_Lake~ -Of Rajasthan

.
= Lakes have much importance in Rajasthan in the .
Example: Lake Superior (U.S.A. - Canada), Wular
fields of water conservation, tourism, natural beauty, Lake (India). Chilka Lake (India)
irrigatioo, salt producticn, fisheries and spiritualism.
= Lakes are c;livided in~ two parts based ·on·its shape
and nature of water "respectively as given below:
-= itluP1»Jffiifttii .
Sambhar Lake in .RajMthan is at least height from
(i) Based On Shape . . Mean Sea Level (MSL)
a. Natural Lakes . .b. Artificial Lakes = In the first phase of 'National Lake Conserva.
(ii) Based On Nature of Water tion Project, Pichola, Fatehsagar, Ana Sagar and
a. Saline Lakes b, Fresh Water Lakes Pushkar Lakes are selected for conservation.
(i) Based On Shape . . = .Generally there are two .types of lakes in Rajasthan:
a. Natural Lakes (i) Fresh Water Lakes (ii) Saline Water Lakes
Lakes created due to geological movements and
. exogeneic forces are_called natural.lakes.
I (i) Fresh Water Lakes I
Example : Great Lakes of North America," Wular = Both natural and artificial lakes are found in Rajastban.
and Mansa~ver ~e of Indian Subcontinent. =.
·
Natural Fresh Water Lakes are Pushkar, Nakki,
Silised and Kolayat Lake etc.
b. Artificial I:.akes:
Lakes created by human activity like damming the =· ,
Artificial Fresh Water Lakes are Jaisamand, Pichola,
Rajsamand, Gep Sagar, Naval Sagar, Anasagar and
river etc. are called artificial lakes. Balsamand Lake.
Example: Jaisamand Lake, Pichola .Lake etc.
Jaisamand or Jaisamudra Lake (Udaipur)
(ii) Based on .Nature of Water:
a. Saline Lakes: =· It' is the largest fresh water lake of Rajasthan whic
= Lakes which have inflow of water but Lacks in
is called 'Dhebar' by local people. This is· also
c~ns_idered .to be the Largest Artificial Fresh
outflow of water are generally saline lakes. . .· .Water Lake of Asia.
=
EumpJe : (;upian Sea, Great Sak Lake of USA etc..
In Rajasthan all saline lakes are ·cons'idered to be
=; .This lake is situated between 73°56' E to 74°13'
. .longitudes and fi:om 24°12' N to 24°18' N latitudes
residual of Tethys Sea.' The Saline sea i.e. Tethys
Sea was extended between Gondwana Land and
=. It was constructed by ruler of Mewar, ·Maharan
Jai Singh in the year 1687-1691 by constructing
Angara Land (Laureasia) in Mesozoic Era. A dam on the river Gomati.
Geos}ncline was fonned due to deposition of silt into = It .is situated in the south -east of Udaipur nea
Tethys Sea. This Geosyncline rose higher due to Salumbar whic~ is_~ I kms away from Udaipur.
geologi~I movements and Himalayan .Mountains
were fonned and rest part remained as plain i.e.
= It e~tends in ·the Salumbar and Sarada tehsil o
·Udaipur. _Godi river .also drains into this lake.
Plains of Northern India. ' ·· There are seven islands in this lake on which Bbi
b. Fresh Water Lakes: and Meena tribes reside:
:, These types of lakes . have effective system of = ._Biggest Island is 'Baba Ka Bhqra (Baba Ka Mqra
· inflow and outflow of w~ter, hence salt is not and second biggest island is 'Pyari' (Bhatwada).
deposited in the lake. = Shayampur and·Bhat Canals originate from this lake
which irrigate nearby area.
 Rajasthar. : Geography, History, A:-t & Culture 67
'The Painted Bawa Mahal' and 'the Palace of Ruthi :» It is also ~led 'Connauaht Dam' as its foundation
Rani' is situated near Jaisamand Lake m a hill, ear- stone was led by 'Duke of Connauaht'.
lier this hill used to be the winter capital of Mewar. :» It is situated in the north of Udaipur and is connected
Pichhola Lake (Udaipur) to Pichchola Lake through Swaroop Sagar.
= This beautiful lake covers around 7 kms in the :» 'Nehru Park' and 'Solar Observatory' are century
on the islands of Fateh Sagar Lake.
western part of Udaipur. It gets water from
Sisrama and Bhujhara or Bujhada rivers. . . = World's biggest telescope MAST: (Multi Application
= It is assumed that this lake was constructed in the Solar Telescope Solar Observatory) was installed
in this lake on 16th June, 2015. It was .installed in
Pichhola village by a Banjara (probably l.akhi Banjara)
.. during the reign of Rana Lakha in the 14th century. Udaipur Solar Observa~ry.
Later it was rennovated by Maharana Udai Singh. = Udaipur Solar O~ry was established in ·lhe year
= On the eastern coast of Pichchola,.a small pond called
Dudh Talai is -situated. 'Jagniwas and Jagmandir
1976 under the Space Department of India. It was
. established by Dr.Arvind Bhatnagar and it is based
Palace' are situated•on'two islands of this lake: on the observatory model of '~ig Bear ~ake' of USA
= 'Raj Palace of Udaipur (City Palace)', 'Jagdish
=
in California. . .
Saheliyon ki Bari, Maharana· Pratap Monument,
· .-
· Temple' and Natani Ka Chabutara' are situated
at the bank of this lake. Moti Magri, Neemach Mata Temple_and' Sanjay
= Jagniwas Palace ·(Among the most beautiful pal'." Park are situated at its bank. ·
. . _,. aces of the world) was constructed ·by Maharana PushkarLake or Sarovar (Ajmer)
··
.
=
Jagat Singh in the year 1746. .
Deity temples are situated at the bank of Pichchola
= It.is situated 11 kms away from Ajmdr city in ~be ·
north-west direction. It is considered very sacred
Lake. Foot-prints (Pagalya) of Chamuitda are for . Hindus. _Ii was;. ~onstructed by Lord Brahma
worshipped here. · according to Padina Puran. There :are 52 Ghats at
:.~ -· This lake is connected to·Fatehsagar Lake through the bank of this lake:: -

=
Swaroop Sagar, Rang Sagar and Kurnhariya Pond.
Sahajada Khurram (Shahjahan) took shelter in .the
= the biggest Ghat'is'Mahatma Gandhi Ghat (Gau
Ghat). Other than this ghat/ Brahma ·Ghat and
Jagmandir Palace after · his ·fight with his father Varah Ghat are also unportant. ·These ghats were
Jahangir during the reign of Maharana Karan Singh. contructed by ruler of Mandore'. Gau Ghat was
= Britisoors who fled from Neemach Cantonm~ µi the renovated by·Maratha ·Sardars. Gau Ghat is .the most
year 1857 also becaire refugee in Jagmandir P~. famous ghat of Pushk.ar Lake. It is.assum~d that
Rajsamand Lake (Rajsamand): Guru Govind Singh (Sikh's 10th Guru) .recited'
Guru .Gr..th S~~.' pn Gau Ghat.in the year 1705.
:, This lake was constructed by Maharana Raj~ingh in
the·year 1662 by constructing a dam on Gomati River. = India's _most famous temple of Lord Brahma is situ-
ated OD the bank of Pushkar Lake.It is a belief that
:, This lake is 6.5 km long and 3 km wide· and ii is
situated in the north of Kankroli Railway Station.
cons~ction of this temple· ~d establfsbment of
Brahma Sculpture was done _by ,Adi Sbankaracharya
:, Northern part of Rajsamand Lake is cailed while the present temple was constructed by
"Nochowki". Gokufohaild Pareek in the year 1752. Rajasthan's
:, There are 2S marble rock edicts on which "RAJ second Brahma Temple is established in Asotara
PRASHASTI" (inscription) is cng~-ved. This '· . (Banner) by Sailit Khetaram. Other than ~ temples
inscription consists the history about the establishment Rathai, Kalindri, Bisantaarh (Sirohi) ·and Chinch
of Mewar Empire in Sanskrit language. , (Banswara) also are Brahma Temples .iri Rajasthan.
:, The temple of 'Ghevar Mata' and 'Fort of Dayal
Shah' are situated OD' 'its bank.
= 'Bhura(Old)-Pushkar'. and 'Kanisth (Youn1 or
Junior) Pushkar' arc situated near Pushkar Sarovar.
Fateh Sagar Lake (Udaipur) = Every year, 'Pushkar Fair' is held in the month of
= It was constructed by Maharana Jaisingh in the year
=
Karthik from Ekadashi to Purnima. . ·-':'' ·
It is also considered spritually important to bath in
1687.Later it was rennovated by Maharana Fateh
Singh in the year ·1900. Pushkar Sarovar on Karthik Purnima, · ·

mlft-#&MIP MAfW
1
 Rajasthan : Geograph y, History, Art' & Culture 68

:,, Savitri Temple on the peak of Ratnagiri Hill, constructe d by Maharaja Vinay Singh for his
Rangnath (Rama ·Bakunth) Temple contructed in Queen Sheela in the year 1845.
South Indi~.:i Style, Varah Temple, Atmeshwar Naval Sagar/ Navlakha Sagar (Bundi)
Temple and Gayatri Temple are situated near the
bank of Pushkar Lake.
= This lake was constructed by King Ummed Singh. It
·= Man Palace which was constructed by the ruler of
Mewar Raja Man Singh, is also situated on bank
=
is situated at the foothills of Tara1arh Fort of Bundi.
On the bank of this lake, 'Sundar Palace' and
'Sundar Ghat' were constructed by King Vishnu
of Pushkar Lake. Presently R.T.D.C. is running Singh for his queen Sunciar Sh~bha. 'V~' Temple
'Hotel Sarovar' at 'Man Palace'.
= 'Queen Marry Janana Ghar' was established in the
(Water Deity) is also situated m the nuddle of lake
which seems to be half submerged.
year 1911 near Pushkar Lake in the memory of Queen
Marry of England when she travelled to Pushkar. BahamandLake(Jodhpu~
Ana Sagar Lake (Ajnaer) ·
=. This lake was contructed by ruler of Mandore Balak
= It is situated at the foothills of Nag Pahar(Hill) near
Ajmer .
Rao Pratihar. 'Hotel Lake Palace' is situated near I
the bank of this river. .
= It was by Ajmer's Chauhan ruler Anaji (Arnoraj) in Gep Sagar (Dungarpur)
= This lake was constructed by ruler of Dungarpur
I
the year 113 7. 'J3arahdari' · was construted by
Shahjahan, which is situated near its bank. 'Doulat Maharwal Gopmath. 'Uday Vilas Palace' and 'Raj
. Bagh' which is now_known as 'Subhash Garden' · Rajeshwar Temple' are situated near the bank of
was ~tructed by Mughal ruler Jahangir. this lake.
.= Bandi River water drains into Anasagar Lake. =· 'Badal Palace' is situated in this lake. 'Goverdhan
. Nakki Lake (Mount Abu, Sirohi) Nath Temple' was constructe d by Maharaval I
= It was assumed that this ·lake was -constructed by
male deities in one night only by digging lake
Punjraj. Sculptures of Fatehgarh i, Raja Bali,
Vivekanand Monument, Meera of Vagad 'Gavari
wi~ help of thejr nails. Bai', Nana Bbai Kbant and Veer Balika Kali Bai
'
=
r
are also situated near this lake.
As per another public assumed story, this lake is
a
related to 'Rasiya Salam and Story of Vir1in Udaisagar Lake
=
Girl'. However, geologist consider it as a natural lake. It was constructe d by Maharana of Mewar
= It is the Highest Lake .of Rajasthari which is situated
at a height of 1220 .mtrs. =
Udaisingh during the year 1559 to 1564 A.O.
J

Ayad river drains into this lake and drains out with
= Raghunath Ji Temple, Todd Rock, Nun Rock, a name called Berach River.
Parrot Rock, Hathi Cave(Gumpha), Ram Pa!'nalal Shah Pond (Khetri, Jhunjhunu)
Jharokha Cave and Champa Cave (Ghumpha)
are situated near its bank. Shape (layout) of this
= This pond was constructed by Pannalal Shalt in the
year 1870. Swami Vivekanand stayed in a house
lake is similar to the map of Australia.
near this lake when he was invited by Jagirdar of
KolayaJ Lake (Bikaner) Khetri Ajeet Singh.
= It is situated to the south of Bikaner city (50 krns Ta~ Cb~hapar Lake (Churu)
·away)' on Bikaner-Jaisalmer National Highway
(NH-15) near Kolayat town. The worship place
= This lake is situated in the Tai Chhaper Sanctuary
of founder of s·arnkhya Philosophy i.e. Kapila is of Churu. This lake is also related to hibernation
period of Pandavas.
also near Kolayat Lake.
:, . It is a very important lake in the Thar Desert. A I (ii) Saline Water Lakes
grand fair is org~ised Qn the occasion of,J(arthik
_ Purnima near this. lake. There is special ·importance
= Saline. lakes found in Rajasthan are residual of
Tethys Sea.
of donating earthem lamps in this fair. .
Regions which are found as residuals of Tethys
Silisedh Lake Sea are called 'Taad'.
· :, It is surrounded by' Aravali Range and it is situated
13kms away from Alwar city. It covers around
= Major saline lakes of Rajasthan are- Sambhar (Jaipur,
Nagaur), Deedwana (Nagaur), Panchpadra
IO sq.km area. Royal Lodge {Hunting Place) and (Banner), Lunkaransar(Bikaner), Degana (Nagaur)!
six storyed palace named 'Silishedh Palace' was Kuchaman (Nagaur), Pokaran (Jaisalmer), Falodi
 RaJaathan : Geography, Hlat~ry, Art & Culture 69
(Jodhpur), Kothhor (Sikar) and Rewasa (Sikar). this lake, 101t1e others consider water as its 10Urce while
Sambhar Lake (2~58'N latitude, 75°0S'E lonpude) some consider local rocks to be the source of aalt.
It is located 80 kms south- west to Jaipur. Some =
= area Hindustan Salt Limited- It produces Sodiwn C'hloride,
of it is also situated in Nagaur. Sodium Sulphate, Sodium Carbonate and Sodium
= It is the laraest inland saline lake of India. Bicarbonate.
= Chilka Lake in Odisha is the largest coastal saline = This lake produces about 1,96,000 ton salt, which
take in India. lt is a lagoon type lake. is 7 to 9 % of total salt production of India.
= This lake produces highest quantity of salt in Panchpadra Lake (Barmer) ·
Rajasthan. Its total area is 150 sq.kms. In case of
high rainfall it covers approximately 230 sq. krns.
= It is situated near Panchpadra in Barmer district.
town
It covers about 25 sq. krns area.
Its catch~ent area expands in Jaipur, Ajmer,
Nagaur S1kar and covers about 5700 sq. kms.
= High quality salt is produced by people of Kharwal
= This lake was declared as Ramsar Wetland Site on
25ili March, 1990.
caste here . They use traditional m<;thods.They
collect salt using twigs of Morli (bush or shrub).
This salt contain Sodium Chloride upto 98% .
~ Four major rivers: Rupangarh, Mentha, Khari and
Khandela drain into this lake. Lunkaransar Lake (Bikaner) :
~ There is contradiction regarding source of salt in = It is located in Lunkarnsar, 80 kms away from
this lake. Holland considers that wind carries salt into Bikaner.

Districtwise important Lakes, Dams, Ponds, ·Johads, Wetland Sites and Rann
l Jaipur Galta Kund, Rarngarh Dam, Mawatha Pond (Aangai Dam), Ramsagar -
(Amer), Chaparvada, Mansagar (Jal Mahal), 16, Bbaratpur Sahi Dam, Bandh Barentha, Ajan Dam,
Sarrbhar(Shakambhari)Lake,KanaaDam, Gular 17. Sawai lsharda Dam, Morel Dam.
Dam, CbandlaiDam (fumousformigratotybiros) Mdqm
2 Cburu . Talchhapar, Johad of Sethani, Pithana Johad, 18. Karauli Panchana Dam, Chulideh, Jaggar Dam
Pathrala Johad. 19. Chittorgarh
Meja Dam, Sareri Dam, Ummed Sagar, Khari Rana Pratap Sagar, Bhupal Sagar, Orai,
3. Bbilwara GambhiriDam. ·
Dam, Jaitpura Dam, Nahar Sagar
20. Bundi Navlakha Lake (Naval Sagar), Bansi Duggari
4. Bikaner Gajner, Anoop Sagar, Soor Sagar, Mousagar,
Jaitsar, Gajroop Sagar. lake, Cbakan, Jaitsl~Dam,Kamk:Sa~Lake.
5. Jalore BankliDam, Jaitpura Dam, Bithan Dam, Padra 21. Kda Jawahar Sagar, Kota Barrage, Takli, Sawan-
Pond, Nosara Dam. Bhado · . .
6. Barmer Pachpadra Lake. Meli Dam, Chandra Dam, 22. Dungarpur Gep Sagar, Som-Kamla-Amba ~ Kadana
ThobRann. Backwater Dam.
7. Pali 23, Banswara Mahi Bajaj Sagar Dam, Kagadi Pick-up Weir
Jawai Dam, Hemavas Dam, Bankli Dam, Sardar
Samand, Rajsagar, Chq)ra Dam, OripatiyaDam, U3m
Kot Dam, Baniyavas Darn. 24. Rajsamaod Rajsamand, Nandsamand (Nath dwara)
8. Jodbpur Balsamand and Kaylana Ummed Sagar, Takht Chadrabhaga Dam: · '
Sagar, Pratap Sagar, Pichiyak Dam (Jaswant 25, Udaipur Jaisamand, Dudh Talai, Pichchola, Fateh-
Sagar), Guiab Sagar. sagar, Janasagar (Ba<li ka Talab), Udaisagar,
9. Sirobi Nakki Lake, Banas Dam, Ranelao. Pond, Swaroop Sagar, Rang. Sagar, Goverdhan
Selvada Dam. Sagar, Som-Kagdar Dam.
10. Nagaur Sambhar, Deedwana, Degana, Kuchaman, 26, Jhalawar Mansarover_Lake, Cbhapi, Bheem Sagar,
HarsorDam. Gomati Sagar .
11. Ajmer Pushkar, Anasagar, Foysagar, Narayan Sagar 27. Sikar Pithampuri (Neein Ka Thana), Raipur Dam
Dam, Lasadiya Darn, Shiv Sagar, Ram Sagar 28. Jhunjbunu Pannalal Shah Pond (Khetri)
Wetland Site. 29. Jaisalmer Gadc;isar, Amarsagar, Dharsisagar, Bhujhl.ake.
12, Tonk Bisalpur Dam, Tordisagar, Motisagar, Galra 30. Ranuman Talwada Lake
Dam, Cbandscn Lake, Diggi Pond. -garb
13. Alwar Silisedh Lake, Jaisamand, Tijara Dam. 31. Pnilppm Jakham Dam, Nangaliya Pick-up Weir Dam
14, Dllllla Saintha1 Sagar Dam, Kala Kho Dam, Chandrana 32. Baran DolPond
Dam, Madhosagar, RediaDam. 33. Sri Bhuddha Johad Kund

-15. Dbolpur Talabsani, Urmila Sagar, Parwati Dam Ganpiagar