AGRICULTURAL CROPS PRODUCTION NC II

REVIEWER

Unit Code Basic Units of Competency

500311105 Participate in workplace communication
500311106 Work in team environment
500311107 Practice career professionalism
500311108 Practice occupational health and safety
procedures

Unit Code Common Units of Competency

AFF 321201 Apply safety measures in farm
operations
AFF 321202 Use farm tools and equipment
AFF 321203 Perform estimation and calculations
AFF 321206 Process farm wastes
SOC 413206 Perform record keeping

Unit Code Core Units of Competency

AFF 610301 Perform nursery operations
AFF 610302 Plant crops
AFF 610303 Care and maintain crops
AFF 610304 Carry-out harvest and postharvest
operations

PERFORM NURSERY OPERATION

1. What are the common tools and their specific uses?
Answer: Digging tools- spade, hoe, spading fork, pick mattock
Propagation tools- pruning shears, pole cutter, budding knife, grafting knife
Other tools- trowel, wheelbarrow, dibbler, bolo, scissors

2. What are the factors to be considered in site selection for the nursery shed?
Answer: Flat area
Good drainage
Near source of water
Accessible to transport
Near to the production area

3. What are some of the materials needed in setting-up nursery shed?

Answer: Support post
Fish net
Plastic sheet
Coconut leaves
Wooden/bamboo benches
String wire

4. What are the characteristics of good quality seeds?

Answer: Free from pest, diseases and other damage
High viability
Free from mixtures

5. Give at least two techniques in breaking seed dormancy?

Answer: Scarification
Soaking in water
 Hot water treatment
Acid treatment

6. What is the importance of germination test?

Answer: To determine the viability of the seed
To determine the number of seed needed for planting

7. Out of 100 seeds only 65 germinated. What is the percentage germination?

Answer: 65 percent

8. Cite at least 3 components of growing media

Answer: Garden soil
Peatmoss
Saw dust
Coco Coir
Rice hull/carbonized rice hull
Compost
River sand
Animal manure

9. Give at least two characteristics of good growing medium?

Answer: Good aeration
Good water supply
Good drainage
Can supply nutrients

10. Give at least two advantages of asexual propagation?

Answer: produce true-to-type plant
Shortened bearing age
Propagate plants that do not produce viable seed
Propagate disease-free plants
Improve aesthetic value of ornamental plants

PLANT CROPS

11. Give at least three basic tools and equipment for land preparation?
Answer: plow, harrow, bolo, spade, garden hoe, rake

12. What will you do after collecting soil sample for analysis?
Answer: air-drying
Pulverizing
Packaging
Labelling

13. Give at least 2 planting systems

Answer: Square
Quincunx or diagonal
Hexagonal or triangular
Rectangular

14. Enumerate the activities in land preparation

Answer: Clearing
Plowing
Harrowing/levelling
 Furrowing
Lay-outing
Digging of holes

15. Cite a least three benefits of preparing the field before planting
Answer: -Gives the soil a fine tilth to increase nutrient absorption
-Control
-Increase soil porosity and aerate the soil
-Incorporate crop residues and other inputs (e.g fertilizer)
-Mixes the soil to bring up leached deposits
-Levels the field
-Prepares the soil for subsequent farm operations

16. Give at least two forms of tillage operations

Answer: Conventional
Conservation
Minimum
Zero

17. Why do you apply basal fertilizer?

Answer: To supply the initial nutrient needed by plants.

18. Give recommended rate of 60 grams/tree as basal fertilizer, Compute the total amount of fertilizer needed to
fertilize 100 trees.
Answer: 60 grams x 100 = 6000 grams or 6 kilos

19. What are the materials needed field lay-outing?

Answer: Planting plants, measuring tape, string, stakes

20. Give at least 5 crops that are direct seeded.

Answer: okra, pole sitao, corn, ampalaya, radish, carrots, peanut, soybean, mungbean, upo, patola, squash,
cucumber, etc.

21. Give at least 5 CROPS that are transplanted.

Answer: tomato, eggplant, pepper, lettuce, rice, coffee, cacao, coconut, santol, mango, black pepper,
ornamentals, etc.

CARE AND MAINTAIN CROPS

22. What are the major types of pests causing yield losses in crop production?
Answer: insects, disease, weeds

23. Identify three major pests in rice?

Answer: rice-planthopper, black bug, rice stemborer (mealybug, rice bug, grasshopper, snail, etc.)

24. Identify three major pests in corn?

Answer: corn borer, corn earworm, aphids (mites, stink bug)

25. Identify three major pests in fruit trees/plantation crops

Answer: mango- fruitfly, twig borer, shoot borer (scale insect, mealybug, others)
Cacao- mired bug, cacao pod borer, mealybug (aphids, scale)
Coffee- twig borer, weevil, berry borer (aphids, scale insect)
Coconut- coconut scale insect, brontispa, rhinoceros beetle (coconut leaf beetles, mites, mealy
bug)
26. Identify three major pests in vegetables
Answer: diamond back moth, fruit worm, cut worm (whitefly, aphids, mites, shoot borer, leafhoppers)

27. What are the different pest control measures? Explain one measures.
Answer: Mechanical, Physical, Sanitation, Biocontrol, Cultural, Chemical

28. What is your understanding about IPM?

Answer: IPM refers to the sustainable approach to managing pests by combining biological, physical and
chemical tools in a way that minimizes economics, health and environmental risks. (National IPM Network)

29. Collect weeds and identify classes where they belong.

Answer: grasses, sedges, and broadleaves

30. What is the importance of weed control?

Answer: to prevent competition for nutrients, water and sunlight

31. When is the right scheduling for weeding?

Answer: early vegetative stage of the crop and as the need arise (all crops)

32. Determine the nitrogen level of the fertilizer.

Answer: Urea (46 %)
Complete (14%)
Ammonium phosphate (16%)
Ammonium sulfate (21%)
Compost (based on the material)
33. Enumerate methods of fertilizer application. Demonstrate one application
Answer: Broadcasting, side dressing, basal, top dress, localized, foliar spray

34. What is the importance of pruning?

Answer: Growth orientation
Removal of infected plant parts
Ease of maintenance and harvesting
Flower induction
Increase light penetration for growth and pest control
Increase production

35. What method/s of pruning is applicable to a particular crop?

Answer: Topping- vegetables, ornamentals, plantation crops
Pinching- vegetables and ornamentals
Top pruning- fruit trees
Deleafing- vegetables and ornamentals

36. Explain the importance of hilling up and off-barring.

Answer: Aeration, control of soil boring insect pests and weeds

37. What are the different methods of watering crops? What method is applicable to a particular crop?
Answer: Drip- plantation, ornamentals, vegetables, fruit
Furrow- corn, banana, coffee, cacao
Sprinkler- ornamentals, vegetables
Flooding- rice

38. What is the importance of cultivation after planting?

Answer: Aeration, weed control

39. What crop need cultivation after planting?

Answer: fruit trees, vegetables, ornamentals, cereals

40. Is it possible to rejuvenate old plants? What is the importance of rejuvenation?

Answer: Yes
To improve/increase productivity of the crop
To maintain desired height
To remove diseased plant parts

41. In what crops rejuvenation is applicable?

Answer: Fruit and selected vegetables and ornamentals

42. What are the different plant rejuvenation techniques?

Answer: side grafting, cutting off unproductive branches, rationing

43. Demonstration rejuvenating techniques of your choices.

Answer: side grafting, grafting (inserting scion)
Ratooning- cutting off old branches (eggplant, okra etc)
Side pruning- removal of one side of the three (coffee, cacao)
Bending- bending of stem (coffee, cacao)

44. What is the importance of growth training?

Answer: Control shading, increase production, and improve aesthetic value in selected ornamentals

45. In what crops is growth training applicable?

Answer: vine crops, selected ornamentals, fruit trees and plantation crops

46. What are the benefits of mulching?

Answer: Conserve moisture, minimize erosion, suppress weed growth, insect control, provide additional
soil nutrient

47. Enumerate the different mulching materials.

Answer: rice hull and straw, coconut leaves and husks, dried leaves, plastic mulch saw dust

48. How do you discard and store hazardous materials and chemicals?
Answer: Discard hazardous materials by burying
Store hazardous materials in specific location
Follow all OSHS procedures

49. Identify at least three Good Agriculture Practices.

Answer: food safety, prevent cross contamination, practice field sanitation, personal hygiene, clean
workplace/ surrounding

CARRY-OUT HARVEST AND POSTHARVEST OPERATION

50. What are the types of maturity indices?

Answer: a. Physiological Indices
b. Physical Indices

51. What are the maturity indices for physiological related factors?
Answer: a. Days after flowering
 b. Days after fruit setting

52. What are the maturity indices for physical related factors?
Answer: a. change in color
b. change in size
c. change in texture

53. What are the items you are going to record related to crop to be harvested?
Answer: a. variety of crop
b. sources of seed and planting materials
c. planting calendar and calendar

54. What are the common obstruction before harvesting?

Answer: a. weeds
b. dead branches
c. leaf-out stakes and wedges

55. How do you call distinguish between materials, tools equipment?

Answer: Tools are manual and hand operated while equipment while equipment are normally driven with
small engines or motors, materials are common supply to carry out activity.

56. What pesticides do you use to control mites?

Answer: Use of miticide

58. What are examples of postharvest facilities for harvested mango?

Answer: a. hot water treatment
b. vapour heat treatment

59. How do you perform hot water treatment?

Answer: Dip harvested produces especially mango in hot temperature at 50-55 degree Celsius to 3-5 minutes.

60. What is pre-cooling process for vegetation?

Answer: The process of lowering the vegetation temperature to slow down deterioration and extend shelf life.

61. Are all insects pests?

Answer: No, some are beneficial

62. What is the industry-required quality indicator for fruit?

Answer: a. size
b. weight
c. appearance

63. Are there crops that needs primary processing and storage before marketing?
Answer: Yes, mostly planting crops

64. Identify at least three GAP (Good Agricultural Practices).

Answer: a. Practice personal hygiene
b. Observe proper handling of tools and equipment
c. Avoid cross-contamination of materials and practices

65. How will you demonstrate the proper handling of tools and equipment?
Answer: Read and follow the operation manual
66. What are the different stages in ripeness according to BAFPS standards for carabao mango?
Answer: a. Green
b. Breaker
c. Turning
d. Semi-ripe
e. Ripe
f. Over-ripe

67. What are the common mechanical type of fruit damage?

Answer: a. brushing
b. wounding
c. abrasion

68. How do you avoid damages? (follow- up, demonstration)

Answer: Use of crates

69. Why do we need labelling for harvested agricultural crops?

Answer: Because of the industry demand to trace the origin and destination.

70. What are the common storage pest?

Answer: a. insects
b. rodents
c. fungi
d. bacteria
e. mites

71. What entries should be entered in the insect pest logbook?

Answer: Date observed, location, pest identification

72. Why do we need to identify insect and pest storage?

Answer: related to control measure, economic value, food safety, quarantine requirements

73. What should be reported immediately to supervisors, and superiors/authorities?

Answer: Matters needing immediate decisions.
Examples: accident, unforeseen breakdown of tools, equipment

74. Are all farm waste biodegradable? Why?

Answer: No, example are black plastic bags/containers, pesticide containers and empty sacks

75. How then do you dispose them properly?

Answer: Segregate non-biodegradable and hazardous materials and dispose to collecting authority.

76. How do you identify hazardous materials?

Answer: Reading the warning labels

77. Identify the importance of users manual for tools and equipment?
Answer: a. the manual contains usage and safety procedures
b. shows require maintenance procedures

78. What PPE should you wear when working around the farm house?
Answer: a. over-all clothing
b. safety gloves
 c. farm shoes

79. What is quarantine?

Answer: control of transportation pest disease that may be present in of plants and plants materials.

GOOD LUCK 😊!!

12-MARILAG

Prepared by:
Ma”am Ge