PAPER 1 - ANALYTICAL
1. pH meter (M.D paper)
CENTRIFUGATION
1. Cell fractionation with markers
2. How To Make Rat Liver Homogenate? Markers For Sub-cellular Fractions
3. Principle of centrifugation, types used in lab
4. Density gradient centrifugation – principle & applications
5. Ultracentrifuge – How to determine MW of macromolecules using it?
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
1. Restriction enzymes. Use in recombinant DNA technology
2. Methods of DNA sequencing, Explain one in detail
3. PCR vs RT-PCR, Principle & Application
4. Error prone PCR. How could it be useful in research
5. Micro array – implications
6. Sangers method of sequencing
7. Edmans – PP sequencing
8. Methods of DNA sequencing, explain one in detail.
IMMUNO TECHNIQUES
1. Flowcytometer – principle, use in clinical research
2. ELISA – Types
PROTEINS
1. Describe the method for determination of primary structure of protein
2. Methods of isolation & purification of proteins – any 2 based on charge on protein
on large scale.
3. Method of isolation and purification of enzyme
4. Determination of protein structure – steps involved (repeated)
5. Isolation and purification of protein of interest from a tissue
6. Methods of separation of serum lipoproteins
7. Protein sequencing
8. Edman degradation in protein sequencing
9. Procedure to determine sequence of 35 AA residues.
10. Criteria of pure protein
11. Salting in Salting out techniques
SPECTROMETRY
1. Principle of MALDI-TOF
2. X ray crystallography
ELECTROPHORESIS
1. Electrophoresis in purity and MW determination of proteins
2. SDS PAGE vs native PAGE – applications
3. Capillary electrophoresis
4. Immuno electrophoresis
5. Principle of iso-electric focusing
6. 2D protein electrophoresis
CHROMATOGRAPHY
7. Any 2 techniques used in protein purification
8. Types of chromatography. Uses in medical field
9. Principle & applications of Paper chromatography
10. Thin layer chromatography
11. HPLC vs FPLC
12. Fast protein liquid chromatography
13. Affinity chromatography – merits, demerits
14. Ideal matrix for affinity chromatography – 2 ligands used
15. Measuring HbA1C by affinity chromatography
16. Principle of ion exchange chromatography
17. Principle of molecular exchange chromatography – determination of MW of
protein
18. MW determination by gel filtration method
19. Gas chromatography
SPECTROPHOTOMETER
20. ISE
21. Beer Lambert’s law. Significance. How to determine validity
22. Principle and applications of spectrophotometry – applications in clinical lab(
atleast 4)
23. Recent advances in colorimetry
24. Diff b/w colorimetry & spectophotometry
25. Principle & applications - Atomic absorption spectophotometry (AAS)
26. Flame photometer. Compare with AAS
27. Chemiluminiscence
28. Spectroflurorimetry
29. Principle of electrometric determination of electrolytes – ADV/DIS.ADV
30. FLUOROSCENT PROTEIN
RADIOISOTOPES
1. How are radioisotopes quantitaded, unit ?
2. RADIOISOTOPES IN MEDICAL FIELD/BIOCHEMISTRY(**)
3. Precautions & Hazards of radioactivity
4. Radioisotopes in elucidating metabolic pathways
5. RIA – principle types
6. Scintillation counter function – use in biochemistry lab with examples (recent
)
NON M.D. Papers:
1. FISH
2. Avidin biotin in IHC
3. Methods to determine counting efficiency
