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Medieval History 21

The document outlines the arrival and establishment of Portuguese and Dutch powers in India during the medieval period. It details key events such as Vasco da Gama's discovery of the Cape route, the establishment of trading stations, and the decline of Portuguese power, as well as the formation and activities of the Dutch East India Company. The document highlights the transition of dominance from the Portuguese to the Dutch and eventually to the English in the region.

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30 views7 pages

Medieval History 21

The document outlines the arrival and establishment of Portuguese and Dutch powers in India during the medieval period. It details key events such as Vasco da Gama's discovery of the Cape route, the establishment of trading stations, and the decline of Portuguese power, as well as the formation and activities of the Dutch East India Company. The document highlights the transition of dominance from the Portuguese to the Dutch and eventually to the English in the region.

Uploaded by

nikhildhuria85
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MEDIEVAL

HISTORY
The Advent of Europeans

Portuguese

• The Cape route was discovered from Europe to India by Vasco da Gama. He reached the port of

Calicut on May 17,1498 and was received by the Hindu ruler of Calicut (Known by the title of Zamorin).

• This led to the establishment of trading stations at Calicut, Cochin and Cannanore.

• Cochin was the early capital of the Portuguese in India. Later Goa replaced it.

• Francisco de Almeida was the first governor of Portuguese. Almeida (1505-09) introduced ' the policy

of Blue water'.
• Alfonso d' Albuquerque was the second governor of Portuguese. Albuquerque (1509-15)

introduced 'the policy of Imperialism', He captured Goa from the ruler of Bijapur in 1510.

• Nino da Cunha (1529-38) transferred his capital from Cochin to Goa (1530) and acquired Diu and

Bassein (1534) from Bahadur Shah of Gujarat.

• Martin Alfonso de Souza (1542-45): The famous Jesuit Saint Fransisco Xavier arrived in India with

him.

• The Portuguese power witnessed a decline by the end of the 16th century.

• They lost Hugli in 1631 after being driven out by Qasim khan, a Mughal noble of Shahjahan.
• In 1661 the King of Portugal gave Bombay to Charles II of England as dowry when he married the
former's sister. The Marathas captured Salsette and Bassein in 1739.

• In the end they were left only with Goa, Diu and Daman which they retained till 1961.
Dutch

• Formation of the company in March, 1602 by a charter of Dutch parliament. The Dutch East India
Company was formed with powers to make wars, conclude treaties, acquire territories and build
fortresses.

• The Dutch set up factories at Masulipattam (1605), Pulicat (1610), Surat (1616), Bimilipatam
(1641), Karaikal (1645), Chinsura (1653), Kasimbazar, Baranagore, Patna, Balasore, Negapatam
(all in 1658) and Cochin (1663).

• The Dutch replaced the Portuguese as the most dominant power in European trade with the East,
including India.

• Pulicat was main centre in India till 1690, after which Negapatam replaced it.

• The Dutch conceded to English after their defeat in the battle of Bedera in 1759.
THANK YOU

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