QUIZ#2

DEFINE THE FOLLOWING:

1. Realism
Realism rejects imaginative idealization in favour of a close observation of outward appearances. As such,
realism in its broad sense has ‘comprised’ many artistic currents in different civilizations. When it comes to
Art, Realism is attempted to portray the subject as it is. When the artist chooses a subject or the character
from the nature, the artist select, change and arrange the details to express the idea or the image that he
wants to make clear.

2. Abstraction
The term 'abstract art' - also called "non-objective art", "non-figurative", "non-representational", "geometric
abstraction", or "concrete art" - is a rather vague umbrella term for any painting or sculpture which does not
portray recognizable objects or scenes. Abstract art moves away from showing things as they really are.
The Artist paints the image not as it really is.

 Distortion
Distortion to convey feelings and a particular mood, because often things can be expressed more
successfully in forms that are personalized, rather than through the use of realism. Distortion is a change of
reality’s depiction, altering it in a way that one is able to still recognize the item itself, but notices it is
changed in some manner. Ironically, by taking a reality and changing it, artists are often able to create
things that seem more real, due largely in part because of the expressiveness allowed in distortion or
abstraction.

 Elongation
Elongation is a form of abstract art that often depicts the stretched forms of people or objects in nature.
Elongation refers to that which is being lengthened, a protraction or an extension. Among the artist who
created elongation art was early 20 th-century artist Amedeo Modigliani, who is renowned for his use of
elongation in portraits as well as more abstract paintings.

 Mangling
Mangling in art shows subjects or objects which are cut, lacerated, mutilated or hacked with repeated
blows. This may not be a commonly used way of presenting n abstract subject but there are few artists
who show subject or objects.

 Cubism
Cubism derived its name from remarks that were made by the critic Louis Vauxcelles, who derisively
described Braque’s 1908 work Houses at L’Estaque as being composed of cubes. It stresses abstract
form through the use of a cone, cylinder, or sphere at the expense of other pictorial elements.

 Abstract Expressionism
Abstract Expressionism is an artistic movement of the mid-20 th century comprising diverse style and
techniques and emphasizing especially an artist’s liberty to convey attitudes and emotions through
nontraditional and usually nonrepresentational means. Departs completely from subject matter, from
studied precision, and from any kind of preconceived design.

3. Symbolism
A loosely organized literary and artistic movement that originated with a group of French poets in the late
19th century, spread to painting and the theatre, and influenced the European and American literatures of
 the 20th century to varying degrees. A symbolism, in general, is visible sign of something invisible such as
an idea or a quality.
4. Fauvism
Style of painting that flourished in France around the turn of the 20th century. Fauve artists used pure,
brilliant color aggressively applied straight from the paint tubes to create a sense of an explosion on the
canvas. The Fauves did not attempt to express ethical, philosophical, or psychological themes. Most of
these artists tried to paint pictures of comfort, joy and pleasure.

5. Dadaism
The name “Dada” French word meaning “Hobby House”. Sprang to life as a form of protest against the
absurdity and ridiculousness of modernity. Dadaism as a movement began during the early hours of the
1910s.The Dadaism reacted to what they believed were outgrown traditions in art, and the evils saw in
society.

6. Futurism
Futurism, Italian Futurismo, Russian Futurizm, early 20th-century artistic movement centred in Italy that
emphasized the dynamism, speed, energy, and power of the machine and the vitality, change, and
restlessness of modern life. Futurist painters wanted their works to capture the speed and force modern
industrial society.

7. Surrealism
Surrealism, movement in visual art and literature, flourishing in Europe between World Wars I and II.
Surrealism grew principally out of the earlier Dada movement, which before World War I produced works of
anti-art that deliberately defied reason; but Surrealism’s emphasis was not on negation but on positive
expression. Surrealism uses art as weapon against the evils and restrictions that surrealists see society.
This movement in art and literature was founded in Paris in 1924 by French poet Andre Breton.

8. Expressionism
Expressionism is artistic style in which the artist seeks to depict not objective reality but rather the subjective
emotions and responses that objects and events arouse within a person.The exponents of expressionism
believed in the necessity of a spiritual rebirth for man in an age that as first becoming influenced by
materialism.