Looking at the reactants and products
The table compares the properties of the reactants and product when you burn
mai,'llcsium. You can sec that the properties of the product arc different from
those of the rcacta.nu.
Magnesium (reactant)Oxygen (reactant)Magnesium oxide (product)Elementor compound?
elementelementcompoundState at room temperaturesolidgassolidAppearancesoft,shiny,
malleablecolourless, has no smellwhite, powderyConducts electricity?yesnono
Meltingpoint / �c651-2142800t Questions . - _ _ , Compare the melting poi.nu
of magnesium, oxygen and magnesium oxide.
find one similarity betwec.Dmagnesium oxide and one of tJ1e reactants. For each of
the photographs below, say if it isa physical change or a chemical reaction and
c.xplain why you think tltls.
a Inking toast. b Melting chocolate. c Fireworks goingolI
I
Sugar is the solute. Water is the solvent. The sugar and water mixture is the
solution.
The djagrams below how whal happens to sugar molecules when they dissolve.
The sugar crystal is visible because the molecules are tightly packed together.
The water molecules bump into the groups of sugar molecules and separate them.
The water molecules separate all the sugar molecules. The
molecules are too small to be seen so the solution looks transparent.
So\ub1 \it
-) +M l,ih-lj c.f Sc\11, Q (& Ii, 8'-'j Y) -to isso)\/<t
�,n So\v + ( w \ey)
Soluble, ol\At -") o\lA\ t on JiSSolvt- \V\ C4 o\vtY\'t �
Ji\Sol b\Cl. o\ulcz. ""? (01ute. -\ qt v.nn()t d,ssoh,t 011\ So\v.t.nt
D1lut solu-hon -, uMuUr'\t of S t IS m.o�Q.. 1 c." <;Dlu+t. �
COf\ <.Qrit r \ � d 1" O\.Anr cf J olu e Is e y. \ 0 ( 'fY'C>y 1- ch.
So) hoC\ -t e.. olv ent �
Sqfiarc,ttd arvi6unt of 6\A( \ t i S over tk \ irV\, t 1 ,f w-e..
Scluhao a. o\ N-ol"Q. <;ohAt 1 1\-- CA Wlc,t o\,s.su\vt. c.t m<>fl(..
Separating Mixtures - Filtration
Funnel
-=,:,...,.....
,,,.,,. , FilterPaper
i.e-mlllcPfiful!II1OMdl.litlJIIIJBIIWC-atn
Evaporating Dish/ Beaker
g11,,..arll><dfor,..r,o,a,Jonalllqulds
G) Ch<olV'IG\t y"f )
-:) +v _Qf""rc..ie fr\i t'Q ct cotnfOr\ n b�'.SCZA ""
h ovJ 4)\QI -tr""e,\ +\w o IAj Ld;I,{m �
-) Hr"l" :Pt'j ctHe, u,-\- u\o...,s at i11k.'
�
eiL f,r 6 O
A chromatogram showing the colours in felt tip pens.
iron filings
sulfur
The iron is shown here as small pieces called filings.
The sulfur, shown here as powder, is yellow and not hard.
1 The diagram on the right showssome partides in air. The OJ.:ll.l),ge ci!'.�!cs
rcpn:�scnt o en atom,.11w bl11<" circles rcpn' (�nt nitro. cn ittoms. Th(' white
circles rcprc><�nt J1Ydro,_Sfn atom . Th(� b.h!;kcirrlcs represent carbon atoms.
a \\'hichhe most common rkmcnt in nir?
b How many diOhcn11-;nds of molecules arc hown in the diagram? Can you name them
all?
1. Sodium Chloride (NaCl) 1 S i!Al'C\ Aiol"'I 1 1 Ch)ovi11e, l\\()f/\ �
2. Glucose (C.H,,O.)-) (; (c, boi- o,-\vm/ 12. olv0,e.- ctu'(I ,
" 0 1\
3. Sulfuric Acid (H,so.J '.)_ f!:,clro,vi , I S1A\ft..r 1 4 O j el\
�
4. Ammonia (NH,) \ Ni1Vo c,i-0 , 3 It-:, cAro .en q\llm
5. Methane (CH.ii -, I (c.r CIY\ o,tum , It, ftjolrc, in
6. Calcium Carbonate (CaCO,) I C'l\(.i lO l'II
\ Cc;.rbol\
1
3 o)( jtf '1'1
C".n,up
Periodic Table of the Elements
I 18
IA AlkalairntUls Polt�trwlliollrnculs IA
2
11--Alomi<--
2 Na-Elem<nt.,.-
2A Sodium-a--
Alblflt ��t-h
- unwn;,..
ldts
Metallolds He
OIJwr '"""11Nls
Halog,ns
2 Li
lithium
..B,.e_
lft-i1\ Translllonmtbls Hobl�
IWll-.propntlts
..B...,
F'
Alnt
.N...e..
Ull UUJ lo.l06
II u 14
IUtl IG.IJO
17 11
l Na
Sodium
Al
J 4 6 7 9 10 ti 12 Alllnnal
Si
Sllkon
Cl
Cllllfll,o
.,A.r.
12.990 18 48 SB 68 78 88 18 28 16.912 1"�'4
..-...
JSM6 St.Ml
......
......
.....
.....
l7 JI 19 40 41 42 41 44 45 46 47 41 49 50
SI Sl n l?
11.'61 17.61
tUl4 tU06
tU06J 101.07 IOI.ti 10,6..41 l07J7 IU.41 UUl UUI llL76 U7.60 llUO
uu,
ss 56
72 7l 74 75 76 77
79 IO II 82 n 14 as 16
6 Cs Ba
Hf Ta
...w R.e..
Os Ir Pt Au
,wn..,,
Pb Bi
..P.o.... At Rn
Cesium
tw..
a-
- lrloloa "-""-
,.G.o.,W,
I.
Nd lisnuh
Alladle bdon
17 104 105 106 107 IOI 109 110 111 111 Ill 114 m 116
117 Ill
7 Fr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Os Rg Cn Uut Fl Uup
Lv Uus Uuo
mnclln
., --- Meilnttult�"""""-ia- .......c.r---- RtrCM<IIIlloJunptotio,a u..--
U.umopd,a Unlnoctin!I
(llll
(161) (1611 Cl PM! (l"J 1161) (161) (161) 1161) (1611 (161) (261) 1161) (161)
(161)
non-metals
l� ...1
Questions
1 \Vhat arc Lhe names of the clements wiLh the symbols :Mg, Be, Li and N?
2 Find the symbols for the clements aluminium, boron, fluorine and potassium.
Questions
3 \Vhich clement has atoms with the smallest mass?
4 \Vhich of the first 20 elements in Lhe Periodic Table has atoms with the greatest
mass?
5 Give the names (not symbols) of two elements in the same period
as magnesium.
6 Give the symbols (not names) of two elements in the same group as helium.
Nucleus
(2.Protpns
+
6 Neutrons)
{�)Proton
8E s-
Q/21nners ell
60utershell
\
Q
Oxygen Atom
Q Electron @Proton QNeutron
