BURHANPUR DISTRICT

MADHYA PRADESH

Ministry of Water Resources

Central Ground Water Board
North Central Region
Bhopal
2013
 BURHANPUR DISTRICT PROFILE
S. No ITEMS STATISTICS
1. GENERAL INFORMATION
i) Geographical area 323300 Ha
ii) Administrative Divisions
(As on 31.03.2013)
Number of Tahsil =3
Block =2
Number of Villages = 263
iii) Population (As on 2011 Census) 756993
iv) Normal Rainfall 978.90 mm
2. GEOMORPHOLOGY
Major Physiographic units 1. Northern hilly region
2. Central high plateau region
3. Southern low grounds
4. Upland trough of Jam & Kanhan
rivers
Major Drainages Tapi
3. LAND USE (in ‘000)
a) Forest area: 202 Ha
b) Net area sown: 104 Ha
c) Cultivable area: 119 Ha
4. MAJOR SOIL TYPES Black cotton soil, Sandy loam and Clayey
loam soil
5. PRINCIPAL CROPS Wheat, Soyabean, Maize, Banana,
Sugarcane
6. IRRIGATION BY Number of Area irrigated in Ha
DIFFERENT SOURCES Structures (‘000)

Dug wells 14761 25.9

Tube wells/ Bore wells 3386 15.0
Others sources 15.4
Total irrigated area 43.4
7. NUMBER OF GROUND WATER
MONITORING WELLS OF
CGWB No of Dug Wells= 8
(As on 31- 3- 2013)
No of Piezometers = Nil
8. PREDOMINANT GEOLOGICAL Recent Alluvium, Deccan Traps
FORMATIONS Gondwanas and Archaeans (Sausar
series)

9. HYDROGEOLOGY
Major water bearing formation Archaeans (Gneisses, Schist, Granites&
Pegmatite), Gondwanas, Deccan traps and
Alluvium
 Pre- monsoon depth to water level 6.38 m to 32.35 m
range during 2012

Post- monsoon depth to water level 1.47 m to 32.35 m

range during 2012

Long term water level trend range in Pre monsoon:

10 yrs (2003- 2012) in m/yr Rising trend: 10.83 – 12.31 cm/yr
Post Monsoon
Declining trend: 5 – 10.14 cm/yr
10. GROUND WATER EXPLORATION
BY CGWB (As on 31- 03- 2013)
No of wells drilled Exploratory Wells = 19
(EW, OW, PZ, Total) Observation Wells = 10
Piezometers (H.P) = 11
Total = 40
Depth range (m) 35.60-201.30 m (EW)
Discharge 0.10-10.00 lps
Transmissivity range 4.78 –32.00 m2/ day
11. GROUND WATER QUALITY Ec 456 - 1246 Micromhos
NO3 1 - 85 mg/l
F 0.03- 0.54 mg/l
12. DYNAMIC GROUND WATER
RESOURCES (YEAR-2009)

Net Ground Water Availabilty 31556 Ham

Gross Ground Water Draft 22086 Ham
Projected Demand for Domestic and 1359 Ham
industrial Uses for next 25 years
2035
Stage of Ground water Development 70 %

13 Awareness and Training Activity

Mass Awareness Programme 1 (Burhanpur)
organized
No. of Participants 350
14 Number of Semi-Critical Blocks 1. Burhanpur
15. Major Ground water problems Decline of water levels in some areas.
1.0 INTRODUCTION

Burhanpur district is located in the south western part of Madhya Pradesh,

covering an area of about 2316 Sq. Km falling between North Latitudes 21 0 11’ 00’’ and
210 32’ 00’’ and East longitudes 750 59’ 00’’ and 760 46’00’’ and falls under the Survey
of India Topo Sheet No. 46 O & 55C. The district is bounded in the North by Khandwa
district, in the East by Amaravati district of Maharashtra State, in the South by Buldana
and Jalgoan districts of Maharashtra state and in the West by West Nimar district of
Madhya Pradesh. The district is divided into two development blocks namely Burhanpur
and Khaknar. As per Census 2011, the total population of the district is 756993.

Major part of the area is drained by Tapti river and its tributaries. A small portion in the
North is drained by Sukta river, a tributary of Narmada.
 CGWB Activities
 The Central Ground Water Board carried out Reapprisal hydrogeological surveys
during Annual Action Plan 1991-92. These investigations were carried out by Sh.
Parvinder Singh, Scientist ‘B’; M.V. Gopal, S.C. Paranjpe, Shrinandan Bangar, Asst.
Hydrogeologists.

 Ground water exploration and Piezometers construction work were taken up in the
area during Annual Action Plan of CGWB, 1993-94, 1994-95 1995-96 and 1996-1997,
under field observation of Sh. Seraj Khan, Hydrogeologist,

 Khan Seraj (1999) : Retrospect and prospect of water supply to Burhanpur,

district Khandwa, M.P. Technical Volume of Indian Water Works Association
(PP211-216). 1999

 Khan Seraj (2003) : Need for harnessing surplus monsoonrun-off in Micro

Watersheds around Burhanpur, District Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh – A Case Study ,
proc. of Nat, Sem. on ground water Management Future Challenges and its impact on
Environment. A.M.U.Aligarh (pp 287-293) 2003

2.0 RAINFALL AND CLIMATE

The normal annual rainfall of the district is 978.9 mm. About 89% of the annual
rainfall takes place during the southwest monsoon. July is the wettest month of the year
and about 28% of the annual rainfall takes place only during this month. During the
southwest monsoon season, the relative humidity generally exceeds 84% (August
month) and the rest of the year is drier. The driest part of the year is the summer
season, when relative humidity is less than 41%.

The wind velocity is higher during the pre-monsoon period as compared to post-
monsoon period. The maximum wind velocity, 15.8 km/hr observed during the month of
June and minimum, 4.3 km/hr during the month of November.

3.0 GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SOIL TYPES

The area of the district exhibits an undulating topography which includes highly
dissected plateau, linear ridges, residual hills and low lying plains. It can be divided into
two distinct physiographic units Viz., the northern and southern uplands and the Central
low lands. A prominent hill range (Satpura Range) traverses the southern part of the
district. The highest elevation in the district is 778 m amsl, seen on the Satpura Range
in the Western part. The river Tapti carves out a narrow valley bifurcating this range
into two parts. The northern area exhibits a low rising hill range and the area in the
central part is generally plain dotted with isolated residual hills. The lowest elevation is
around 249 m a msl, along Tapti River, southwest of Burhanpur town.
Alluvium consisting of sand, clay and gravels occurs along Tapi river course.
Black cotton soil is found as a thin surface soil cover mainly in a country mainly covered
with Deccan Trap.
4.0 GROUND WATER SCENARIO

4.1 Hydrogeology

4.1.1 Aquifer System

Deccan Trap, consisting of different lava flows whose thickness ranges between
15 to 20 m, occupies the major part of the district. There are mainly two types of
sedimentary deposits in the area. The predominant deposits are formed due to
deposition from the river sediments transported by the Tapi river and its tributaries and
is defined as alluvium. The second predominant formation is due to deposition of
material transported from the Satpura hill ranges by small streams through gravity.
These talus and scree deposits are commonly known as bazada. Satpura Fault
(Burhanpur lineament) is a major fault trending ENE-WSE across the entire northern
part of the watershed area along the Satpura foot hills which is correspond to the
Narmada lineament. The fault zone is distinct and evidence of faulting in the area the
Nawanath temple along the Ambapani and Jhiri stream, is marked by crushing of basalt,
presence of brecciaed basalt, fault escarpment, presence of spring, sharp contact of
Basaltic lava flows with Bazada formation .The geomorphic location of fault zone favors
arresting surface runoff and recharge to ground water.

Alluvium

It is deposited at the foot hill of Satpura ranges stretching upto Tapti River, lying over
Deccan Trap. It is valley fill deposit in tectonic depression resulted by sympathetic
faults. The thickness of this formation increases towards Satpura, which is found to be
more than 236 m. Alluvium consisting of sand, clay and gravels occurs along Tapti river
course and formed unconfined, semi-confined to confined ground water conditions.
Thickness of alluvium ranges from 30 to 229 m. Granular zones were encountered
between 32 and 42 m bgl. The yields of the bore wells constructed in the formation
ranges from 4.41 to 15.8 l /s.

Bazada formation

It occurs between 320 m and 290m a msl in the foothill of Satpura and covers
around 4.5 km2 in the upland of watershed area of well-known infiltration galleries. It
consists of mainly big boulders admixed with pebbles, gravels, silt & clay in the loose
form. These deposits are partly sorted and generally devoid of any layer sequence.
These are formed due to the deposition of rock fragments transported mechanically
from the local streams from the Satpura hill ranges. The maximum thickness of these
deposits is yet to be ascertained.

Deccan Trap

Basaltic lava flows of Deccan Trap forming Satpura, underline by alluvium and
exposed also an inliers in southern part of the area closer to Tapti River. Basaltic lava
flows are fractured and jointed constituting two aquifer systems. The unconfined aquifer
is restricted up to 15 m bgl while semi- confined and confined aquifers are encountered
between 45 to 190 mbgl. The potentiality of aquifers is very diversified in nature due to
structural disturbances. Higher potential aquifers occur only at the influenced zone of
lineaments.

Shallow ground water occurs in the weathered, vesicular, jointed and fractured
basalts under semi-confined to confined conditions. In irrigation wells the aquifer zone
forms below thick clay of 4 to7 m in the depth ranges of 6.70 to 25.80 m bgl, around
Burhanpur town area. The water of these wells is mainly being used in Banana
cultivation with installation of drip irrigation. The sustainable yield of wells various from
1.5 lps to 4.0 lps.
Shallow aquifer zones were noticed in the boreholes at Chandni, khoknar,
Diaphodia, Khar kheda, Raitalai between 6.50 – 29.00 m bgl. Deeper aquifers were
encountered at Diaphodia, Haiderpur, Dariyapur. The discharges of exploratory wells
found to be 0.08 – 10 l/s. The transmissitivity of wells constructed in Deccan Trap
ranges from 2 to 96 m2/day and storage co-efficient from 8.4x10-5 to 0.41x 10-3.

4.1.2 Water levels

Water level data, including historical data, are essential for not only to know the
present ground water conditions but also for forecasting future trends in response to
ground water reservoir operations. Using the water level data of 8 monitoring wells
located in the district, Pre and Post monsoon depth to water level maps are prepared.

Pre- monsoon (May, 2012)

Depth to water level during pre-monsoon period is ranges from 6.38 to 32.35 m
bgl.

Post- monsoon (Nov. 2012)

Depth to water level during post-monsoon period is ranges from 1.47 to

32.35 m bgl.
Groundwater level trend (May2003 to May 2012)
Analyses of Groundwater level data of pre-monsoon period indicate that there is
rise as well as decline in water level in the district. In general, the district shows only rise
in water level in the range of 10.83 – 12.31 cm/yr.

4.2 GROUND WATER RESOURCES

Dynamic Ground water resources of the district have been estimated

for base year -2008/09, on block-wise basis. There are two number of assessment units
(block) in the district which fall under non-command sub unit. Khaknar block of the
district is categorized as safe blocks and Burhanpur as semi critical (same in 2003/04)
with highest stage of ground water development is computed as 85 %. The net ground
water availability in the district is 31,556 ham and ground water draft for all uses is
22,086 ham, making stage of ground water development 70% (70 % in 20003/04) as a
whole for district. After making allocation for future domestic and industrial supply for
next 25 years, balance available ground water for future irrigation would be 9,207 ham.
 Table: Ground water availability and Stage of development
District/ Sub-unit Net Annual Existing Existing Existing Provision Net Ground Stage of
Assessment Command/ Ground Gross Gross Gross for water Ground
Unit Non- water Ground Ground Ground domestic, Availability water
Command/ Availability water water water and for future Development
(ham) Draft for Draft for Draft industrial irrigation d (%)
Irrigation Domestic for All requirement development
(ham) & uses supply to (ham)
Industrial (ham) next 25 year
water (2033)
Supply (ham)
(ham)
Burhanpur
Command
Burhanpur Non-Command 14733 11813 672 12484 700 2219 85
Block Total 14733 11813 672 12484 700 2219 85
Command
Khaknar Non-Command 16824 9177 424 9601 634 7013 57
Block Total 16824 9177 424 9601 658 6988 57
District Total 31556 20990 1096 22086 1359 9207 70

4.3 Ground Water Quality

Ground water quality in the district is assessed annually on the basis of analysis
of ground water samples collected from hydrograph stations located in the district. On
the basis of analysis of data, EC values ranges from 456 to 1246 µmhos/cm, the
concentration of NO3 ranges from 1 to 1246 mg/l and Fluoride concentration ranges
from 0.03 to 0.54 mg/l