Reading: Test 1 Section 3: Reducing the Effects of Climate Change
1. Ambitious (adj) /æmˈbɪʃəs/: có nhiều tham vọng/determined to be successful, rich, powerful, etc.
=> They were very ambitious for their children (= they wanted them to be successful).
2. Dependence (noun) /dɪˈpendəns/: sự phụ thuộc/the state of needing the help and support of
somebody/something in order to survive or be successful.
=> Our relationship was based on mutual dependence.
3. Atmosphere (noun) /ˈætməsfɪə(r)/: bầu khí quyển/the mixture of gases that surrounds the earth.
=> Pollution of the atmosphere
4. Inevitable (adj)/ɪnˈevɪtəbl/: không thể tránh khỏi/that you cannot avoid or prevent- unavoidable.
=> It was inevitable that there would be job losses.
5. Let alone (phrase):huống chi là/used after a statement to emphasize that because the first thing is not true
or possible, the next thing cannot be true or possible either.
=> Some people never even read a newspaper, let alone a book.
6. Reverse (verb) /rɪˈvɜːs/: đảo ngược/to change the direction, order, position, result, etc. of something to its
opposite.
=> The government has failed to reverse the economic decline.
7. Alternative (noun) /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/: sự thay thế/a thing that you can choose to do or have out of two or more
possibilities.
=> The car is too expensive so we're trying to find a cheaper alternative.
8. Intentional (adj) /ɪnˈtenʃənl/: cố ý/planned or intended.
=> Did you leave his name out by accident or was it intentional?
9. Make major strides: tiến bộ tốt, cải tiến nhanh/to progress well.
10. Manipulation (noun) /məˌnɪpjuˈleɪʃn/:sự kiểm soát, sự thao túng/the control of someone or something in
order to get an advantage, often unfairly or dishonestly/ using something, often with a lot of skill.
=> Data manipulation.
11. Proponent (noun) /prəˈpəʊnənt/: người đề xuất/a person who supports an idea or course of action.
=> He is one of the leading proponents of capital punishment.
12. Equivalent (noun) /ɪˈkwɪvələnt/: vật tương đương, từ tương đương /a thing, amount, word, etc. that is equal
in value, meaning or purpose to something else.
=> Is there a French word that is the exact equivalent of the English word ‘home’?
13. Take place (phrasal verb):diễn ra/ to happen, especially after previously being arranged or planned.
=> The concert takes place next Thursday.
14. Disperse (verb)/dɪˈspɜːs/:xua tan, giải tán/to move apart and go away in different directions; to make
somebody/something do this.
=> The crowd dispersed quickly.
15. Eye-catching (adj) /ˈaɪkætʃɪŋ/:bắt mắt/(of a thing) immediately likely to attract attention because it is
particularly interesting, bright or attractive.
=> An eye-catching advertisement.
16. Sunshade (noun) /ˈsʌn.ʃeɪd/:ô dù/an object similar to an umbrella that you carry to protect yourself from
light from the sun.
=> A child’s buggy fitted with a sunshade.
17. Deposit (verb) /dɪˈpɒz.ɪt/ :thả, đặt, để/to put or lay somebody/something down in a particular place. ~ put,
place.
=> The bus deposited me miles from anywhere.
18. Spacecraft (noun) /ˈspeɪskrɑːft/:phi thuyền/a vehicle that travels in space.
=> They plan to send a spacecraft to the moon.
19. Transparent (adj)/trænsˈpærənt/:trong suốt/(of glass, plastic, etc…) allowing you to see through it.
=> The insect's wings are almost transparent.
20. Refract (verb)/rɪˈfrækt/: khúc xạ/(of water, air, glass, etc...) to make waves, such as those of light, sound or
energy, change direction when they go through at an angle.
=> Light is refracted when passed through a prism.
21. Aerosol (noun) /ˈeərəsɒl/: thuốc phun, thuốc xịt/a metal container in which liquids are kept under pressure
and forced out in a spray/ a liquid such as paint or hairspray that is kept under pressure in a metal container
and released as a spray.
=> An aerosol spray.
22. Stratosphere (noun) /ˈstræt.ə.sfɪər/:tầng bình lưu/a layer in the upper atmosphere of a planet where
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the temperature increases with height.
=> Most other planets in our solar system have stratospheres.
23. Cable (noun) /ˈkeɪ.bəl/:cáp/a set of wires, covered by plastic, that carries electricity, phone signals, etc.
=> A power cable.
24. Stimulate (verb)/ˈstɪmjuleɪt/:kích thích/to make something develop or become more active; to encourage
something.
=> The exhibition has stimulated interest in her work.
25. Radiation (noun) /ˌreɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/:bức xạ, phóng xạ/a form of energy that comes from a nuclear reaction and
that can be very dangerous to health.
=> A radiation leak from a nuclear power station.
26. Replenish (verb)/rɪˈplenɪʃ/: bổ sung, làm đầy/to make something full again by replacing what has been
used.
=> To replenish food and water supplies.
27. Latitude (noun)/ˈlætɪtjuːd/: vĩ độ/(uncountable) the distance of a place north or south of the equator (= the
line around the world dividing north and south), measured in degrees.
=> These birds only survive in temperate latitudes.
28. Laboratory (noun) /ləˈbɒr.ə.tər.i/:phòng thí nghiệm/a room or building used for scientific research,
experiments, testing, etc.
=> To send a specimen to the laboratory for analysis.
29. Reflect (verb)/rɪˈflekt/: phản xạ, phản chiếu/to show the image of somebody/something on the surface of
something such as a mirror, water or glass.
=> His face was reflected in the mirror.
30. Dim (verb) /dɪm/: che mù/if a light dims or if you dim it, it becomes or you make it less bright.
=> His eyesight is getting dim.
31. Overshoot (verb) /ˌəʊvəˈʃuːt/: quá đích/làm quá/to go further or do more than necessary or expected.
=> They didn't want to overshoot by laying off huge numbers of people and having to hire them back.
32. Scrutinise (verb)/ˈskruːtənaɪz/: nghiên cứu kĩ lưỡng/to look at or examine somebody/something carefully.
=> The statement was carefully scrutinised before publication.
33. Absorb (verb)/əbˈzɔːb/:hấp thụ/to take in a liquid, gas or other substance from the surface or space around.
=> Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air.
34. Implement (verb) /ˈɪmplɪment/: tiến hành, thực thi/to make something that has been officially decided start
to happen or be used.
=> A new work programme for young people will be implemented.
35. Cautious (adj)/ˈkɔːʃəs/: cẩn thận, cẩn trọng/being careful about what you say or do, especially to avoid
danger or mistakes; not taking any risks..
=> They've taken a very cautious approach.
36. Permanent (adj)/ˈpɜːmənənt/: bền vững, vĩnh viễn/lasting for a long time or for all time in the future;
existing all the time.
=> A permanent resident of the United States.
37. Precipitation (noun)/prɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃn/: lượng mưa, lượng tuyết/rain, snow, etc. that falls; the amount of this
that falls.
=> There is heavy precipitation in some parts of the country.
38. Reinforce (verb)/ˌriːɪnˈfɔːs/: củng cố/to make a structure or material stronger, especially by adding another
material to it.
=> Success in the talks will reinforce his reputation as an international statesman.
39. Have little faith in something: đặt ít niềm tin vào ... .
=> Have little faith in me.
40. Exclude (verb) /ɪkˈskluːd/:loại trừ/to prevent someone or something from entering a place or taking part in
an activity.
=> Try excluding fat from your diet.
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