Philip Cohen (British biochemist)
Sir Philip Cohen (born 22 July 1945) is a
Sir
distinguished English biochemist known for his
extensive contributions to the field of biochemistry, Philip Cohen
FRS FRSE FMedSci
especially to the understanding of the role of reversible
protein phosphorylation in cell regulation.[4] Born 22 July 1945
Middlesex, England
Education University College London
Early life and education Known for research into protein
phosphorylation
Cohen was born on 22 July 1945. After attending
Spouse Tricia Cohen
Hendon County Grammar School in North London
from 1956 to 1963, he pursued a B.Sc. in Biochemistry Awards Anniversary Prize of the FEBS
at University College London, graduating with 1st (1977)
Class Honours in 1966.[5] Colworth Medal (1977)[1]
CIBA Medal (1991)
Prix van Gysel (1992)
Research and career RSE Bruce Preller Prize (1993)
Cohen continued at University College London and Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine
obtained his PhD in Biochemistry in 1969 under the (1997))[2]
guidance of Dr. Michael A. Rosemeyer. His thesis was Datta Medal (1997)
entitled "The Subunits of Glucose-6-Phosphate Knight Bachelor (1998)
Dehydrogenase". Cohen's early postdoctoral work was RSE Royal Medal (2004)[3]
supported by an SRC-NATO Postdoctoral Fellowship,
Royal Medal (2008)
allowing him to collaborate with Professor Edmond H.
Fischer at the University of Washington in Seattle from Albert Einstein World Award of
Science (2014)
1969 to 1971.[6]
Scientific career
In 1971, Cohen returned to the UK, taking up a
Fields protein phosphorylation
Lecturer position in the Department of Biochemistry at
the University of Dundee. This was a position he held Institutions University of Dundee
until December 1978. During this period, he also Doctoral Michael Rosemeyer
received a Wellcome Trust Special Research advisor
Fellowship from January 1976 to December 1978. His Notable Dario Alessi, Claire E. Eyers
career at Dundee saw a series of promotions: he students
became a Reader in the Department of Biochemistry in Website www.lifesci.dundee.ac.uk/people
1978, and by 1981, he was appointed Professor of /philip-cohen (http://www.lifesci.d
Enzymology.[7] undee.ac.uk/people/philip-cohe
n)
Cohen's contributions to the field were recognized by the Royal Society, which appointed him as a
Research Professor at the University of Dundee from October 1984 to September 2010. His leadership
roles expanded over the years, with him directing the Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation
Group from 1983 to 1989, the Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation Unit from 1990 to
March 2012[8] and the Scottish Institute for Cell Signalling from 2008 until 2012.[9] He reverted to his
original position as Professor of Enzymology at the School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, from
April 2012 onwards. His expertise also brought him to the international stage, serving as a Vallee Visiting
Professor at Harvard Medical School since November 2013.[10]
Cohen played a pivotal role in forming the Division of Signal Transduction Therapy in July 1998, co-
directoring it with Sir Peter Downes until June 2012 and continuing as its deputy director until 2022.[11]
In 2023, Cohen and his family set up the Tricia Cohen Memorial Trust (TCMT) to provide PhD
studentships in memory of his late wife and colleague Tricia to whom he was married for over 50
years.[12]
Awards and recognition
Cohen was elected a Member of the European Molecular Biology Organisation in 1982 and subsequently
became a Fellow of the Royal Societies of both London and Edinburgh in 1984. He received the CIBA
Medal and Prize (now the Novartis Medal and Prize) from the British Biochemical Society in 1992.[13] In
the 1990s he won prizes such as the Prix Van Gysel of the Belgian Royal Academies of Medicine, the
Bruce-Preller Prize of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, the Pfizer Innovation Award for Europe[14], and
the Louis Jeantet Prize for Medicine.[15]
He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1998 for "Services to Biochemistry".[16] He also received
honors, including the Sir Hans Krebs Medal of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies, the
Bristol-Myers Squibb Distinguished Achievement Award[17][18], the Debrecen Award for Molecular
Medicine and the Rolf Luft Award of the Karolinska Institute, Sweden.[19][20] He was also recognised as
the World's second-most cited scientist in "Biology and Biochemistry" from 1992 to 2003 and received
Royal Medals from both the Royal Society of Edinburgh (2004) and Royal Society of London
(2008).[21][22]
Cohen has been appointed as a Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA in
2008 National Academy of Sciences and a Fellow of the American Society for Microbiology in 2009. His
lifetime contributions were acknowledged with the MRC Millenium Medal in 2013, the Albert Einstein
World Award of Science in 2014, and recipient of the Lifetime Achievement Award from Scotland's Life
Sciences Industry and The Herald Higher Education Lifetime Achievement Award in 2023.[23]
Notable Contributions
Cohen has made advances to the understanding of how protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation
events regulate cell life, His contributions include the dissection of a major part of the insulin signal
transduction pathway,[24] the classification of protein phosphatases and identification of mechanisms that
regulate their biological functions, and the dissection of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades.[25] Sir
Philip also developed large panels of protein kinases to profile the specificities of protein kinase
inhibitors that have been used widely in the development of kinase-inhibiting drugs and to study the roles
of protein kinases in cell regulation. Since 2008 his research has focused on how the interplay between
protein phosphorylation and protein ubiquitylation regulates innate immunity. Earlier in his career he also
made several contributions to the understanding of how glycogen molecules are synthesized de novo and
the molecular mechanisms that trigger the mobilisation of glycogen. Some notable examples of his
publications on these topics are the following:
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 from rabbit skeletal muscle; separation from cyclic AMP-
dependent protein kinase and phosphorylase kinase.[26]
Glycogen synthase from rabbit skeletal muscle: effects of insulin on the state of
phosphorylation of the seven phosphoserine residues in vivo
Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 by insulin mediated by protein kinase B
Mechanism of activation of protein kinase B by insulin and IGF‐1
Molecular basis for the substrate specificity of protein kinase B; comparison with MAPKAP
kinase-1 and p70 S6 kinase
Characterization of a 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase which phosphorylates
and activates protein kinase Bα.[27]
References
1. Cohen, P (1979). "The hormonal control of glycogen metabolism in mammalian muscle by
multivalent phosphorylation". Biochemical Society Transactions. 7 (3): 459–80.
doi:10.1042/bst0070459 (https://doi.org/10.1042%2Fbst0070459). PMID 221283 (https://pu
bmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/221283).
2. Louis-Jeantet Prize (https://www.jeantet.ch/en/prix-louis-jeantet/laureats/1997-en/professeur
-philip-cohen/)
3. "The Royal Society of Edinburgh Royal Medals" (https://www.rse.org.uk/awards/royal-medal
s/). Retrieved 8 June 2019.
4. "Philip Cohen" (https://royalsociety.org/people/philip-cohen-11246/). royalsociety.org.
Retrieved 25 December 2023.
5. "Principal Investigator | Philip Cohen | MRC PPU" (https://www.ppu.mrc.ac.uk/research/princ
ipal-investigator/biography/philip-cohen). www.ppu.mrc.ac.uk. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
6. "cell.com" (https://www.cell.com/current-biology/pdf/S0960-9822(99)80174-2.pdf) (PDF).
7. "Principal Investigator | Philip Cohen" (https://www.ppu.mrc.ac.uk/research/principal-investig
ator/biography/philip-cohen). www.ppu.mrc.ac.uk. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
8. "mrc.ukri.org" (https://resources.mrc.ukri.org/establishments/mrc-protein-phosphorylation-an
d-ubiquitylation-unit).
9. "Follow the money: Scotland funds a brain gain" (https://sciencebusiness.net/news/69223/F
ollow-the-money%3A-Scotland-funds-a-brain-gain). Science|Business. Retrieved
25 December 2023.
10. "Sir Philip Cohen, PhD" (https://thevalleefoundation.org/programs/vvp/sir-philip-cohen-phd).
thevalleefoundation.org. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
11. "Philip Cohen" (https://theconversation.com/profiles/philip-cohen-334608). The
Conversation. 31 January 2017. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
12. "Welcome to The Tricia Cohen Memorial Trust" (https://tcmt.org.uk/). The Tricia Cohen
Memorial Trust. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
13. "Excellence in Science Award" (https://www.biochemistry.org/grants-and-awards/awards/leg
acy-awards/excellence-in-science-award/). www.biochemistry.org. Retrieved 25 December
2023.
14. "The Pfizer Award 1999 | MRC PPU" (https://www.ppu.mrc.ac.uk/news/pfizer-award-1999).
www.ppu.mrc.ac.uk. 31 October 1999. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
15. admin (17 September 2017). "The Louis-Jeantet Prizes | Jeantet" (https://www.jeantet.ch/e
n/louis-jeantet-prize/prix-louis-jeantet/). Retrieved 25 December 2023.
16. "Sir Philip Cohen, PhD | The Vallee Foundation" (https://thevalleefoundation.org/programs/v
vp/sir-philip-cohen-phd). thevalleefoundation.org. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
17. "Bristol-Myers Squibb Award | MRC PPU" (https://www.ppu.mrc.ac.uk/news/bristol-myers-sq
uibb-award). www.ppu.mrc.ac.uk. 1 October 2002. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
18. "OUH - News archive" (https://www.ous-research.no/home/institute/news/10476). www.ous-
research.no. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
19. "Debrecen Award for Molecular Medicine 2004 | Faculty of Medicine" (https://aok.unideb.hu/
en/debrecen-award-molecular-medicine-2004). aok.unideb.hu. Retrieved 25 December
2023.
20. "Philip Cohen Receives Prestigious Rolf Luft Award in Stockholm, Sweden | MRC PPU" (htt
ps://www.ppu.mrc.ac.uk/news/philip-cohen-receives-prestigious-rolf-luft-award-stockholm-s
weden). www.ppu.mrc.ac.uk. 3 October 2006. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
21. "Sir Philip Cohen, PhD | The Vallee Foundation" (https://thevalleefoundation.org/programs/v
vp/sir-philip-cohen-phd). thevalleefoundation.org. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
22. "Lifetime Achievement Award for Professor Sir Philip Cohen | Welcome to Bio-Dundee" (http
s://www.biodundee.co.uk/science-city/news/lifetime-achievement-award-professor-sir-philip-
cohen). www.biodundee.co.uk. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
23. "Professor Sir Philip Cohen Receives MRC Millennium Medal" (http://www.technologynetwor
ks.com/proteomics/news/professor-sir-philip-cohen-receives-mrc-millennium-medal-20599
9). Proteomics & Metabolomics from Technology Networks. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
24. De Meyts, Pierre (2000), Feingold, Kenneth R.; Anawalt, Bradley; Blackman, Marc R.;
Boyce, Alison (eds.), "The Insulin Receptor and Its Signal Transduction Network" (http://ww
w.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK378978/), Endotext, South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com,
Inc., PMID 27512793 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27512793), retrieved 25 December
2023
25. "Philip Cohen" (https://royalsociety.org/people/philip-cohen-11246/). royalsociety.org.
Retrieved 25 December 2023.
26. Embi, N.; Rylatt, D. B.; Cohen, P. (June 1980). "Glycogen synthase kinase-3 from rabbit
skeletal muscle. Separation from cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase and phosphorylase
kinase" (https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1432-1033.1980.tb06059.x). European Journal of
Biochemistry. 107 (2): 519–527. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1980.tb06059.x (https://doi.org/10.
1111%2Fj.1432-1033.1980.tb06059.x). ISSN 0014-2956 (https://search.worldcat.org/issn/00
14-2956). PMID 6249596 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6249596).
27. Alessi, Dario R.; James, Stephen R.; Downes, C.Peter; Holmes, Andrew B.; Gaffney, Piers
R.J.; Reese, Colin B.; Cohen, Philip (April 1997). "Characterization of a 3-phosphoinositide-
dependent protein kinase which phosphorylates and activates protein kinase Bα" (https://do
i.org/10.1016%2Fs0960-9822%2806%2900122-9). Current Biology. 7 (4): 261–269.
Bibcode:1997CBio....7..261A (https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997CBio....7..261A).
doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(06)00122-9 (https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fs0960-9822%2806%2900
122-9). ISSN 0960-9822 (https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0960-9822). PMID 9094314 (http
s://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9094314).
External links
Professional profile (http://www.ppu.mrc.ac.uk/research/?pid=1)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Philip_Cohen_(British_biochemist)&oldid=1261462006"
