PHARMA IMP QUESTIONS -

2023

Batch 17 AGMC

Curated by
Arijit Debbarma
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAPER DISTRIBUTION 1
GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY 2
AUTACOIDS 3
ANS PHARMACOLOGY 4
GASTRO-INTESTINAL PHARMACOLOGY 6
DIURETICS 7
LOCAL ANESTHETICS AND SKELETAL MS. RELAXANTS 8

7
DRUGS AFFECTING BLOOD COAGULATION 9
🫁

B1
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 10
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 🫀 11
ENDOCRINE PHARMA 14
ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTICANCER & MISC. 17

a
CNS & General Anesthetics 22
Miscellaneous & AETCOM Topics 25

rm PAPER DISTRIBUTION
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PAPER I PAPER II

● Gen pharma ● CNS

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● Autonomic ● Anti microbial , anti cancer

● CVS ● GIT
● Renal ● Endocrine
● Respiratory ● Autacoids
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● Haemato ● Immunopharma
● Vit and Mins ● Local anesthetics
● Toxicology including heavy metal ● Antiseptics & Disinfectant
antagonists ● Drug regulation acts etc
● Ocular National Programs
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●
● Communication Topic ● Dermatological
● Clinical Trials and GCP ● Drugs on uterus
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PART 1 PART 2
● MCQ 1x 10 = 10 ● Essay/ Problem 1x 10 = 10
● Structured Essay 10x1 = 10 ● Short Answers 3x5 = 15
● Short Answers 3x5 = 15 ● Difference/ Notes 5x3 = 15
● Explain Why 5x3 = 15 ● AETCOM/ Exp Why 5x2 = 10
● TOTAL 50 ● TOTAL 50

1 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY
1. Name one drug used by sublingual route. Mention three advantages of sublingual route
over oral route. 19,18,17, 14
2. What is volume of distribution ? Why it is called apparent volume of distribution? 19
3. Mention the clinical significance of plasma half life. 19,18,16, 16 sup
4. What are the impacts of irrational prescription? 19,17
5. What is physiological drug Antagonism? Explain with suitable examples . 19
6. What is idiosyncrasy? Give three eg. 19, 13
7. Name two drugs we obtain from plant source. 18

7
8. Discuss how lipid solubility of a drug modifies the bioavailability. 18
9. How can you prolong the action of a drug at the level of drug excretion. 18

B1
10. Mention two situations where plasma concentration of drug monitoring is required. 18
11. Write a short note on Newer drug delivery system.17
12. Write 2 advantages and disadvantages of i) Subcutaneous ii) Intramuscular iii)

a
Intravenous iv) Intrathecal v) sublingual . 17
13. Difference between competitive and non- competitive Antagonism with eg. 17, 16 sup

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14. Drugs may produce different effects by administering in different routes . Justify the
statement with a suitable example. 16
15. What do you understand by bioavailability and bioequivalence? 16
16. Total volume of body fluid of a 70 kg man is 42 L . How is the volume of distribution of
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chloroquine in that man about 1300 L/Kg ? 16
17. What do you mean by displacement drug interaction ?16
18. Mention one use of microsomal enzyme induction with suitable eg. 16
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19. Mention 2 differences between zero order and first order kinetics. 16
20. Define plasma half life of a drug. 16 sup
21. What is synergism? 16 sup
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22. Short note on Competitive Antagonism. 09

23. Short note on Tachyphylaxis. 09
24. Short note on drug abuse. 09
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25. Write a short note on kinetics of elimination. 11

26. Write a short note on pharmacovigilence. 11
27. Write a short note on pharmacogenetics. 11, 12sup
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28. Write a short note on microsomal enzyme induction. 11sup

29. Write a short note on redistribution. 11 sup
30. Write a short note on tetratogenic effect of drugs. 12 sup,13
31. Write a short note on Non-competitive antagonist. 13
32. Write a short note on clinical importance of plasma binding of a drug. 14
33. Give two eg of fixed dose combinations that are included in national list of essential
drug. Write 4 advantages of fixed dose combination. 20
34. Write a short note on drug dependance and drug addiction. 13

Pharmacological basis

2 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 35. In breast milk , basic drugs are excreted more than acidic drugs. 18
36. First pass metabolism . 13
37. Drug dependence. 13
38. Complications of IV induction. 13
39. OCP and Rifampin/ Rifampicin should not be used together. Maanjit Majumder

MICRO & PATHO PYQ link at the very end

AUTACOIDS

7
1. Classify H1-Histaminics. Enumerate their eight uses.3x

B1
2. Why low dose aspirin is used in myocardial infarction?2x
3. Write four examples & used of 2nd generation antihistaminics. Mention their differences
between 1st and 2nd generation antihistaminics 2x
4. SN: Antihistaminics 2x

a
5.
I.
II.

III.
rm Name one drug that is used to treat the acute attack of gout.
Write the mechanism of action of your prescribed drug. Mention four adverse
effects of the prescribed drug.
Which drug will you choose if pain and stiffness of the joint persist chronically ?
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IV. Describe its mechanism of action.
V. Name four drugs which raise the serum uric acid level and precipitate such acute
attack.
6. Uses of Prostaglandins
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7. Mention advantages of 2nd generation antihistaminics over 1st generation

antihistaminics. 4x
8.
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● Mention 4 non-biological agents and two biological agensts used for treatment of
rheumatoid arthritis.
● How is sulfasalazine effective in rheumatoid arthritis?
● How to treat paracetamol poisoning ?
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● Explain why selective COX 2 inhibitors enhance the cardiovascular risk.

9.
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Mention the prostaglandin preparations of choice to treat the following conditions-

post-partum haemorrhage, for medical termination of pregnancy ,glaucoma , maintain
the patency of Ductus Arteriosus.
10.
● How NSAID can induce duodenal ulcer in a patient?
● Classify NSAIDs.
● What is the choice for treatment of this patient with Nsaid-induced duodenal
ulcer?
● Write the mechanism of action of the chosen drug.
11. Febuxostat used in chronic gout ( 3)

3 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 12.
● Allopurinol is given in Chronic Gout \ Not used in acute gout.
● Aspirin is not to be used in gout

13. Sumatriptan(Triptans) in the management of Migraine.2x

14. Mechanism of Aspirin as antiplatelet agent. / Aspirin but not other NSAIDs are used in
antothrombic effect
15. Prostaglandin analog used in mid term abortion. / MTP
16. Methotrexate in Rh arthritis.

7
17. Paracetamol has no anti inflammatory property.
18.A taxi driver aged 30 years presented with sign symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis.

B1
● Which anti-allergic medicine would be suitable for this condition
● which anti- allergic drugs should be avoided? Justify your responses?

a
19. A middle aged person developed pain, redness and sweling of metatarsophalangeal
joint of the left great toe. There is history of excessive ingestion of alcohol on the

● rm
previous night. The serum uric acid level was also elevated to 9mg / dl.
What is your provisional diagnosis? Choose one drug to treat the acute attack of
this condition.
● Write the mechanism of action and two adverse effects of your chosen drug?
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● Which drug will you choose if pain and stiffness of the joint persist chronically?
Describe its mechanism of action.
● Name two drug that may raise serum uric acid level.
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● Eg of biological & non biological DMARDs

20. Prophylaxis of Migraine *****
21. N acetyl cysteine in acute paracetamol poisoning
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22. An FDC of ibuprofen & paracetamol is irrational. 2022S

23. Allopurinol and 6 mercaptopurine should not be administered together .
24. Aspirin like drugs are highly useful in dysmenhorrea.
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ANS PHARMACOLOGY
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1. Tamsulosin is used in benign hypertrophy of the prostate. 2x

2. Atropine eye drop is contraindicated in glaucoma. 3x 22
3. Dopamine is given in cardiogenic shock.
4. Adrenaline is used in anaphylactic shock. 2x
5. Atropine is used in organophosphate poisoning. 2x
6. Ephedrine produces tachyphylaxis.
7. Dopamine is used in shock with impending renal failure. 2x
8. Why anticholinergics are used in COPD.
9. Why ß - blockers should be used cautiously in diabetic patients on insulin.
10. Cholinergic as well as anticholinergics are both used in the management of myasthenia gravis.

4 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 11. Oximes are used for the management of irreversible anti - cholinesterase (OP) poisoning but C/I
in reversible carbamate poisoning. 2X
12. Adrenergic and anti adrenergic are used in the treatment of glaucoma.
13. Anti - cholinergic drug Ipratropium Bromide is used for COPD but Atropine is C/I ***
14. Propranolol should not be given in asthma.
15. Anticholinergic in extrapyramidal syndrome.
16. Neostigmine in Myasthenia Gravis but not Physostigmine.
17. ß blockers in congestive heart failure.
18. Pralidoxime is C/I in carbamate poisoning.
19. Tolterodine is used overactive bladder with urinary urgency.
20. 60 yr old man - difficulty in ‘ staining to urinate’ , BP 160/100 mm Hg & slightly enlarged
prostate.
a. What may be the cause of difficulty in ‘standing to urinate’ ?

7
b. Keeping in mind that the patient is also asthmatic, what will be the line of treatment?

B1
21. Homatropine(1%) eye drop was given to a 20 yr old for diagnosing his problem in vision. He
subsequently developed severe eye pain, redness with raised IOP.
a. Explain the cause.
b. How will you treat it ?
22. Farmers exposed to chemicals used to protect crops from insects, unable to walk, GI

a
upset & labored respiration. He was brought to the emergency clinic. **

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a. What could be the possible nature of the chemical exposed?
b. Explain the pharmacological basis of signs & symptoms.
c. Write the management of the condition expressing the basis of treatment of the drugs.
23. A 65 year old patient with glaucoma needed to examine his retina. Incidentally he was applied
atropine eye drop to dilate his pupil. After a few minutes he developed severe pain in eye,
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headache & vomiting.
a. Why has atropine precipitated these symptoms?
b. Which diuretic is administered I/V route to decrease IOP?
c. Which mydriatic is suitable in this condition & why?
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d. Name drugs used in medical management of glaucoma.

24. 74 year old non hypertensive male - severe pain in lower abdomen + retention of urine -
difficulty in passing urine, poor flow and frequent urge to urinate & also post void dribbling past
3 years. History also revealed intake of an anticholinergic drug for spasmodic abdominal pain for
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last 3 days.
a. What is the most likely explanation for the retention of urine in this pateint.
b. Name one anti adrenergic drug which can be used in this patient . How will it be useful?
c. Classify anticholinergic according to clinical use,
d. Why is Atropine C/I in narrow angle glaucoma?
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25. Mention two antidotes of organophosphate poisoning. Write MOA of any one. 2x
26.
a. Classify adrenergic drugs ACT therapeutic use.
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b. Why is adrenaline not used in hypovolemic shock?

c. Mention the adverse effects of Ephedrine.
d. Write the use of Ritodrine in uterine condition
27. Give two examples of ACE inhibitors. Enlist two therapeutic uses and two contraindications of
ACE inhibitors. 2022 Supple
28. Mention two groups of mydriatics. For fundoscopy, which one will be prefered & why? 2022
29. Write in brief : Pharmacotherapy of organophosphate poisoning. 2022
30. Enumerate the drugs for glaucoma. 2022 supple
PCT PAST YEAR
31. A50 year old man was brought ot the casualty ward with status-asthmaticus. .History revealed
that he was having mild episodic asthma of and on ni the past, twice daily in such a severe attack.
Day before he was prescribed Timolol 0.5% eye drops each eye for wide angle glaucoma by an
ophthalmologist.

5 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 a. Why did the patient develop status asthmaticus after the application of Timolol eye drop?
b. Mention two other groups of drugs with examples that are effective in wide angle
glaucoma. Write their mechanism of action?
32. alpha blockers are used in secondary shock.
33. Atropine is C/I in bronchial asthma.
34. Timolol is better than Pilocarpine in Glaucoma Treatment.
35. ẞ blockers shouldn't be withdrawn suddenly.
36. Atropine is used in combination with Neostigmine in MG.
37. Edrophonium in differentiating M crisis and Cholinergic Crisis .

GASTRO-INTESTINAL PHARMACOLOGY

7
1. A 5 y.o girl was prescribed metoclopramide for vomiting for the last 5 days. On the 6th day, she
developed involuntary movements of her face and limbs. 2020

B1
a. Why did she develop involuntary movement on 6th day?
b. Which drug is to be given to her for such involuntary movements? How will this drug be
effective?
2. Write the composition of new WHO- ORS. Write the rationale of ORS composition. 2x 2020,18

a
3. Mechanism of action of Metoclopramide. 2018

rm
4. Mechanism of Action of proton pump inhibitors and it’s uses.2018
5. Give four differences between Metoclopramide and Domperidone. Mention their therapeutic
uses. 2014
6. Why should antacids/acid reducing substances should not be taken with Sucralfate? 2x
2009,17
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7. Lactulose in hepatic encephalopathy. 2018
8. Domperidone but not Metoclopramide is preferred for Levodopa induced vomiting. 2x 2009,17
9. A patient 45 y.o. Was admitted with severe abdominal(upper) pain & vomiting( of blood). He
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had similar attacks previously and was diagnosed to be a case of chronic Duodenal Ulcer. 2007
a. Give up a brief account of management of the case.
b. Name 2 Prostaglandins analogue used for treatment of peptic ulcer.
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c. Describe the drug regimens of H. Pylori infection with reasons.

10. Mention important and commonly used drugs for treatment of vomiting. What are the
dangerous side effects of Metoclopramide? 2017
11. Write a short note on Omeprazole. (MOA,Pharmacological basis, uses). 3x 2013,2009,2013
12. 50 y.o man - blood vomiting, Abdominal pain, Black stool, Chronic Alcoholic. Diagnosed with
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haemostasis and melena. 2013

a. How will you treat Him?
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b. Classify drugs used for treatment of Peptic Ulcer.

c. Mechanism of action of PPI
d. What advice will you give to him?
13. A 35 y.o. Man - Severe epigastric pain. History revealed the consumption of NSAIDS a few days
back. Endoscopic examination of Upper GIT revealed Ulcer which has tested positive for
H.pylori. 2x 2021, PCT -2022
a. Which anti-ulcer drug will you choose to treat such conditions? What is the mechanism
of action?
b. Write a regimen for treatment of this patient.
c. Criticize the combination of omeprazole and antacids.
i. Explain why Selective Cox-2 inhibitors are not used in case of MI
14. Explain why Ranitidine is preferred over Cimetidine for treatment of Peptic ulcer. 2022 2x

6 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 15. Write in brief : Metoclopramide. ( 5 marks) 2022
16. Mechanism of action of PPI. 2022
17. Why systemic antacids are not preferred?
PCT
Explain why :
1. Both aluminium and magnesium salts are combined antacids.
2. Domperidone but not Metoclopramide is used in Levo-dopa induced Vomiting in patients of
Parkinsonism.
3. WHO jointly with UNICEF recommended Zinc Supplementation in children with acute
diarrhoea.
4. Pharmacological Basis of -

7
a. Sulfasalazine in Inflammatory Bowel Ds. / Ulcerative Collitis

B1
b. Metoclopramide as prokinetic drug
c. Rifaximin in hepatic encephalopathy
d. Ondansetron in cancer chemotherapy induced vomiting
e.

a
rm DIURETICS
ba
1. Write the mechanism of action and three uses of furosemide. 2x 2019,10
2. Mention the diuretic of choice with reasoning in the following clinical situations. 2020
a. Acute Pulmonary Oedema in left ventricular failure
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b. Ascites in hepatic cirrhosis

3. 50 year old patient of hepatic cirrhosis with ascites. Tab Furosemide 80 mg twice daily was
prescribed. After 1 week came back with complaints of incoherent talking, drowsiness, tremors.
(Serum k+ value - 2.8 mEq/L) 2018
tD

a. What is the cause of neurologic symptoms

b. What is the mechanism of diuretic action of Furosemide? Mention 4 uses & 4 adverse
effects (other than electrolyte imbalance).
c. What is the diuretic of choice in this case and why?
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4. Acetazolamide is used mainly in glaucoma but not as a diuretic. Explain. 2012

5. Explain Pharmacological basis of Thiazide in hypertension. 2012
6. IV furosemide is used in pulmonary edema caused by acute left ventricular failure. 2014
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7. Spironolactone in edema of cirrhosis of liver. 4x 2018, 14, 13, 10

8. Mr. Chatterjee, 55 yrs old - cirrhosis of liver with oedema. Both loop diuretics and thiazide
diuretics failed to control edema when used individually. 2019
a. Explain why these two diuretics failed to respond which diuretics should have been
used in this case and why?
b. Why is acetazolamide not to be used in this case?
c. Why is the diuretic effect of furosemide blunted a patient resolving indomethacin?
d. Mention 4 differences between loop & thiazide diuretics.
e. Why is mannitol contraindicated in acute pulmonary edema?
9. Thiazides may cause hypokalemia. Explain. 2018
10. Enumerate five differences between hydrochlorothiazide and furosemides. 2016

7 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 11. Name the high-ceiling diuretics. On Which part of nephron do they act? Mention 3 therapeutic
uses and 3 adverse effects of high ceiling diuretics. 2009
12. Classify diuretics according to their site of actions on nephron. Write the mechanism of action,
therapeutic uses and adverse effects of furosemide. Why is mannitol used in head injury and
other uses of mannitol? Four therapeutic uses and four contraindications of
hydrochlorothiazide. 2x 2013. 12
13. Intravenous mannitol used in head injury and acute congestive glaucoma. Explain. 2018
14. Write the therapeutic uses of diuretics. 2 2021
15. A congestive heart failure patient was under treatment with enalapril and spironolactone, On
routine check-up, his serum potassium level was elevated, 2021
(a) Why was the serum potassium level of the patient elevated?
(b) Write the mechanism of action of enalapril in congestive heart failure. 2022

7
Mention its other four therapeutic uses.
(c) How is spironolactone beneficial in congestive heart failure?

B1
PCT
1. What is the mechanism of action of Hydrochlorothiazide as Anti-hypertensive? Mention two

a
therapeutic uses and two contraindications of Hydrochlorothiazide. Enumerate four differences
between loop diuretics and Thiazide diuretics.

rm
2. A 60 years old man, suffering from cirrhosis of the liver attended hospital with oedema. Both
loop diuretics and thiazide failed to control the oedema when used individually.
a. Explain why these two diuretics failed to respond. Which diuretics should have been
used and why?
b. Which diuretics may precipitate hepatic encephalopathy in this patient and why?
ba
3. Explain pharmacological basis of : -
a. Tolvaptan is used in hyponatremia
b. Thiazide is used for management of diabetes insipidus.
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c. Acetazolamide is useful in management of acidic drug poisoning

4. Explain why
a. Mannitol is contraindicated in pulmonary edema
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b. Diuretic effect of Furosemide is blunted by Indomethacin.

c. Thiazide may cause hypokalemia
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LOCAL ANESTHETICS AND SKELETAL MS. RELAXANTS

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1. Why local anesthetics are ineffective in inflamed areas.

2. Thiopentone Sodium for general Anaesthesia.
3. Pre-anaesthetic medications. SN.
4. Glycopyrrolate preferred to atropine for pre anesthetic medication.
5.
a. Adrenaline is used with local Anesthetics/Lignocaine is combined with adrenaline.
b. Where should such combinations not be used? Why?
6. Write the five different techniques of use of Local Anesthetics. PCT 22s
7. Write MOA of Local Aesthetics. PCT 22
8. Dantrolene sodium is used in malignant hyperthermia. PCT 23

8 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 9. Succinylcholine (Sch) causes apnoea in some people.
10. Explain why Amide linked L?A. Are preferred over Ester linked LA.
11. Explain why Lignocaine is longer acting than Cocaine.
12. Explain why Oxethazaine is a good anesthetic for gastric mucosa while other LA are not.
13. What is the eutectic mixture of L.A?
14. Explain why Bupivacaine is preferred during Labour.
15. Explain why Addition of Vasoconstrictors enhances Local tissue damage.
16. Explain why vasoconstrictors should not be added for the ring block of
hands,feet,toes,penis,pinna. Etc.

7
DRUGS AFFECTING BLOOD COAGULATION

B1
● Pharmacological Basis
1) Why low dose of Aspirin used in (prophylaxis of) MI? 3x

a
2) Folinic Acid not Folic acid is used in methotrexate toxicity. Explain. 2x

rm
3) Vitamin K is the drug of choice in Warfarin Overdose.
4) Iron is given in acidic media
5) Folic acid is used along with Vitamin B12 in the treatment of pernicious anemia.
6) Erythropoietin is used for management of anemia of Chronic Renal Failure along with iron./
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2022 S
7) Vitamin K supplementation in liver Diseases.
8) Aspirin as antiplatelet agent.
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9) Why folic acid should not be used alone in treatment of megaloblastic anemia. **
10)Heparin is used for initiation and Warfarin for maintenance of anticoagulant therapy 2021
tD

● SQ / SN / LQ
11)Give two examples of antiplatelet agents. Write four differences between Warfarin and
Heparin.
12)Use and adverse action of parenteral Iron Therapy.
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13)Drugs used in Acute Iron Toxicity.

14)Write four complications of blood transfusion and write down their management.
15)Mention two oral and two parenteral iron preparations used in Iron Deficiency Anemia.What
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are their adverse effects. What is the antidote for acute iron poisoning?
16)Mention five advantages of low molecular weight(LMW) Heparin over Unfractionated Heparin
(UFH) 2022 u
17)Name the preparations used for treatment of microcytic hypochromic anemia. What is the
antidote for iron poisoning?
18)What are Thrombolytics? Name them. Mention two adverse effects and two
Contraindications.
19)What are haematinics. Name four oral and two parenteral preparations of Iron. Mention the
therapeutic indications and adverse effects of these preparations. 2022 S
20)Warfarin Sodium. (SN)
21)Oral Iron preparations.

9 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 22)Complications of IV infusion
PCTS
1. Antiplatelet drugs are more effective in arterial thrombosis than in venous thrombosis. Justify.
2. Clopidogrel and Omeprazole should not be given together.
3. Heparin but not warfarin sodium is effective in vitro.
4. Methotrexate toxicity can be reversed by folinic acid not folic acid
5. Mr. Chatterjee, a 70 years old teacher, presented with a history of increasing tiredness
over the last 6 weeks. She had a past history of partial gastrectomy 4 years ago. On
questioning, her relevant symptoms include "pins and needles" in her toes and loose
bowels. On examination she appeared pale with possibly a lemon yellow tinge to her
skin. She also has stomatitis and glossitis

7
a. What is the possible diagnosis? How you will confirm it?
b. Why it was 4 years after gastrectomy before Mrs. Srilaxmi developed these

B1
symptoms?
c. How you will manage the case?
d. How long will it take for Mrs. Srilaxmi to respond to treatment?

a
1)
rm RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 🫁
a) Classify drugs used in Bronchial Asthma.
ba
b) Write the mechanism of action of Glucocorticoids in Bronchial Asthma.
c) Why are glucocorticoids given by inhalation route in the management of chronic bronchial
asthma?
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d) Write down the management of Status Asthmaticus. 3x

2) Adverse effects of Salbutamol? Why is Cromolyn Sodium not effective in acute attack of asthma?
2x
3) Patient of Status Asthmaticus; Had Migraine, So propranolol was prescribed.
tD

a) Why has Propranolol precipitated Status Asthmaticus in this patient?

b)Write down the management of Status Asthmaticus.
c) Mention two other drugs that could’ve been prescribed for chronic prophylaxis of migraine in
this patient.
iji

4) Why is Propranolol not used in case of Diabetes Mellitus(Type II) & Bronchial asthma.
5) Salbutamol is not used in acute Bronchial Asthma.
6) Anticholinergic drug, Ipratropium Bromide is used for management of COPD but anticholinergic
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drug Atropine is contraindicated in such patients. Explain.

7) Management of Status Asthmaticus. 2x
8) 40 yr. Old man suffering from Chronic Bronchial Asthma. Subsequently he developed
hypertension. He was Prescribed Propranolol for his Hypertension.
a)Enumerate drugs used for treatment of Bronchial Asthma.
b)Write the mechanism of action of Corticosteroids in Bronchial Asthma.
c) What are the advantages of using inhalational routes over systemic routes of corticosteroids in
the long term management of chronic asthma.
d) Was Propranolol a right drug for Hypertension in such a patient. Explain.
9) Pharmacotherapy of Acute Attack of Asthma. 2022 U
PCTS
1. Name 3 groups of bronchodilators *

10 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 2. Pharmacological basis of using montelukast in Bronchial asthma management. flo
3. Name two mucolytic agents and two antitussives.
4. Why 1st Gen Antihistaminics are not preferred in Bronchial Asthma treatment.
5. Why salmeterol / formeterol is combined with fluticasone / budasonide in MDI.
6. Mention two cough supressants
7. Mr. Subrahmanyam 16 years high school student has been suffering with paroxysmal
sneezing, running nose (watery type), itching of nose, eye & ear for last two days. He is
diagnosed as a case of allergic rhinitis (nasal allergy). He is to appear in Board
Examination one day after he consults you in your clinic.
a. For relief of symptoms, select appropriate drug giving the reasons for your
selection.

7
b. What general precautionary instructions or advice regarding adverse effect,
you would like to give to a patient while prescribing a first generation

B1
antihistaminic?
c. If the boy gives history that he suffers periodically every winter season,
what drugs will you prescribe to prevent attack. Justify your answer.
d. If patient develops bronchospasm, how will you manage this case?

a
Antihistamine became ineffective, why?

rm
8. A 30-year-old man presents with complains of episodic breathlessness, often following
exertion. One to three episodes occur daily and are accompanied by wheezing. The
episodes subside on taking 2 (two) puffs of Salbutamol (100 us/puff). Lately, the
episodes have become more frequent and are limiting his activities to some extent.
(a) What is the most suitable drug to be prescribed to this patient regularly, keeping
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in mind that off and on Salbutamol inhalational therapy has failed to control his
breathlessness adequately?
What is the mechanism of 2 action of your chosen drug?
(b) What are the common adverse effects of the chosen drug? How can adverse effects
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be minimized?
(c) Should this patient continue to use Salbutamol inhalation periodically to relieve
episodes of breathlessness, when they occur? Why Salbutamol inhalational therapy
should not be used chronically in a patient of bronchial asthma? 2021 UN
tD

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 🫀
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1. A 56 yr old - complains of tightness &. Pain over the left side of chest felt episodically ( 1 or 2
episodes per day), particularly after walking briskly. Also suffering from bronchial asthma & well
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controlled with Budesonide- metered dose inhaler. The resting ECG was normal, but the stress
test was positive. 2019
a. Name 1 drug which can be used sublingually to about his anginal pain. Write its
mechanism of action (MOA) & four adverse effects. Why drug has to be given
sublingually? (½ + (2+1) + 1.5)
b. Name one antianginal drug which is contraindicated in this patient. Why is it
contraindicated? (½ + 2)
c. Select another drug from other groups which has to be prescribed a regular basis in this
patient to prevent episodes of angina. How is it effective in angina pectoris? (½ + 2)
2. Classify drugs used in hypertension. Write the MOA of enalapril in hypertension. Write 4
therapeutic uses of enalapril. Mention 2 contraindications. ( 3+2+2+1) 2020
3. Explain why Nitrates are used in angina pectoris. (2020,2018,2010) * *

11 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 4. Explain why calcium blockers are used in Angina Pectoris. 2018
5. Explain why Fibrates are used as hypolipidemic agents. 2018
6. Explain Pharmacological basis of using morphine in acute left ventricular failure. 2014
7. Explain Pharmacological basis of using Digoxin in Congestive Heart failure. 2012
8. 38 yr old man - moderate hypertension. On examination his blood glucose level was elevated
and LDL level was also raised. He was obese and a chronic smoker. 2014
a. Enumerate drugs used for treatment of hypertension.
b. Which anti hypertensive will be prescribed for this patient? Write it’s MOA
c. Which hypolipidemic agent will you prescribe for raised LDL level? Describe its mode of
action.
9. Explain why ACE Inhibitors should not be used in bilateral renal artery stenosis. 2014

7
10. Why is enalapril used in Congestive heart failure? 2019

B1
11. Explain why Atorvastatin is used for dyslipidemia. 2013, 16, 19
12. A 45 yr old male patient - head injury in road traffic accident. BP 230/134. Hypertensive
emergency. (5+3+2 =10) 2018
a. Give a brief account of hypertensive emergency

a
b. Write the MOA & A/E of sodium Nitroprusside.
c. What other drugs can be used?

rm
13. β-Blocker in congestive Cardiac failure. 2016
14. ACE inhibitors as antihypertensives. 2016
15. α- Methyldopa in hypertension with pregnancy. 2017
ba
16. Classify antianginal drugs. Discuss MOA of Nitrates in angina pectoris. Mention its 4 adverse
effects. 2013
17. MOA of morphine enumerate. Enumerate 6 contraindications. 2018
18. Pharmacological basis of use of : - 2009
eb

i. Valsartan
ii. Verapamil
19. Enumerate drugs used in Congestive Heart failure(CHF). MOA of Digoxin in CHF. Adverse effects
tD

of Digoxin. How digoxin acts in atrial fibrillation. 2010

20. Pharmacological basis of use of Amlodipine as an antihypertensive agent. 2010
21. Explain. 2013
a. Amlodipine as an antihypertensive agent.
iji

b. MOA of ace inhibitors ss antihypertensive drugs.

c. Adverse effects of ACE Inhibitors.
Ar

d. Why non-selective β-Blocker should be used with caution in patients suffering from Type
II DM on insulin therapy.
22. Role of Captopril in Congestive Heart Failure.2008
23. Haemodynamic effects of Glyceryl Trinitrate in Angina Pectoris. 2008
24. Write the management of Anaphylactic shock. 2021
25. A Congestive heart failure patient was under treatment with Enalapril and Spironolactone. On
routine checkup his Serum Potassium level was elevated. 2021
a. Why was the serum potassium level of the patient elevated?
b. Write the mechanism of action of Enalapril in CHF. Mention its other 4 therapeutic uses.
c. How is Spironolactone beneficial in CHF?

12 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 26. Explain why β-Blockers are used in Congestive Heart Failure but should be avoided in
Decompensated heart failure.2022 / β-Blockers are indicated as well as CI in CHF. pct* *
27. Pharmacological basis of use of : 2022
a. Nitrates as anti- anginal * *
b. Digoxin in atrial fibrillation.

Important PCT:

7
1. A CHF patient was under treatment with Digoxin and Hydrochlorothiazide. After a few days he

B1
attended a hospital with nausea & palpitation and was diagnosed with ventricular arrhythmia.
a. Explain the possible pathogenesis of the complication he developed.
b. Instead of Digoxin what drug could have been a better choice as first line drug for
management of CHF? What is the mechanism of action of the chosen drug?

a
c. What is the role of β-Blocker in management of CHF?

2.
rm ( Thiazide diuretics may precipitate digoxin toxicity) 2018

a. Discuss molecular mechanism and hemodynamic effects of Nitrates as anti- anginal.

i. How is nitrate useful in Cyanide poisoning? Why is thiosulphate combined with
Nitrate? PCT 2018, 22 , 12, 09
ba
3. A patient, 45yrs old, suffering from Type I Diabetes Mellitus with Hyper-Uricemia ( 2018 +
dyslipidemia , COPD) and was on insulin therapy. His blood pressure was measured 160/96 mm
of hg on Three separate occasions * *
eb

a. As a treating physician which anti hypertensive drug will you prefer and which now?
Why?
b. What is the mechanism of action of your chosen anti- hypertensive?
+ 2018
tD

c. Name two adverse effect and C/I of drug chosen

d. Which anti hypertensive drug are not to be used in such patient and why?
e. Outline the management of Hypertensive Emergency/ Crisis. * ** *
iji

4. Pharmacological basis of :
i. Adenosine is used for management of PSVT. * * *
ii. Digoxin/ Digitalis in Atrial Fibrillation. * * *
Ar

iii. Amiodarone is a broad spectrum anti-arrhythmic. * ** *

iv. ACE Inhibitor in CHF* * *
v. Dopamine in Shock
vi. Beta blocker as anti hypertensive drug* ** *
5. Tolerance develops with continuous nitrate therapy but not with sodium nitroprusside.*
6. Classify antianginal drugs and discuss the pharmacodynamic and molecular mechanism
of Glyceryl trinitrate as antianginal. Role nitrate in cyanide poisoning ** .
7. A 60 years old woman develops dyspnoea, edema of legs and engorgement of jugular vein and is
found to have congestive cardiac failure. 2+2+2+3+1
a. What groups of drugs are available for treatment of congestive cardiac failure?

13 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 b. How are angiotensin converting enzyme Inhibitors useful in this case?
c. She is also found to have atrial fibrillation. How should this be treated and how does your
chosen drug act?
d. If she does not respond adequately to your first choice of treatment for her heart failure,
what drug or drugs might be added in later?
e. If you decide to administer digoxin, what adverse effects and precautions you will bear in
mind.
f. If she develops acute pulmonary edema, how should this be treated?

7
B1
ENDOCRINE PHARMA
1) A 20 yr old girl was diagnosed as a case of recent onset Graves’ disease with mild diffuse

a
pulsatile thyroid enlargement. She was given a tablet Carbimazole and her symptoms gradually
subsided and were fully controlled after 3 months. She was maintained on Carbimazole 5mg
twice daily. After one year she noticed that the neck swelling was reappearing. Her body weight

rm
increased, but without recurrence of her earlier symptoms. Rather she felt dull,sleepy,
depressed and her serum TSH level was raised. 2020
a) How is carbimazole effective in patients with Graves’ disease?
b) Could any additional medicine be given to her initially to afford more rapid symptomatic
ba
relief? Explain.
c) What was the cause of the reappearance of the neck swelling and her symptoms after 1
year? What measures need to be taken at this stage?
eb

2) Explain the pharmacological basis of

a) Glucocorticoids/Corticosteroids should not be withdrawn abruptly after chronic use. 3x
(2022, 2020, 2010)
tD

b) Different insulin preparations. 2012

c) Selective estrogen receptor modulators. 2019
d) Uses of Metformin. 2019
e) Corticosteroids should be administered early in the morning. 2019
iji

f) Estrogen( estrogen) and Progestins(progesterone) are combined together in OCPs. 2010

g) Oxytocin but not ergometrine is used for (i)induction of labor. 2x (2014,2013)
Ar

h) OCP should not be used in TB. 2013

i) Misoprostol along with mifepristone is used for medical termination of pregnancy. 2020
j) Methyl ergotamine is preferred to oxytocin in treatment of PPH.
k) Glucocorticoids should not be stopped immediately if given more than 3 weeks.
l) Mifepristone is used as a once a month contraceptive pill.
3)
a) Write different types of hormonal contraceptives.
b) What are the constituents of combined oral pills?
c) Mention the mechanism of action, health benefits and absolute contraindications of
combined oral pills. 2014
4)

14 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 a) Enumerate antihyperglycemic drugs used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
b) Write the mechanism of action of glimepiride.
c) Why is metformin the drug of choice in obese diabetics? 2017

5) A 45 y.o obese woman is diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and given a prescription for
metformin.2013
a) Classify Oral Hypoglycemic drugs.
b) What is the mechanism of action of metformin?
c) Enlist the adverse effects of metformin.
d) Why is metformin preferred in this case?
6)

7
a) Classify oral anti diabetic drugs .

B1
b) Discuss m.o.a and adverse effects of Thiazolidinediones. 2011
7)
a) Classify oral hypoglycemic drugs.
b) Write the m.o.a of glibenclamide and pioglitazone.

a
c) Mention in which type of diabetes mellitus are these drugs used. 2009
8)

rm
a) Classify the preparations of insulin.
b) Describe the adverse effects and uses of insulin.
c) Enumerate four Insulin delivery devices. What is insulin resistance.2022
9) Write the management of Diabetic ketoacidosis. 2021
ba
10)Write short notes on Absolute indications of soluble insulin

PCT
eb

1) After a few days of political movement of Hunger strike a person admitted to Emergency block
and identified as having severe hypoglycaemia. Patient was given Inj. Glucagon but no
improvement was seen.
a) Explain why glucagon failed to increase the blood glucose level?
tD

b) How will you manage this case?

c) In which drug poisoning Glucagon is used?

2) A man aged 40 years was prescribed prednisolone 40 mg once daily for his severe skin
iji

condition. He continued the drug for almost one month and stopped it in a tapering manner
after clinical improvement of skin condition. Four months after withdrawal of prednisolone, he
developed an acute abdomen and for which he was taken up for operation. During anesthesia,
he suddenly developed marked fall in BP tachycardia & signs of peripheral vascular failure.
Ar

a) Explain what may be the possible cause of this emergency situation/shock?

b) How will you manage this situation?
c) What precautions should have been taken to avoid such complications?
d) Enumerate different adverse effects of Glucocorticoids?
e) Mention one ante-natal use of glucocorticoids.
f) Which preparation can be used for such an indication?
3) Explain the pharmacological basis :
a. Hydrocortisone, though administered iv usually has delayed onset of action.
b. Alphacalcidol is preferred to cholecalciferol in renal compromised patients?
4) Write note on following:
a. Bisphosphonates

15 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 b. Preoperative Use of Lugol’s Iodine before thyroid surgery.
5) A 28 years old woman was using pills for contraception. She developed a cough & low-grade
temperature. The X-ray chest revealed infiltration of the upper lobe. She was diagnosed with a
case of pulmonary tuberculosis and was prescribed standard combination therapy (INH + Rifampin
+ Ethambutol). After 2 months of taking ATT (Anti Tubercular Therapy), she became pregnant, in
spite of being on oC. pills. She filed a court case against the doctor who prescribed O.C. pills.
a. What are the constituents of the OC pill?
b. Out of many contraceptive methods, why did you prescribe pills?
c. Explain what caused the failure of O.C. pills are.
d. How could this unwanted pregnancy have been prevented? What advice should have
been given?
e. What adverse effects and precautions you would keep in mind before prescribing O C.
Pills?

7
6) A 45 year old diabetic patient, who was well controlled on glibenclamide 5 mg per day at

B1
breakfast, had to undergo a major emergency operation. Following surgery he developed
diabetic ketoacidosis.
a. Explain why he developed ketoacidosis.
b. How could this undesirable condition have been avoided?

a
c. Outline the principles of management of ketoacidosis.
d. Name conventional and newer insulin preparations.

rm
e. Mechanism of Prednisolone as anti. - Inflammatory, immunological and anti-allergic
action.

7) A 30 year old asthmatic woman consulted her doctor for frequent attacks of asthma during
spring season. The general practitioner prescribed Salbutamol 4 mg & Prednisolone 15mg to
ba
be laken daily in divided doses. Since she felt better after 2 weeks of therapy, she continued the
treatment during the whole winter season without further consultation. Gradually she gained
weight, developed irregular periods & blood pressure was raised. On examination she had
edema of face and feet and abdominal striae.
eb

a. Is prednisolone as such a bronchodilator?

b. Name two pharmacological properties of prednisolone for which it is used in bronchial
asthma.
c. Explain the phenomenon of weight gain,rise in BP and edema
tD

d. What is the effect of prednisolone on the number of beta-2 receptors in

bronchus?(Increased/ decreased/ no change)
e. What is the fatal condition that may develop after the sudden withdrawal of
prednisolone in this case?
iji

f. Outline the treatment of this fatal condition .

g. Name various techniques of administration of glucocorticoids to avoid this fatal
condition.
Ar

8) Name three contraindications of prednisolone

9) Mechanism of action of propylthiouracil as antithyroid & its clinical use.
10) Outline the role of various drugs in the management of thyroid storm.
11) Advantages and disadvantages of radioactive iodine as antithyroid agent.
12) Name Serum Estrogen Receptor modulator(SERM). And mention its two uses.
13) Clomiphene citrate is used as an ovulaling agent.
14) Bromocriptine is used to inhibit lactation
15) Write short notes on
A. Antiprogestins
B. Tocolytics
C. Octreotide

16 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 D. Sildenafil
16) Explain why Finasteride is used for management of BHP.

ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTICANCER & MISC.

1)
a. Classify antitubercular drugs. Write the MOA and A/E of INH & Rifampicin.
b. Write the treatment regimens for patients of pulmonary tuberculosis presumed to be
drug sensitive. 2x (2020,2009)
2) Mention the different uses of Chloroquine.4x (2018,2012,2010,2013)

7
3) Mention the different uses of azithromycin and 3 adverse reactions(2018)

B1
4)
a. Classify antimalarial drugs.
b. Draw the life cycle of malarial parasites showing the site of action of different
antimalarials. Write the mechanism of action and uses of chloroquine.2x (2018,2016)

a
5)
a. What is DOTS?

rm
b. Give different uses of rifampicin.(2018)
6) Treatment regimen of new cases of TB/Category I TB according to DOT.(2012)
7) Amoxicillin is combined with Clavulanic acid.2x (2012,2013)
ba
8) Multidrug therapy used in treatment of TB. 4x (2014,2011,2009,2010)
9) Primaquine is prescribed along with Chloroquine for treatment of P.Vivax malaria.2x
(2014,2011)
10)35. Y.O lady- low grade fever & cough for 2 months with loss of appetite and weight. History
eb

reveals - some drugs in combination for 15 days and one of the ingredients was rifampicin. For
the last few weeks, she stopped due to A/E & presented with haemoptysis.2019
a. What is your provisional diagnosis? As per new categorization, in which category this
patient belongs to?
tD

b. Enumerate 4 uses of rifampicin. (2013)

c. Write down the treatment protocol for this particular patient.
d. Why is treatment of such patients done with multiple drugs for prolonged periods?
e. If the lady is on OCP for family planning, what modifications of management will you
iji

like to do and why?

11)Pharmacotherapy of uncomplicated falciparum malaria patients from your locality. 2019
Ar

12)
a. Name different groups of beta-lactam antibiotics.
b. Write 4 common properties of aminoglycosides. 2016
13)Q. 4 +
a. write a regimen for cerebral malaria.
b. Why is primaquine used along with chloroquine in P.Vivax malaria? 2016
14)Patient from North Tripura - sudden coldness & Severe rigor + high fever, flushing, vomiting &
headache. Patient fully conscious and presented with anemia and hepatosplenomegaly. 2018
a. Classify antimalarial drugs according to their action at various stages of the life cycle of
causative organisms in the human host.
b. If she is found P.Falciparum +ve, how will you manage whis case?

17 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 c. If she lies in the 1st trimester of pregnancy and develops signs/symptoms of cerebral
malaria, how would you manage?
d. Mention 2 advantages of Artemisinin Based combination therapy (ACT) over other
antimicrobials. 2022
e. Is there any role of Primaquine in falciparum malaria? Justify your answer.
f. Mention four uses of chloroquine other than malaria.
15) Describe in brief : rationale of antimicrobial combination therapy.2018
16)Why is Albendazole preferred over Praziquantel for treatment of neurocysticercosis?2018
17)Enumerate the common properties of aminoglycoside antibiotics and their common side
effects. 2x ( 2017,2013)
18)Write the MOA of Fluconazole and its uses. Mention four advantages of fluconazole over
Ketoconazole. 2009

7
19)Pharmacotherapy of uncomplicated falciparum malaria case from North Tripura. 2022
20)Management of covid-19 patients. 2021

B1
21)Mention 6 therapeutic uses of metronidazole. 2022
22) Mention the treatment regimens for new patients of Pulmonary TB presumed to be drug
sensitive. 2022
23)Mention the Management of Scabies. 2x (2021,2022)

a
24)General toxicity of cytotoxic drugs. 2022
Explain pharmacological basis of why :

rm
25)Trimethoprim is combined with sulfamethoxazole. 2017
26)Probenecid is given along with Ampicillin.2017
27)Rifampicin is given once a month in leprosy. 2017
28)Tetracycline is Contraindicated in pregnancy and children upto 8 years of age. 2013
ba
29)Cilastatin is combined with imipenem but not meropenem. 2021
30)Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim are combined. 2022
Explain M.O.A and uses of :
eb

31)Acyclovir. 2013
32)Ofloxacin. 2011
33)Azithromycin. 2011
34)Enumerate drugs used in treatment of an uncomplicated case of Chloroquine resistant
tD

falciparum malaria. What are the adverse effects of quinine?2018

Write a short note on:
35)Ciprofloxacin. 2009
36)Itraconazole. 2009
iji

37)Mebendazole. 2009
38)D-Penicillamine. 2008
39)Albendazole or Why is it known as Broad Spectrum anthelmintics. 2010
Ar

40)Mechanism of action & three therapeutic uses Methotrexate. 2021

PCT
1)
a) Name four groups of Antimicrobial agents with example, which act by inhibiting
bacterial cell wall synthesis.
b) Name four extended spectrum Penicillins.
c) Name four Beta-Lactam antibiotics which are effective against Pseudomonas.
d) Enumerate 4 biochemical mechanisms by which microbes develop resistance against
antimicrobial agents.
e) Mention four uses of cephalosporins.

18 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 2) Mrs. Sabita Reang consulted a doctor for dysuria, increased frequency of micturition with
urgency, lower abdominal pain and fever for the last few days.
a) What is your probable diagnosis? How Will you confirm/prove your diagnosis?
b) Mentions four groups of suitable antimicrobial agents with their mechanism of action
which can be used for management of such cases.
c) If the patient is pregnant, how and why would this alter your choice of antimicrobial
agents?
d) Mention four conditions where azithromycin is now preferred over erythromycin as the
first choice.
3)
a) Why is TB treatment done with multiple drugs for a prolonged period?

7
b) Enumerate the four uses and adverse effects of Rifampicin?

B1
c) Write down the DOT regimen for a newly diagnosed case of pulmonary Tuberculosis.
4)
a) Mention two Cephalosporins which are effective against anaerobic organisms and

a
b) mention two Antimicrobial agents which are effective against MRSA.

rm
5) Mrs. Sharma aged 30 married, was suffering from high fever with rigor and chills for the last
one week. The fever with myalgia and headache was coming on every second or third day. The
blood picture showed the presence of Plasmodium vivax. She was diagnosed with benign
malaria.
a) What is the drug of choice? Give reasons.
ba
b) What dosage regimen of the selected drugs will you prescribe?
c) Can the chosen drug achieve a radical cure? What drug and for how long the radical
curative treatment is given? What precaution should be taken?
eb

d) If she gets pregnant will you change your decision about drugs?
e) Discuss briefly the treatment of chloroquine resistant cerebral malaria.
6)
tD

a) Classify Antimicrobial agents according to their mechanism of action.

b) Discuss briefly the mechanisms of development of drug resistance against antimicrobial
agents.
c) How can drug resistance be prevented?
iji

d) Discuss briefly the various factors which modify the choice of antimicrobial agent.

7) A 35 years old lady attended OPD with a history of low grade fever and cough for 2 months
Ar

with loss of appetite and weight. History reveals that she has consumed some drugs in
combination for 15 days and one of the ingredients of that drug was rifampicin. For the last
two weeks she has stopped the drugs due to some adverse effects and presented with
haemoptysis.
a) What is your provisional diagnosis? As per new categorization, in which category this
patient belongs to?
b) What are the first line drugs used for such conditions?
c) Enumerate the four uses and adverse effects of Rifampicin.
d) Write down the Pharmacotherapeutic regimen for this particular patient.
e) If the lady is on OCP for family planning, what modification of management will you like
to do and why?
f) If the mother is lactating, what precautions should be taken for the baby?

19 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 8) A HIV positive patient developed meningitis probably of Cryptococcus origin.
a) Mention two drugs which can be given for the treatment of this patient.
b) Briefly mention the mechanism of action of one of these drugs.
c) Mention one first line NACO recommended antiretroviral regimen for pregnant ladies.
d) Mention one regimen for post exposure prophylaxis of HIV.
e) What are the adverse effects of Amphotericin B?
f) Which antifungal drug is effective against Leishmaniasis and which drug is
recommended for visceral Leishmaniasis?
g) Mention two uses of Interferon a.
9) Classify the anti-malarial drugs according to their action at various stages of the life cycle of
causative organisms in the human host.

7
10)How will you manage a case of uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria patient coming
from North Tripura District?

B1
11)How will you manage a case of cerebral malaria patient who is in 1st trimester of pregnancy?
12)Mention two advantages of Artemisinin based combination therapy (ACT) over other
antimalarials.

a
13)Is there any role of Primaquine in falciparum malaria? Justify your answer.
14)Mention four uses of Chloroquine.

rm
15)Mention one broad spectrum anthelmintic and one drug effective orally in scabies.
16)Mrs. "Sabita '' 30 years coming from an area where chloroquine resistance is common,
complains of sudden coldness and severe rigor followed by high fever, flushing, vomiting, and
headache. Signs include anemia and hepatic-splenomegaly.
ba
a) What is your provisional diagnosis? For the management of such cases, enumerate the
pharmacological substances/drugs available, according to their action at various stages
of the life cycle of the causative organisms in the human host. If she is from the North
Eastern state of India, what will be your drug of choice?
eb

b) How will you manage if she is in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy and develops signs and
symptoms of cerebral malaria?
c) Write down four uses of Chloroquine?(other than Malaria)
d) Is there any role of Primaquine in the management of malaria caused by Plasmodium
tD

falciparum & P.vivax? How?

e) Write two advantages of Artemisinin Based Combination Therapy (ACT) over other
antimalarials.
17)Write five therapeutic uses of Cephalosporins.
iji

18)A nursing staff, after giving an i.v. injection to a patient got a needle prick injury and consults
you. The needle had penetrated across his gloves and skin to a depth of 2-3 mm, but was
withdrawn immediately and the area was washed under running water. On enquiry, the
Ar

patient revealed that one year back she had tested HIV positive, but was asymptomatic with a
normal CD4 count and not taking any Anti-HIV medication.
a) Should the nursing staff be advised to take post-exposure prophylaxis medication for
HIV?
b) If medication is advised, which drug/drugs, doses, and duration of use would be
appropriate?
c) Mention the HIV treatment principles and guidelines for initiating antiretroviral therapy.
d) Mention one First-line antiretroviral regimen.
e) Mention two uses and two adverse effects of Interferon a.

19)Write down the DOT regimen for a pulmonary Tuberculosis patient who has stopped taking
anti-TB drugs for two weeks after taking for one week.

20 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 20)A 30-year-old married woman attended chest OPD with a history of low-grade fever and
cough for 2(two) months with loss of appetite and weight loss. She has taken some drugs in
combination for 40 days, one of the drugs was Rifampicin. For the last 2(Two) weeks she has
stopped taking the drugs and now presented with hemoptysis. 2022
a) As per the new categorization, in which category does this patient belong to? Write
down the treatment regimen for this patient. If the lady wants to conceive during the
course of the treatment will you alter her treatment regimen?
b) Why is multiple drugs for prolonged periods needed to treat this patient?
c) Enumerate four uses and four adverse effects of Rifampicin.
21)
a) What is the name of the National Program for Tuberculosis and what are the 4 strategic

7
pillars of the program?
b) Write briefly about these pillars. 2022

B1
Explain the pharmacological basis of why:
22)Tetracycline is contraindicated in pregnancy and children below 8 years of age.

a
23)Trimethoprim is combined with Sulfamethoxazole.
24)Probenecid is given along with ampicillin.

rm
25)Amoxicillin is often combined with Clavulanic acid.
26)Imipenem is combined with Cilastatin.
27)Neuromuscular should be used cautiously in patients receiving Aminoglycosides.
28)Patients taking Metronidazole should avoid alcohol.
ba
29)Ketoconazole should not be combined with Terfenadine.
30)Gentamicin should not be combined with Furosemide.
31)Optimal synergy against most organisms is exhibited by Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim
combination at a 20:1 concentration ratio but the dosing ratio is 5:1.
eb

32)Aminoglycosides are not effective against anaerobic organisms.

33)Albendazole is preferred over Praziquantel for the management of Neurocysticercosis.
34)Fluconazole is preferred over Ketoconazole. (4 /5 points)
tD

35)General toxicity of cytotoxic drugs.

36)Toxicity of Methotrexate can not be overwhelmed by folic acid.
37)Rifabutin is preferred to Rifampicin in AIDS patients. 2022
38)Half-life of Isoniazid (INH) is different in different populations. 2022
Write in brief :
iji

39)Which tetracycline can cause Diabetes and why?

40)Why it is not advisable to alkalinize the urine of UTI patients on Nitrofurantoin therapy.
Ar

41)Which Antimicrobial agents may cause Red man syndrome and why?
42)Treatment regimens of Category I & If tuberculosis with doses.
43)Lepromin reaction. Or Lepra Reaction
44)Treatment of UTI & Extraintestinal amoebiasis.
45)HIV treatment guidelines.
46)How can you prolong the duration of action of Penicillin?
47)How will you treat a case of acute amoebic Dysentery?
48)Mechanism of action, adverse effects, and uses Amphotericin B (AMB).
49)Mechanism of action & three therapeutic uses of Methotrexate.
50)Guideline to initiate antiretroviral therapy.
51)Multi-drug therapy regimen for Multibacillary Leprosy.
52)Four uses of Metronidazole except Intestinal and extraintestinal amoebiasis.

21 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 CNS & General Anesthetics

1. A neurologist prescribed an antiepileptic drug to a person suffering from grand mal

epilepsy. The patient was regularly taking the drug, but after some time he developed

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gum hyperplasia, ataxia, vertigo, and nystagmus. Because of these unwanted effects of
the drug, one of his friends advised him to discontinue the drug. 2022

B1
a. Identify the prescribed drug. Describe its antiepileptic mechanism of action.
b. Comment about the advice given by the patient’s friend.
c. After discontinuation, if he develops status epilepticus, how will you manage?

a
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2. Explain pharmacological basis of why :
a. Sodium valproate is used as an anti-epileptic drug. 2020
b. Levodopa is combined with carbidopa in the treatment of parkinsonism.
c. Methadone is used in the management of opioid
poisoning(dependance/withdrawal). 2019,10
ba
d. Pentazocine is contraindicated in MI. 2018
e. Morphine is contraindicated in head injury patients. 2017,13
f. Use of Thiopentone Sodium for induction of general anesthesia. 2017
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g. Ethyl Alcohol is used for methyl alcohol poisoning. 2011

h. Anticholinergics are used in extrapyramidal syndrome. 2018
i. Morphine but not Pentazocine is used in Acute MI. 2022
tD

3. Write in brief:
a. MOA of Sodium valproate in epilepsy. It’s therapeutic uses. 2014, 16, 17
b. Uses of antidepressants other than depression. 2019
iji

c. MOA and Therapeutic uses of Phenytoin Sodium. 2017

d. SN - Carbamazepine. 2013
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e. SN - PreAnaesthetic medication. 2013

f. SN - Clozapine. 2011
g. SN - Tramadol. 2011
h. SN - Drug abuse/Addiction. 2019,13
i. SN - Fluoxetine 2009

4.
a. Classify antiepileptic drugs according to clinical use. ****
b. What are the MOA, Adverse effects & therapeutic uses of phenytoin sodium?.
2010, 09 ***
c. Name two drugs that cause extrapyramidal syndrome(EPS)

22 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 d. How will you treat the condition?
e. Why should anti-epileptics not be withdrawn suddenly? 2012
5.
a. Why is sodium valproate called a broad-spectrum anti-epileptic drug?
b. Mention two advantages of fosphenytoin over phenytoin.
c. How would you manage a case of status epilepticus?
d. Enumerate the justification of drugs used in pre-anesthetic medication. 2018
6.
a. Enumerate the antiepileptic drugs.
b. Write the MOA and side effects of Carbamazepine 2018
7. Write the drugs used in the Prophylaxis of morphine. 2018

7
8. A 30 y.o. man got suddenly unconscious with froth coming out of his mouth and a toxic

B1
spasm of body muscles and clonic jerking which lasted for about a minute and was
followed by prolonged sleep. He has a previous history of such attacks. 2009
a. What is your probable diagnosis?
b. Name the various drugs used for the treatment of this condition.

a
c. Write the MOA and A/E of Phenytoin Sodium. Write its therapeutic uses.
9. Enumerate the advantages of benzodiazepines over Barbiturates as sedative-hypnotics.

PCT
2022

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1. A girl aged 24 years a known epileptic patient was being treated by Phenytoin Sodium
regularly over one year. She got married. She didn't want to have a baby in the
immediate future and hence consulted her neighbor ; a friend who advised her to take
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O.C.pill. In Spite of taking the OC pill, however, she became pregnant.

a. Explain why the OC pill has failed to produce the desired effect.
b. What are the alternative measures you could advise in this patient?
c. Do you think she needs to continue antiepileptic treatment?
tD

d. Can you withdraw anti epileptic drugs suddenly ? justify your answer.
e. Classify anti - epileptic drugs according to their clinical use.
f. What are the adverse effects of Phenytoin?
2. A 35 years old businessman suffered heavy loss in his business and became very
iji

depressed and stopped taking interest in the business. Gradually he withdrew himself
from social activity. He felt guilty, worthless, tired all the time and lost interest in
everything, not eating properly and had disturbed sleep. He consulted a psychiatrist and
was prescribed Tab Sertraline 50 mg twice daily. The family member brought him back
Ar

after one week and complained that there was no improvement. On questioning, the
patient revealed that he felt more restless, had nausea, pain in upper abdomen,
headache and no desire to eat.
a. Explain- what could be the reason for no improvement in the depressive
symptoms?
b. Is the choice of drug appropriate? What advice should be given to the patient
party?
c. Mention two atypical antidepressants?
d. Mention two non-Benzodiazepine hypnotics.
e. Why Benzodiazepines are preferred to barbiturates as sedatives and hypnotics.
Mention four reasons.
f. Mention three uses of Antidepressants other than Depression.

23 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 3. Mention four differences between Local anesthesia and General anesthesia.
4. Mention four different groups of drugs used as preanaesthetic medication with specific
aims of each of them.
5. Name the following:
a. Four Intravenous general anesthetics.
b. I.V. general anesthetic that can be used both for induction and maintenance of
general anesthesia.
c. I.V. anesthetic only used for induction.
d. I.V. General anesthetic can be used in asthmatics.
e. I.V.General anesthetic, dangerous for hypertensive patients.
6.
a. Classify the Anti- epileptic drugs according to clinical use.

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b. What is the mechanism of action of Sodium valproate?
c. Mention two more uses of Sodium valproate other than epilepsy.

B1
d. What is Divalproex?
e. Mention two advantages of use of Fosphenytoin over Phenytoin.
f. How will you manage a child of febrile convulsion?
7.

a
a. Mention a drug with a narrow therapeutic index used to stabilize the mood.
b. What is its mechanism of action?

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c. What do you expect if you use this drug with furosemide?
d. Mention four routes by which this drug can be excreted.
e. Mention three adverse effects of this drug.
f. Mention two atypical antipsychotic drugs and their two adverse effects.
ba
8.
a. Mention four different groups of drugs used for preanaesthetic medication with
justification of use for each of them.
b. What do you understand by “diffusion hypoxia”?
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c. Why Thiopentone sodium is used for induction of general anesthesia but not for
maintenance.
d. Why Nitrous oxide is not used alone as general anesthetics.
e. Write a brief note on "Dissociative anesthesia".
tD

f. Mention 2 uses of carbamazepine other than epilepsy.

9.
a. Mention the different stimulant and depressant actions of Morphine.
b. Discuss how morphine is useful in the treatment of acute left ventricular failure?
iji

c. Discuss Aspirin as an anti-inflammatory agent.

Ar

Explain Pharmacological basis of why : -

10.Morphine in acute myocardial Infarction.
11.Anticholinergics are used for management of drug induced Extrapyramidal syndrome/drug
induced Parkinsonism.
12.Ethyl alcohol in methyl alcohol poisoning.
13.Sertraline as Antidepressant.
14.Lithium carbonate as mood stabilizer.
15.Methadone in management of Opioid dependence.
16.Sodium Valproate is a broad spectrum antiepileptic drug.
17.Carbidopa is used with Levodopa in the management of parkinsonism.

24 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 18.Morphine is contraindicated in
a. Head injury.
b. Bronchial Asthma
19.Sodium bicarbonate is used in barbiturate poisoning.
20.Donepezil in Alzheimer's disease.
21.It is better to avoid Pentazocine in Ischaemic Heart disease.
22.Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) potentiate the directly acting sympathomimetic amines
but attenuate the action of indirect sympathomimetic amines.
23.Nitrous oxide can cause diffusion hypoxia when Nitrous oxide(N20) is discontinued after
prolonged anesthesia.
24.Although carbamazepine is not an analgesic it effectively suppresses pain in trigeminal

7
neuralgia.
25.Thiopentone sodium is ultra short acting although it is metabolized slowly.

B1
26.Long term use of Pethidine can cause seizures in some patients.
27.Nitrous oxide is not used alone as general anesthetics.
28.Domperidone but not Metoclopramide should be used for Levodopa induced vomiting.

a
29.Phenobarbitone in neonatal jaundice.
30.Ethyl alcohol in methyl alcohol poisoning.

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31.Amantadine in parkinsonism
32.Diazepam in insomnia.
33.Ketamine is preferred anesthetic in patients who have bled and in asthmatics.
34.Carbamazepine in trigeminal neuralgia.
ba
35.Morphine is administered in acute myocardial infarction but Pentazocine is contraindicated
in myocardial infarction.
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Write in brief :-
36.Uses of anti depressants other than depression.
37.Second gas effect and Diffusion hypoxia.
tD

38.Methadone in management of Opioid dependence.

39.Lithium carbonate as mood stabilizer.
40.Management of Alzheimer's disease.
41.Preanaesthetic medication.
iji

42.Naloxone.
Ar

Miscellaneous & AETCOM Topics

1. Short note on : BAL
2. Short note on : Drug Abuse
3. Explain the role of autonomy and shared responsibility as a guiding principle in patient
care .
4. Define drug tolerance. Describe its types with examples
5. Need of Antimicrobial Stewardship program.
6. Pharmacotherapy of Scabies.
7. Pharmacotherapy of Febrile convulsion

25 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

 8. Describe Schedule ‘X’ drugs as per Indian Drugs and Cosmetics Act.
9. What are Misbranded Drugs.
10. Mention three general toxicities of anticancer drugs. Describe how to treat these adverse
effects.
11. Enumerate the various principles of effective communication. How will you communicate
a prescription to a patient?
12. General toxicity of cytotoxic drugs.
13. Why COVID-19 vaccines are not given in patients having immunosuppressive
treatment?
14.Management of COVID-19 (Corona) patients.
15. What is the name of National program of Tuberculosis and what are the 4 strategic
pillars of this program? What non pharmacological advice will you give to tuberculosis
patients while prescribing anti TB drugs? 2023(2nd IA)

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16.Describe in brief: rationale of antimicrobial combination therapy

B1
a
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tD
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26 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC

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B1
a
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ba
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tD
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27 Arijit Debbarma | Abir Debnath | Pharmacology Imp PYQs | Batch 17 | AGMC