ENERGY LOSSES
Following are the major sources of energy loss in a transformer
1. Copper lossis the energy loss in the form of heat in the copper
coils of a transformer. This is due to joule heating of conducting
wires
2. Iron lossís the energy loss in the form of heat in the iron core
of the transformer. This is due to formation of eddy currents in
iron core. It is minimized by taking laminated cores.
3. Leakage of magnetic flux occurs inspite of best insulations.
Therefore, rate of change of magnetic flux linked with each turn
of S1S2 is less than the rate of change of magnetic flux linked
with each turn of P1P2
4. Hysteresis lossis the loss of energy due to repeated
magnetization and demagnetization of the iron core when A.C.
isfedto it.
5. Magneto striation i.e. humming noise of a transformer.