. The collected silt in the reservoir eats away the capacity of the reservoir. This
impact of reducing the capacity and life of reservoir was studied.
 e. Likely impact of water accumulation on the upstream side of the dam, which causes
inundation of land including forest-land.

f. Since 109 villages (full or partial) and Tehri town (full) were affected and the residents were
to vacate their ancestral homes and agricultural fields, a scheme was prepared, to resettle
these people, with the idea to improve their living standard, keeping their social bonds intact.

g. Likely problem of water-logging and salinity of the land in the command area.

The studies on all the above likely impacts were got conducted through the expert organisations. The
studies included the parameters as mentioned in para 1 above.

3. MITIGATING MEASURES TAKEN ON ASSESSED IMPACTS

Based on the impact assessment studies, various mitigating measures were designed. In order to
mitigate probable impacts following measures/safeguards were taken:

A. Measures for Ecological Impacts

1. Compensatory Afforestation
Forest land of 4193.813 ha. were diverted for construction of Tehri Dam Project and Koteshwar
Project (in the downstream of Tehri Project). This forest-land included the land used in
construction of Project, Project colonies, resettlement colonies and filling of reservoir. Against
this, Project has completed the compensatory afforestation in an area of 4586.07 ha. in Lalitpur
and Jhansi District. In addition, for 1358.20 ha. forest-land diverted in second phase for rural
resettlement, the compensatory afforestation has been carried out in 2716.40 ha. of degraded
forest-land of Khanpur forest range in Haridwar District.

2. Catchment Area Treatment

In order to reduce soil erosion (for reducing sedimentation in the reservoir), the Tehri Project had
completed the Cathcment Area Treatment (CAT) in the entire degraded catchment, in areas of
‘High’ and ‘Very High’ erosion class. The total degraded area treated is 52,204 ha. (including
44,157 ha. of forest land and the 8047 ha. of agricultural land). The CAT works included the
works of afforestation, soil conservation, treatment of agriculture land, farm forestry, horticulture
etc. The main objective of CAT works was to check soil erosion and resultant siltation in the
reservoir.
3. Command Area Development
Command Area Development Plan had been implemented by the Irrigation Departments of the
State Governments of Uttarakhand and U.P. In order to mitigate the likely problem of water-
logging and salinity, the network of field channels and drains were developed. The canal
networks are utilized to irrigate 2.7 lac ha. additional area as well as stabilize existing irrigation
area in 6.04 lac ha.

4. Flora
In CAT works, the species as recommended by Botanical Survey of India (BSI), based on their
flora study of the area, have been planted. A Botanical Garden in an area of 14.28 ha. has also
been established and plantation of special species coming under submergence has been completed,
so as to preserve important flora of the region.

5. Fauna
Faunal studies were got conducted through Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), for fauna affected
due to formation of reservoir. As per ZSI studies there will be no adverse impact on mammals,
Aves (Birds), Reptiles (Snakes and Lizards), Ambhibia (Frogs & Toads) and Pisces (Fresh Water
Fishes) due to proposed reservoir except on Tor-Putitora (Mahseer Fish)

As suggested by ZSI, action plan for possible mitigation of Mahseer fish was framed. The
implementation of this action plan was taken up with the National Research Centre on Cold Water
Fisheries (NRCCWF), ICAR, Bhimtal. The Mahseer Fish Hatchery and fish Farm have been
developed and is in operation.

The faunal study have also pointed that the formation of proposed reservoir with a massive water
exposure on about 42 sq. km., a large number of migratory birds may be attracted to the area, thus
adding to the aesthetic and tourism aspect of the Project. Therefore, as suggested in the study
report, the periphery of the reservoir have been suitably planted by bushes, shrubs and trees. This
will help not only in the rehabilitation of Aves (Birds), but will also attract other groups of animals.
The bushes, shrubs and undergrowth have therefore been provided as ideal shelter to snakes and
lizards also.
6. Water Quality Maintenance
The water quality modeling study had been carried out, which concluded that no specific measures
are required and there would be no adverse effect on the water quality due to impoundment.
However, the work on water quality monitoring on Tehri Reservoir, both upstream and
downstream is being carried out at 5 monitoring stations.

The water quality study also concluded that Dissolved Oxygen (D.O.) and Biological Oxygen
Demand (BOD) in whole of reservoir are expected to remain within permissible limits desired for
drinking water resources.

Another mathematical model study on water circulation concluded that water in reservoir remains
under dynamic circulation throughout the year and does not remain stagnant.

7. Green Belt
A green Belt have been planned to be created along the rim of the reservoir between 850 m above
MSL and 1050 m above MSL. The idea for developing the green belt is to check soil erosion and
resultant siltation of the reservoir; to protect and regenerate the vegetation in the rim area; to
increase the natural beauty of the landscape.

8. Impact on Human Health

A comprehensive study of the potential health impacts of Tehri dam was conducted. National
Malaria Eradication Programme (NMEP) and Malaria Research Centre (MRC) carried out detailed
field investigations of the area. Action-plan for preventive/mitigation measures is being
implemented.

Dust pollution in project area were kept under control by regular sprinkling of water. Dust
pollution levels were also monitored at the project site and habitat area by conducting the study on
the samples so collected.

B.MEASURES FOR SOCIAL IMPACTS

1. Better Quality of Living

In order to achieve the objective of ‘better quality of life’ following steps were taken through R&R
programme. The idea is to ensure that settlers are provided opportunities to become established
and economically self sustaining in shortest possible period.
a. Urban
i. Better quality of living. Urban population was provided better facilities like better and
wider road network, sewerage system, hospital with enhanced capacity, stadium and other
amenities, scope for expansion, planned growth.
ii. Larger school buildings with hostel accommodation will enable their management to
enhance their capacities. A larger University campus has been constructed in addition to a
college keeping in view the future needs of the region.

iii. More employment opportunities due to high tourism potential and industries likely to come
up due to excellent infrastructure available in NTT and surrounding areas.

iv. 100 economically backward and houseless persons now have free housing at NTT, of
which they would become owners.

b. Rural
i. The all round development of the area would lead to prosperity, better infrastructure and
better quality of life.

ii. New road network and taped drinking water supply save the time of people which can be
utilized for other works.

iii. Due to the increase in land holding, i.e., against the existing less than 1 acre average
rainfed land holding, to the allotted 2 acres well irrigated and developed land, yield and
total income is expected to increase.

iv. Due to payment of House Construction Assistance to PAFs, the PAF have been able to
construct better houses, which has resulted in improvement in their living standards.
v. Landless agricultural labours have also become owners of 2 acres of agricultural land and
independent houses.
vi. People who will not be shifted (above the reservoir level) shall be benefited due to
Catchment Area Treatment, tourism, fishery development and horticulture, apart form
infrastructural development.
vii. As most resettlement colonies are on important locations/on important highways, PAFs
have opened their shops, which are helping them in generating more income. Such people
 are in a position to turn displacement into an opportunity to get even more richer than they
were.
viii. The resettlement sites are located on important routes of Dehradun and Haridwar districts
which helps in adopting self employment works.

2. Employment & Income Generating Schemes

a. Employment

i) For employment in the THDC, preference was given to the dependents of the project
affected families, particularly in the category of workmen & supervisors, subject to
vacancies and their meeting the necessary laid down qualifications and experience
requirements.
ii) Apart from this, the contractors deployed on the Project a sizable work force form the local
area.
iii) In order to provide gainful employment to the local population, THDC awarded small
value contracts to the local people.
iv) For treatment and soil conservation work in the Catchment Area, the forest and other
concerned departments, have employed more persons.
v) With the construction of the New Tehri Town at a high altitude, formation of reservoir,
better road network etc., it is expected that there will be an all round development in the
area, which will further enhance the employment opportunities due to setting up of new
non-polluting industries, better tourism opportunities through developmental activities,
which will in turn help in generating indirect employment in commercial ventures, like
boating, transport, vehicle repair shops, business, hotel industries and several other indirect
activities.
vi) With a view to encourage the dispossessed families taking to useful vocations, like poultry
farming, floriculture, pisci-culture, animal husbandry, handicrafts, khadi work etc. the
Government agencies have taken up various self-employment / income generating
schemes.
b. income generating schemes

Since it was not possible to give direct employment to all unemployed youth from PAFs in the project.
A group was formed in THDC for helping the resettled families to take advantage of various schemes of
Self-employment and Income Generation being implemented by various Govt. and Semi Govt. agencies.
The group organized various activities for the benefits of PAPs as under ;
i) Organized awareness camps at Athoorwala and Khand Raiwala so that PAPs should come
forward as rural entrepreneurs. The group invited the officials of various State/Central
Government agencies like Khadi Village & Industry Commission, State Horticulture &
Food Preservation Deptt., State Sericulture Deptt., State Fisheries Deptt., Lead bank &
Poultry Deptt., etc. During these camps PAPs were given detailed knowledge about
various existing schemes, training activities, loaning procedure etc.
ii) Being influenced with these awareness programmes PAPs started showing the interest in
various schemes. PAPs interested for Mushroom cultivation requested the group for
organizing training. Group arranged training in three batches through UP State
Horticulture & Food Preservations Deptt. Dehradun to make PAPs self-employed by
adopting Mushroom cultivation as a means of Income Generation on commercial basis.
iii) In order to create additional source of income for PAPs one Khadi production cum training
center was opened by Khadi Village & Industry Commission (KVIC) and Kshetriya Shri
Gandhi Ashram, Dehradun at resettlement site Athoorwala. About 30 PAPs were trained at
this center on New Model Charkha Units (NMC). The NMC unit alongwith revolving
funds for working capital, has been provided by KVIC, whereas training expenses and
space shed for training was arranged by the Project.
iv) Training centers for ladies in tailoring and embroidery work were established at
Athoorwala, Raiwala and Pathri Block. The centers have been strengthened and expanded
by providing sewing machines, Knitting machines, typing machines, multipurpose peeko
and fashion designing machines and raw material.
v) The group was in constant touch with the Block Development Officers (BDO) of State
Government. Thus, the PAPs were benefited by these development schemes run by the
State Government through the BDO.
4. POSITIVE IMPACTS

A. BENEFITS TO NATION / REGION

i) 2400 MW of environment friendly Peaking Power (6532 MU of Annual Energy) –

1000 MW (3532 MU of Annual Energy) in Stage-I. This is bound to lead to industrial
and agricultural growth in the Northern Region.
ii) 12% power free to home state, apart from Power as per their share, where distress is
caused by setting up the project at the specific site. s
iii) Additional energy form downstream run-off-the river schemes.
iv) Irrigation of 2.7 lakh ha. of new area, besides stabilization of irrigation in already
irrigated 6.0 lakh ha.
v) 300 cusecs (162 million Gallons per day) of water supply to Delhi, which will meet
drinking water need of 4 million people.
vi) 200 cusecs (108 million gallons per day) of water supply to UP which will meet
drinking water need of about 3 million people.
vii) The project would lead to all round development of the region through better
infrastructure and easy availability of electricity, particularly peak time power.
viii) Flood moderation during monsoon by way of storage of excess water.
ix) Development of pisciculture.
x) Integrated development of the catchment area including afforestation and soil
conservation of 52,204 ha. of severely eroded land.
xi) With the formation of lake, presence of various types of fisheries, water liking birds
and certain species of wild life has been noticed.

B. BENEFITS TO AFFECTED POPULATION

i) Development of Hill Station

For shifting of old Tehri Town a new modern town named as New Tehri Town (NTT)
has been developed at a height of 1550-1850 m. above MSL which is at height almost
similar to that of Mussorrie. This town has all modern facilities. After the formation of
reservoir lake, this town which overlook the lake has become a beautiful hill station.
This will attract tourism.
ii) Better Road Network

Due to construction of Project, roads of the area have been widened and improved which
made communication easier and comfortable. Rishikesh-Chamba-NTT roads have also
been widened and geometry have been improved which has resulted in reduction of
journey time. Similarly, Chamba-Dharasu road which ultimately leads to Uttarkashi have
been constructed with better specifications. Other roads like N.T.T – Bhagirahtipuram –
Tipri – Ghansali have also been constructed for comfortable journey.

The bridges namely Zero bridge, Siyansu bridge, Pipaldali bridge have been made. One
more motor bridge (HMV) at Dobra is being Constructed. In addition, Ferry service at
Bhalidiyana is also operational.

iii) Education

 For shifting of educational institutions of Old Tehri Town, larger buildings with
modern facilities were constructed so that more number of students can be
accommodated, while having scope for further expansion in future.
 In most of the educational institutions, Hostel facilities for 860 students have been
provided, though it was not existing in Old Tehri. Thus, more students coming from
the nearby areas will be benefited as NTT is expected to develop as a nodal center for
education in the region.
 Against existing degree college running in Old Tehri Town, a degree college and a
big university campus have been constructed at Badshahithaul which can
accommodate 400 residential students and also the teaching staff.
 In addition, for the students of villages who were studying in Old Tehri, 4 degree
colleges have been constructed at project cost. Similarly, against one Inter College in
Old Tehri, one Inter college in N.T.T. and 4 Inter colleges in villages have been
constructed.
iv) Health

 Against 22 bed Hospital of Old Tehri, 75 bed Hospital have been constructed at New
Tehri Town, with modern medical facilities. In addition, 5 numbers Primary Health
 Centers with indoor treatment facilities (totaling to 70 beds) have been constructed at
Project cost.
 To provide hygienic conditions, treated water is supplied to houses and a central
sewerage treatment plant have been constructed with a properly designed network of
sewer lines connecting houses and other buildings of the town.
v) Electrification

For improving electricity distribution system in nearby rural areas, 3 nos. 33 KV sub-
stations have been constructed and network of LT/HT transmission lines have also been
made at project cost.

vi) Drinking Water Facilities

54 numbers drinking water schemes in rural areas and New Tehri town have been
constructed and made operational at Project cost. They shall now be operated and
maintained by respective agencies.

vii) Shifting of District Head Quarter

With the shifting of district head quarter from Narendra Nagar to New Tehri, a distance
of about 60 km have been reduced for the urban and rural population of Tehri resulting
into saving of time and inconvenience to the public having work at district level offices.

Besides, Pratap Nagar Tehsil which was functioning from Old Tehri, have been shifted to
Pratap Nagar itself in newly constructed building.

viii) Setting of New Industries

The New Tehri Town is very suitable for setting up of Non-pollutive Industries due to
its better climate and excellent communication facilities. As the power is now easily
available after the construction of dam, more factories are likely to come up as NTT has
excellent infrastructure as well.

ix) Tourism

 The New Tehri Town is a pre-planned hill town with all modern facilities. Hence, it
is expected to develop as a major tourist hill station in near future.
  By creation of lake due to the impoundment of the reservoir of Tehri Dam, scope for
water sports will be there.
 In the master plan, areas have been earmarked for resorts, which are expected to
provide facilities for comfortable stay of tourists.
 Due to wider and improved roads, communication has become easier which is very
important for development of tourism.
 Due to tourism development, Hotel Industry in the area will increase, which will
further help the local people in getting employment.
x) Commercial Centre

New Tehri Town market is developing as a market for adjoining towns/villages in the
region and is expected to come up as a nodal commercial centre in the region because of
its vocational advantage and better infrastructure facilities like roads, telecommunication
and properly designed shopping centre. The shops area is also larger and made of RCC
structure and have greater storage capacities for goods.

MONITORING MECHANISM FOR REHABILITATION

Government of India has constituted a Project Level Monitoring Committee (PLMC) for conducting
field visits to verify the satisfactory completion of various environmental safeguards stipulated at the
time of Project clearance and other specific recommendations accepted by the Government. Ministry of
Environment & Forests, Govt. of India also constituted a High Level Inter Ministerial Review
Committee (IMRC) headed by Secretary, MOEF and including Secretary, Ministry of Power, Secretary,
Ministry of Social Justice, Secretary, Ministry of Water Resources also Chief Secretary of Uttaranchal
and U.P. as Special Invitees, to periodically review the environment and rehabilitation and resettlement
issues associated with the Tehri Hydro Electric Project and also review the recommendations of the
Project Level Monitoring Committee.

GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL MECHANISM

A Grievance Redressal Cell under the Sub Divisional Magistrate, Tehri, is functioning in the
Rehabilitation Directorate, Uttranchal Government for expeditious disposal of grievances received from
PAFs. Further, Coordination Committee under the Chairmanship of Commissioner (Garhwal) set up by
the State Govt. also redresses the specific cases/demands of the people.
 EIA CASE STUDY OF AIR PORT PROJECTS

Introduction

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a study to identify, predict, evaluate, and communicate
information on the environment of a proposed project and to detail out the mitigating measures prior to
project approval and implementation. The EIA is essentially a planning mechanisme for preventing
environmental problems due to an action. It ensures that the potential problems are foreseen and
addressed at an early stage in the project planning and design. Thus this will avoid costly mistakes in
project implementation, either because of the environmental damages that are likely to arise during
project implementation, or because of modifications that may be required subsequently in order to make
the action environmentally acceptable. The purpose of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
report is to investigate and assess the principal environmental concerns associated with the proposed
airport. The scope of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study covers both the construction
phase and the operational stage of the airport, investigating and analyzing

The effects of aircraft noise on institutional and residential areas, particularly at night Increased traffi c
congestion in the airport approaches Fire hazards Ambient air quality Surface water quality
Hydrogeology Impact on flora and fauna Social perception, and Emergency preparedness.

This environmental impact assessment (EIA) has been prepared as an evaluation and condensation of a
full environmental impact assessment (EIA) of the proposed airport in the capital city, Kolkata situated
in the developing country, India prepared for the government by the consulting group, following the
developing country , India government’s guidelines and the methodologies described in Environmental
Assessment Requirements and Environmental Review Procedures and the Environmental Guidelines for
Selected Infrastructure Projects.

The guideline is based on

(i) the EIA,

(ii) the airport project feasibility study
(iii) field visits to the airport project site and local government capital, and,
 (iv) discussions with local government and pertinent National Government offi cials with
environmental responsibilities.

The methods used to carry out the EIA include:

(i) review of available literature,

(ii) meetings with National and local government offi cials

(iii) site visits to the capital city of the proposed airport and surrounding areas,

(iv) discussions with inhabitants near the site,

(v) ambient noise and air quality and surface water quality sampling and testing in the field and in the
laboratory, and

(vi) application of professional knowledge and experience.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

The project consists of the design, financing, construction, and operation of a new airport. The proposed
new airport will be located in the capital city of the developing country, which is in Kolkata in India.

DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

A study is conducted to identify the ambient air quality in the selected area. The daytime noise in the
vicinity of the site is also surveyed. Temperature range in the proposed area is also identified. It is good
to have no forests near the project site as there will not be any endangered species of flora and fauna.
The population at the site has to be relocated. Besides, the water supply has to be good and the sewerage
system is better to be connected to the drainage system. Finally a good source of electric power is vital.

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

Environmental impacts are anticipated during both the construction stage and the operational stage.
Construction Stage The daily water estimated requirement for the project should not affect the supply of
water to the residents in the capital city. Earthwork, soil excavation, ground preparation, and concreting
activities will further increase the TSP level. However, a comprehensive system of netting to be used as
well as constant daily watering of the ground will mitigate the impact. Solid waste generated from the
construction activities will be disposed of daily by garbage trucks. Employment opportunities and other
sources of income for the residents of the capital city will be generated by the project. Operational Stage
No significant increase in the level of TSP of the air quality within the vicinity will be generated during
operation. Nevertheless, the terminal building will be fully air-conditioned and equipped with dust
filtration system which that will be regularly checked and cleaned. The additional aircraft movements
will increase the noise level. However, flights are normally scheduled during daytime to minimize noise
disruption to settlements relatively near the airport. No breach of acceptable airport noise standards will
take place. Further, the flight path of aircraft will not be over densely populated areas. The commercial
operation of the airport may cause a mild migration of potential job seekers to the capital city, since jobs
will be created by the project.

ALTERNATIVES

If the airport is not constructed there would be no effects, either positive or negative, on physical
environmental factors. In addition, no adverse impact would be suffered by the adjoining city
institutions. There would be, however, other significant sociological and economic losses to the city. The
loss of this facility would inhibit terminal development and the economic and ensuing sociological gains,
and would conflict directly with established, approved master plans and goals. The international
passenger congestion would restrict the growth of terminal activities. Even without the proposed Project,
air pollution and noise levels will increase due to vehicular emissions, heavy traffi c flow, and increase in
domestic air flights.

COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

Project costs include (i) civil works, (ii) other construction, (iii) equipment and its installation, and (iv)
consulting engineering design and supervision. These Project costs also include the cost of mitigating all
negative environmental impacts during construction and into the operating phase, which amounts to
$400,000, or about 0.6 percent of the total Project base cost.For the cost item, the estimated total Project
cost of $504 million was used. The total Project cost includes the total cost of relocation of PAF
facilities, the schools, church, and Community center, estimated at $7 million; the cost of the Fire
Prevention Plan; the cost of sewerage and drainage systems, estimated at $2 million; and such other
costs as provision of a carpark building ($21 million) and road access improvements. In terms of the
benefit, the stream of cashflow after debt servicing but before tax payments (because tax payments are
considered as one of the benefits) was used. The internal rate of return and net present value are
calculated as 21 percent and $506.7 million, respectively. Facilities will also be temporarily subjected to
nuisances associated with major construction, including increased noise levels, dust, heavier traffi c on
Andrew Avenue, and other similar effects. On a permanent basis, the traffi c and noise from terminal
activities will cause some disturbances. The disturbances will depend on the arrival and departure of
various types of aircraft. There will be some direct costs related to the relocation of affected residences
and facilities. However, the airport project will result in several beneficial impacts on both a temporary
and a permanent basis.

INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

During the whole airport project cycle, monitoring of noise and of air and water quality parameters will
be undertaken regularly and continuously. Regular monitoring will be undertaken to assess the
effectiveness and integrity of the mitigating measures being implemented to minimize the adverse
impacts of the airport project activities. Monitoring will also cover (i) performance of the facility after
construction, (ii) verification of proper effl uent disposal at the facility, (iii) yearly physical testing of the
airport project area, (iv) proper solid waste disposal, and (v) traffi c management.

PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT

A social perception survey will be conducted for the airport project by a group of social scientists. The
survey will be undertaken among the residents of the developing country’s capital city, site of the
proposed airport project. The social perception survey will be carried out by taking a random sample of
the residents of the capital city with the primary objectives of ascertaining awareness of the proposed
airport project, eliciting from the interviewees their acceptance or non-acceptance of the airport
constuction, and identifying what in their own judgment are its positive and negative effects. It is
planned that, during the airport project implementation, the airport project administration, in
coordination with the local government, will keep related agencies and the local population near the
airport informed about the airport project, and will request their views as the project progresses. Based
on consultations with the local government and local residents, the airport construction will begin.

CONCLUSIONS

The proposed airport project will definitely be to public advantage. The major benefit will be
socioeconomic. The primary long-range effects on the physical environment include the relocation of
several houses due to road widening, and several institutions. Finally, the residents of the capital city
will be subjected to both temporary and permanent increases in noise level, which, however, in terms of
level, time of occurrence, and distribution will not cause a major impact. The construction of the
proposed airport will assure optimum use of a section of unused land.

Although it will result in a few limited temporary environmental adverse effects, the life expectancy of
the terminal’s productivity will prove profitable to society on both a regional and local basis.

The proposed airport development will have no significantly adverse impacts on the surrounding
environment. The construction, while involving soil improvement and considerable earthwork will, use
proven construction techniques and conventional earthwork methods. Potentially minor adverse impacts
can readily be avoided by good site management and construction practices, particularly related to
drainage system design. A simple monitoring program is needed to cover the construction phase and the
first three years of operation. This will be prepared during the design phase of the project by the
engineering consultants. It will then be implemented during the airport project construction by the
administration assisted by the engineering consultants, and by the staff operating the airport during
airport operation. The monitoring program will also be supervised.

This report has been produced to inform and facilitate the request for a Environmental Impact
Assessment Regulations. In accordance with the EIA regulations, only those issues which give rise to
potential significant environmental effects need to be assessed in detail within the airport project. Those
matters which have been identified as potentially giving rise to significant environmental effects include:
Surface transport and access. Air and ground noise. Air quality. Socio-economics. Waste.
Impacts of airport project
 EIA CASE STUDY FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

INTRODUCTION
The environmental impact assessment is a systematic program integrated into the solid waste management
system so that ecological balance of the area is maintained and anticipated impacts are assessed and the
management plan to mitigate these impacts stipulated in advance.The Environmental Impact Assessment
(EIA) consists of a set of monitoring program, mitigation measures, management control strategies and audit
of environmental performances to minimize adverse environmental impacts. The Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) is a site specific plan developed to ensure that the project is implemented in an
environmental sustainable manner.
Solid or semi-solid waste material , which are non soluble in nature are solid waste . It may be hazardous or
not and includes agricultural refuse, demolition waste , industrial waste , mining residues , municipal garbage
and sewage sludge.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The main objective of the proposed project is to modernize the existing dump site at Jawaharnagar in
accordance to the MSW rules 2000.Modernization of an Integrated Municipal Solid Waste Management
Facility for processing Municipal Solid Waste generated in Greater Municipal area of Hyderabad City.
The proposed development is taking place at existing Jawaharnagar dump Site, Jawaharnager Village,
Shameerpet Mandal, Ranga Reddy District of Andhra Pradesh (A.P).The normal municipal waste after
coming from weighbridge will be unloaded at receiving platform and will be manually sorted to separate
hazardous/bio medical/electronic waste if any and stored separately for sending to respective treatment
facilities.
The manually sorted waste will be sent to presorting Trommel where recyclables are handpicked and the rest
of the waste goes to compost plant.The waste received at compost plant will be sent to windrow platform
where it is converted into manure and the rejects from the compost plant, rejects/ash from WTE are sent to
secured landfill.

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY AND SITE)

Despite the best efforts to reduce, reuse and recycle, there will always be residual waste requiring disposal.
The alternative treatment and disposal technologies are:
 Recycle/Reuse
 Composting
 Anaerobic digestion / Biomethanation
 Pelletisation / Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF)
 Pyrolysis and Gasification
 Incineration
 Landfills - Sanitary Landfill / Bioreactor landfill / Secured landfill (for inert waste)

DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

The main aim of the impact assessment study is to find out the impact of the project on the environment. This
study is carried out during the project planning stage itself, so that the proponent can implement the project in
a technically, financially and environmentally viable way.
The success of any impact assessment study depends mainly on two factors. First is estimation of impact
from proposed project on the environment and the second is assessment of the environmental condition. Both
are key factors to arrive at the post project scenario. The estimated impact due to the proposal can be
superimposed over the existing conditions to arrive at the post project scenario.
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
This would help in formulating suitable management plans sustainable resource extraction.

1. AIR QUALITY
Impacts:-
 The dust,measurable as Suspended Particulate Matter and Respirable Suspended Particulates would
be generated as a result of construction activities during the construction phase of the projects.

Mitigation Measures :-
 Project site levelling and grading will be carried out, where ever possible to maintain the natural
elevations they will not be disturbed.
 levelling activity will be carried out for providing roads, sewage network, storm water system, and
places required for providing buildings for administrative and plant shed erection. According to the
engineering assessment.

2. WATER QUALITY
Impacts:-
The activities likely to be undertaken during the proposed development and describes the potential impacts
on water quality from each activity.
 Site formation
 Construction of buildings
 Site workshop
 Presence of workers

Mitigation Measures:-
 The runoff water from the site gets collected to working pit and if any over flow.
 During construction activity all the equipments washed water will be diverted to working pit to arrest
the suspended solids if any and the settled water will be reused for construction purposes, and for
sprinkling on roads to control the dust emission.

3.NOISE QUALITY
Impacts:-
The major activities, which produce periodic noise, during construction phase, are as follows:
 Foundation works
 Fabrication of structures
 Plant erection
 Operation of construction equipment
 Movement of vehicles

Mitigation Measures:-
 Enclosures will be used for reduction in noise levels, where ever possible the noise generating
equipment will be kept away from the human habituation.
 All vehicles entering into the project will be informed to maintain speed limits, and not blow horns
unless it is required.
 4.SOLID QUALITY
Impacts:-
This category of waste generation in the proposed project is due to different types of raw materials being
used during construction stage in general may comprise the following:
 Cement concrete
 ement concrete
 Bricks, tiles,
 Cement plaster
 Steel
 Rubble, sand, Stone (Marble, granite, sand stone)
 Timber/wood
 Paints/varnishes

Mitigation Measures:-
 All construction waste shall be stored within the site itself. A proper screen will be provided so that
the waste does not get scattered.
 Attempts will be made to keep the waste segregated into different heaps as far as possible so that their
further gradation and reuse is facilitated.
 The local body or a private company may be arranged to provide appropriate number of skip
containers/ trolleys on hire.

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Monitoring of the Municipal Solid Waste operations i.e. the physical environment and the public health in the
vicinity of the Integrated Municipal Solid Waste Management Facility is an integral part to design construct
and operate the facility. The proposed monitoring program of works for this project has three interrelated
objectives.
 To check on the implementation and management of the various aspects required for impact
mitigation.
 To check how effective are the measures for mitigation and control of pollution
 In case of non compliance further measures for rectification

ADDITIONAL STUDIES
Risk Assessment:-The principal objective of the risk assessment study is to identify and quantify the major
hazards and the risk associated with various operations of the proposed project.
Disaster Management Plan:-An emergency preparedness plan is to be prepared to mitigate the
consequences. The approach involves hazards identification, hazards assessment and evaluation, developing
Disaster Management Plan (DMP).

PROJECT BENEFITS
The proposed the major benefit is improving the degraded environment by establishing a scientific Integrated
Municipal Solid Waste Management Facility. Due to the proposed project there will be several benefits.
 Direct employment and indirect employment will benefit locals.
 Due to compost plant and waste to energy plant the life of the land fill increase several folds.
  Due to proposed project the physical infrastructure facilities will improve.
 Social infrastructure facilities will come up in nearby areas.
 Demand for housing and other facilities will increase.

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

The Environmental Cell will be headed by the Project Manager followed by other officers and technicians.
The department is the nodal agency to co-ordinate and provides necessary services on environmental issues
during operation of the project.
The environmental group's responsiblities are:-
 Implementation of environmental management plan, interaction with the environmental regulatory
agencies, reviewing draft policy and planning.
 This department interacts with State Pollution Control Board and other environment regulatory
agencies.
 The department also interacts with local people to understand their problems and to formulate
appropriate community development plan.

CONCLUSION
It can be concluded from overall assessment of the impacts, in terms of positive and negative effects
on various environmental components, that the mining activities will not have any adverse effect on the
surrounding environment. To mitigate any impacts due to the solid waste, a well-planned EMP and a detailed
post project monitoring system is provided for regular monitoring and immediate rectification at
environment.
 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR
QUARRY MINING PROJECT

INTRODUCTION
The environmental impact assessment is a systematic program integrated into the
process of mine planning so that ecological balance of the area is maintained and anticipated
impacts are assessed and the management plan to mitigate these impacts stipulated in advance.
The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) consists of a set of monitoring program,
mitigation measures, management control strategies and audit of environmental performances
to minimize adverse environmental impacts. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is
a site specific plan developed to ensure that the project is implemented in an environmental
sustainable manner.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The proposed projects are site specific and there is no additional area required for
this project. There is no effluent generation/discharge from the proposed quarries.

Proposed Method of Mining is common for all the Proposed Projects .The
method of mining is Opencast Mechanized Mining Method is being proposed by formation of
5.0 meter height bench with a bench width not less than the bench height.

The project is placed by Thiruvannamalai District, Tamil Nadu. The project

proponent applied for Rough Stone Quarry Lease Dated: 12.02.2020. The Mining Plan was
prepared by Recognized Qualified Person and approved by Assistant Director.

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ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY AND SITE)
The site has been selected based on geological investigation and exploration as
below:

 Occurrence of minerals at the specific site.

 Transportation facility for materials & manpower.

 Overall impact on environment and mitigation feasibility

 Socio – economic background.

DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

This small percentage of Mining Activities shall not have any significant impact
on the environment. The various environmental factors are given below:-

 Water Environment: On Microbiological parameters, the water samples from all

the locations meet the requirement.

 Air Environment: It include identification of specific air pollution parameters

and their existing levels in ambient air.

 Soil Environment: The physical properties of the soil samples were examined for
texture, bulk density, porosity and water holding capacity.

 Noise Environment: The noise level for Industrial and Residential area meets the
requirements of CPCB.

 Ecological Environment: The study involved in the collection of primary data by

conducting a survey in the field

 Socio Economic Environment: This study of surveyed villages gives a clear

picture of its population, average household size, literacy rate and sex ratio etc.

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ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND
MITIGATION MEASURES
. This would help in formulating suitable management plans sustainable resource
extraction.

Land Environment:

Anticipated Impact:

 Permanent or temporary change on land use and land cover.

 Due to degradation of land by pitting the aesthetic environment of the core zone
may be affected
Mitigation Measures:

 Thick plantation will be carried out on unutilized area, top benches of mined out
pits, on safety barrier, etc.,

 At conceptual stage, the land use pattern of the quarry will be changed into
Greenbelt area and temporary reservoir

Water Environment:

Anticipated Impact:

 Increase in sediment load during monsoon in downstream of lease area.

 Surface drainage may be affected due to Mining

Mitigation Measures:

 De-silting will be carried out before and immediately after the monsoon season.

 Regular monitoring and analysing the quality of water in open well, bore wells
and surface water

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Air Environment:

Anticipated Impact:

 Emissions of noxious gases due to incomplete detonation of explosive may

sometimes pollute the air.

 The air-borne dust may travel to longer distances and settle in the villages
located near the mine lease area.
Mitigation Measures:

 Over loading of tippers will be avoided to prevent spillage.

 It will be ensured that all transportation vehicles carry a valid PUC certificate.

Noise Environment:

Anticipated Impact:

 Noise pollution poses a major health risk to the mine workers.

 Drilling, Blasting, Loading and during movement of vehicles.

Mitigation Measures:

 Usage of sharp drill bits while drilling which will help in reducing noise.

 Silencers / mufflers will be installed in all machineries.

Biological Environment:

Anticipated Impact:

 There are no National Park and Archaeological monuments within project area.

 No National park and Wildlife Sanctuary found within 10km radius.

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 Mitigation Measures:

 Methodical and well-planned plantation scheme will be carried out.

Socio Economic Environment:

Anticipated Impact:

 Employment generation due to the project will provide direct employment for

about 30 persons.

Mitigation Measures:

 Appropriate air pollution control measure will be taken to minimize the

environmental impact within the core zone.

 Good maintenance practices will be adopted for plant machinery and

equipment, which will help to avert potential noise problems.

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

Usually an impact assessment study is carried over short period of time and the
data cannot bring out all variations induced by natural or human activities. Hence regular
monitoring program of Environmental parameters is essential to take into account the changes in
the Environment.

The Objective of Monitoring –

 To check or assess the efficiency of the controlling measures.

 To establish a data base for future impact assessment studies.

ADDITIONAL STUDIES
 Risk Assessment: The whole quarry operation will be carried out under the direction
of a Qualified Competent Mine Manager holding certificate of competency to manage a
metalliferous mine granted by the Directorate General of Mine Safety (DGMS).

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  Disaster Management Plan: The Disaster Management Plan is aimed to ensure
safety of life, protection of environment, protection of installation, restoration of
production and salvage operations in this same order of priorities.

PROJECT BENEFITS
 Increase in Employment Potential.
 Improvement in Socio-Economic Welfare.
 Improvement in Physical Infrastructure.
 Improvement in Social infrastructure.

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

The Environment Monitoring Cell discussed formed by the mine management will
ensure effective implementation of environment management plan and to ensure compliance of
environmental statutory guidelines through Mine Management Level.

The said team will be responsible for:

 Monitoring of the water/ waste water quality, air quality and solid waste generated.
 Green belt development.
 Monitoring the progress of implementation of the environmental monitoring program.
 Collection of health statistics of the workers and population of the surrounding villages.

CONCLUSION
It can be concluded from overall assessment of the impacts, in terms of positive and
negative effects on various environmental components, that the mining activities will not have any
adverse effect on the surrounding environment. To mitigate any impacts due to the mining
activities, a well-planned EMP and a detailed post project monitoring system is provided for
regular monitoring and immediate rectification at site.

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