Web Security
Basic Concepts
1. Introduction to Web Security:
○ Understanding Common Web Vulnerabilities
○ Overview of Web Application Security
2. Basic Tools and Techniques:
○ Using Web Browsers and Developer Tools
○ Introduction to Security Testing Tools (Burp Suite, OWASP ZAP)
3. Understanding HTTP Protocol:
○ Basics of HTTP Methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE)
○ Analyzing HTTP Requests and Responses
4. Common Web Vulnerabilities:
○ Cross-Site Scripting (XSS): Understanding how scripts can be injected into web
pages.
○ SQL Injection (SQLi): Exploiting vulnerabilities in database queries.
○ Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF): Making unauthorized requests on behalf
of authenticated users.
○ Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR): Accessing unauthorized data.
5. Basic Authentication and Authorization:
○ Understanding Authentication Mechanisms
○ Analyzing Authorization Flaws
Intermediate Concepts
1. Advanced Vulnerabilities:
○ Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF): Manipulating server requests to access
internal resources.
○ Remote Code Execution (RCE): Executing arbitrary commands on the server.
○ Path Traversal: Accessing files and directories outside the intended directory.
2. Web Application Firewalls (WAFs):
○ Understanding WAFs and Their Limitations
○ Bypassing WAF Protections
3. Session Management:
○ Analyzing Session Handling and Cookies
○ Identifying and Exploiting Session Fixation and Hijacking
4. Security Testing Methodologies:
○ Static Application Security Testing (SAST)
○ Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST)
○ Interactive Application Security Testing (IAST)
5. Web Hacking Tools:
○ Burp Suite: Intercepting and manipulating HTTP traffic.
○ OWASP ZAP: Automated security scanning and manual testing.
○ SQLMap: Automated SQL injection and database takeover.
Advanced Concepts
1. Advanced Exploitation Techniques:
○ Blind SQL Injection: Exploiting SQL injection when error messages are not
visible.
○ Advanced XSS: Exploiting different types of XSS (Stored, Reflected,
DOM-based).
○ Exploiting Complex Web Applications: Multi-step attacks involving multiple
vulnerabilities.
2. Security Headers and Protections:
○ Understanding and Bypassing Security Headers (Content Security Policy,
X-Frame-Options)
○ Analyzing and Exploiting Security Misconfigurations
3. Advanced Network Attacks:
○ Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) Attacks: Intercepting and modifying traffic between
client and server.
○ DNS Spoofing: Redirecting traffic to malicious sites.
4. Exploit Development:
○ Writing and Crafting Exploits
○ Analyzing and Understanding Proof-of-Concepts (PoCs)
5. Web Security Best Practices:
○ Secure Coding Practices: Implementing secure coding standards to prevent
vulnerabilities.
○ Security Testing and Vulnerability Management: Integrating security testing
into the development lifecycle.
6. Legal and Ethical Considerations:
○ Understanding the Legal Implications of Hacking
○ Responsible Disclosure and Ethical Hacking Practices
Mastering Web Hacking
1. Bug Bounty Programs:
○ Participating in Bug Bounty Programs (e.g., HackerOne, Bugcrowd)
○ Developing a Hunting Methodology and Strategy
2. Advanced Tool Development:
○ Creating Custom Tools and Scripts for Web Hacking
○ Contributing to Open Source Security Tools
3. Security Research and Trends:
○ Staying Updated with the Latest Vulnerabilities and Exploits
○ Conducting and Publishing Security Research
4. Complex Application Architectures:
○ Understanding and Hacking Modern Web Architectures (Microservices, Single
Page Applications)
○ Exploiting Complex Authentication Mechanisms (OAuth, OpenID Connect)
5. Penetration Testing and Reporting:
○ Performing Comprehensive Penetration Tests
○ Documenting Findings and Writing Detailed Security Reports
6. Advanced Security Measures:
○ Implementing Advanced Security Measures (Web Application Hardening, Custom
WAF Rules)
