Internet of Things (IoT) –

Architecture, Communication Technology, and Applications

(EED-379)

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 Introduction of IoT

Syllabus

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 What is IoT?

Your things + sensors

Data analysis + insights

Actions + decision making

Connecting everyday things embedded with electronics, software, and sensors to the
internet enabling them to collect and exchange data.

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 Internet of Things

Syllabus

• First coined by British Visionary Kevin Ashton in presentation to proctor and

gamble in 1999. Kevin Ashton is an innovator and consumer sensor expert.

• Though the concept of M2M is quite old dating back to 70’s.

• What are the “Things” in the discussion here?

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 Things in IoT

Syllabus

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 IoT will revolutionize the industry

• Technology
• Robotics – Replacing humans on assembly line
• 3D Printing – Manufacturing customized
components
• Big Data – Collecting performance parameters
• Analytics – Understanding collected data
• Process
• Constant communication – Data exchange
between components
• Decentralized decision making – Routing
decisions
Syllabus
• Standardization – Ease of customization
• Smart Transport System – Automated
transportation of raw materials / final products
• People
• Increased efficiency – Reduction in labour per
unit
• Skill Development – Up-skilling, Reskilling,
Continuous learning, & Mindset changes
• Only to handle disruption – Monitoring and
corrective actions

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 Where is IoT?

Automobile Construction Healthcare

Consumer
Education Defence
Electronics
Syllabus

IT Manufacturing

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 IoT Application: Consumer Applications

• Home Automation

Syllabus • Wearables

• Connected Cars

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 IoT Application: Industrial IoT Applications

• Monitoring Manufacturing

• Remote Maintenance
Syllabus

• Energy Monitoring and Metering

• Predictive Maintenance

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 IoT Application: IoT in Infrastructure

Syllabus

• Smart waste management

• Smart energy management • Public safety
• Smart health • Smart parking
• Air pollution management

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 IoT Application: IoT in Commercial

Syllabus

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 IoT Application: IoT in Banking

Syllabus

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 IoT Market

Syllabus

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 IoT Market

Syllabus

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 IoT Market

Syllabus

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 IoT Architecture

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 Design Principles and needed Capabilities
Design Principles:
1. Do your research: When designing IoT-enabled products, designers might make the
mistake of forgetting why customers value these products in the first place. That’s why it’s
a good idea to think about the value an IoT offering should deliver at the initial phase of
your design.

2. Concentrate on value: If you want your IoT solution to become widely adopted, you
need to focus on the actual tangible value it’s going to deliver to your target audience.

3. Don’t forget about the bigger picture: One characteristic trait of IoT solutions is that
they typically include multiple devices that come with different capabilities and consist of
both digital and physical touchpoints. Your solution might also be delivered to users in
cooperation with service providers.

4. Remember about the security: Don’t forget that IoT solutions aren’t purely digital.
They’re located in the real-world context, and the consequences of their actions might be
serious if something goes wrong. At the same time, building trust in IoT solutions should
be one of your main design drivers.

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 Design Principles and needed Capabilities

Design Principles:
Build with the context in mind: And speaking of context, it pays to remember that IoT
solutions are located at the intersection of the physical and digital world. The commands you
give through digital interfaces produce real-world effects. Unlike digital commands, these
actions may not be easily undone.
In a real-world context, many unexpected things may happen. That’s why you need to make
sure that the design of your solution enables users to feel safe and in control at all times.

Make good use of prototypes: IoT solutions are often difficult to upgrade. Once the user
places the connected object somewhere, it might be hard to replace it with a new version –
especially if the user would have to pay for the upgrade.
From the design perspective, it means that prototyping and rapid iteration will become critical
in the early stages of the project.

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 Basics of Networking

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 Wireless sensor network

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 IoT Gateway

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 Data Management

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 Role of cloud in IoT
Benefits of Cloud in IoT
✓ Scalability
✓ Data mobility
✓ Security
✓ Cost effectiveness

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 Security aspect in IoT

As most of the systems are using existing wireless networks such as wifi, zigbee, zwave,
GSM etc.; IoT systems can be hacked using wireless devices. In order to have safe and secure
use of IoT devices and IoT network, following precautions are advisable. These are very
useful as IoT security aspects for both the user as well as IoT network service provider.

✓ Do not store any critical business or personal data in internet cloud.

✓ Do not store any password in your IoT device or anywhere in internet cloud.
✓ Do not install any malware without verifying its authenticity.
✓ Always install third-party software from authentic and genuine websites.
✓ Do not be hurry in start using the IoT device, first secure your newly purchased IoT
device with anti-malware and anti-virus software's.
✓ Switch off unused IoT devices as they are vulnerable for potential attack by hackers in a
home network. For example, switch off IoT compliant thermostats when not needed.

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 Business processes in IoT

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 Syllabus

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