MEE40002 – Mechanical Systems Design
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR AMBARISH KULKARNI
LECTURE – 7
Systemic Thinking, Concurrent Engineering, Noise and
Vibration
ambarishkulkarni@swin.edu.au CRICOS provider 00111D
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REVISE AND REFLECT WEEK 1
• Chapter 1: Understanding design:
• Chapter 2: Design ability
• Chapter 3: Expertise in engineering design
• Chapter 4: The design process
• Chapter 5: New design procedure
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REVISE AND REFLECT WEEK 2
• Strategy Control
• You need to manage your design strategy too.
• Keep your objectives clear.
• Keep your strategy under review – why is this
important?
• Framing
• Identifies the problem that needs to be solved, it
gives the designer a clear direction to the next stage 3
of design. It is subjective!
REVISE AND REFLECT WEEK 3
Managing Design
• How will this product be maintained in the future?
• Can you maintain it, or it is it a case of once it doesn’t work throw
it out? What are the implications of this?
• If you can maintain this product, are the parts easy to access?
Systematic thinking
• The concept of Systemic Thinking has its basis in pattern thinking.
• We often pride ourselves on our ability to be analytical as
engineers.
• What does it mean to be analytical?
• To analysis problems well? 4
REVISE AND REFLECT WEEK 4
• Library and las information session
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REVISE AND REFLECT WEEK 5
Concurrent Engineering
• Concurrent – existing, happening or done together.
• Your design steps and processes will have to be done in
conjunction with each other.
Noise and vibration
• When we talk about noise in this situation, we mean
sound. Not electrical feedback, but physical sound.
• An engineer would have to be incredibly unusual to
complete their engineering career without ever having 6
encountered a noise related issue.
DESIGN PROJECT
The project report is due in 5 weeks…..
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DESIGN PROJECT
The project report is due in 5 weeks…..
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TODAYS OBJECTIVE
• This week we will look at:
• Human factors
• What is ‘Human Factors’?
• Work Stations
• Sizing or Anthropometry
• Guarding
• Cognitive Load
• Thermal Comfort
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HUMAN FACTORS
• What are ‘Human Factors’?
• It is the study of how humans fit into situations.
• Have you ever used something only to think it was an irritating and stupid
design that made the object hard to use?
That’s what Human Factors tries to eliminate.
• It is also known as Ergonomics.
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HUMAN FACTORS
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HUMAN FACTORS
• People will be critical in your engineering career.
• You need to understand what people are capable of and what you’re asking of
them.
• Welding, what kind of precision do you require, expectations etc
• Human factors can give you an edge in your career.
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HUMAN FACTORS
• What kinds of things do you look at in Human Factors?
• Thermal Comfort
• Visual aids
• Noise
• Auditory signals
• Space
• Position of workspace
• Seating or Standing
• Size of anthropometric data
• Vibration
• Cognitive Load
• Load on Body
• Lifting
• Guarding 13
• Smell
HUMAN FACTORS
• As you can see, this is a very large field.
• We are going to look at a few different things from human factors, the biggest
one will be Noise.
• This week we will look at anthropometry, workstations, load on the body,
vibration, guarding, cognitive load and thermal comfort.
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HUMAN FACTORS
• This week we will look at :
• Anthropometry
• Workstations
• Load on the Body
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Sizing or Anthropometry.
• This is the study of the size of the human body and it’s various ratios.
• Most available data comes from where?
• Is it dependant on race?
• Is it dependant on sex?
• Have we changed our ratios throughout history?
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Sizing or Anthropometry.
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HUMAN FACTORS
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Work Stations.
• Work stations need to be thinking about the following
• Seated v’s standing
• Flat work surfaces v’s slanted (150)
• Working height - Heavy work v’s precision work
• Screens
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Work Stations.
• Seated v’s standing
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Workstations.
• Seated v’s standing
• Sitting has been found to be as detrimental to health as smoking
• This is changing all the time.
• What is the best position for staff working in an assembly situation? If
they’re standing, how easy is it to access what you need? How much
movement do you do in a day? Is it easier to move around or to stand in
one position all day?
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Work Stations.
• Seated v’s standing
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Work Stations.
• Flat work surfaces v’s slanted (150)
• Flat work surfaces can place undue stress on the neck and shoulders of
a user.
• Slanted work surfaces can be problematic if you are assembling small
things. Why? How could you overcome this?
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Work Stations.
• Flat work surfaces v’s slanted (150)
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Work Stations.
• Working height - Heavy work v’s precision work
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Work Stations.
• Screens
• Remember not too close, but not too far away
• Eye strain is not good for a person
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Load on the Body.
• When you look at designing systems that interact with people, you need to
look at the load it places on the body.
• Load in this case is force and energy expenditure.
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Load on the Body.
• This makes engineers feel comfortable as it applies mechanical theory to
the human body – it is also known as .
• It allows you to find the load that is placed on the different position of the
body. (Back injuries are still an issue in lots of workplaces)
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HUMAN FACTORS - BIOMECHANICAL MODELLING
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HUMAN FACTORS
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PHARYNGEAL AIRWAY MODELLING
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CAD MODEL OF PHARYNGEAL AIRWAY
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VELOCITY MAGNITUDE AT 55 LPM
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Load on the Body.
• There is no longer a ‘safe’ weight in legislation to lift.
• Why?
• What other factors do you think need to come into this?
• It is recommended back injuries can increase significantly when the weight
is greater than 16kg. What do you think?
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Load on the Body.
• What other factors do you think need to come into this?
• Height
• Size
• Centre of gravity of what’s being lifted
• Twist
• Starting location
• Finishing location
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Load on the Body.
• When thinking about the load on a body, what happens when you’ve being
doing the same loading for hours?
• It is a good idea that when you’re designing something that you think about
how it might impact the person using it.
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HUMAN FACTORS
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NkQ58I53mjk
HUMAN FACTORS
• Guarding
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Guarding
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Guarding
• http://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/
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HUMAN FACTORS
• Cognitive Load
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ZcjWzXTHng&ab_channel=HealthEdSolutions
HUMAN FACTORS
• Thermal Comfort
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zPX_bENLJNg
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THANK YOU!
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR AMBARISH KULKARNI
ambarishkulkarni@swin.edu.au
CRICOS provider 00111D
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