Presented by: Group 5
The Physical Self
01
The self as impacted
by the body
By: Mark Adrian Remigio
02
The Physical Self
Physical self refers to the body which we
interface with our environment and fellow
being.
It is a tangible aspect of the person that can
be directly observed and examined.
This discussion of Physical Self has found
place on different Schools of Psychology,
like psychoanalysis, behaviorism, humanism
for example.
03
William James
The body as initial source of sensation and
necessary for the origin and maintenance of
personality. It is an element of spiritual hygiene
of supreme significance. For example, a boxer
during a fight, do not notice/feels his wounds
until the intensity of fight has subside.
04
Sigmund Freud
In Psychoanalytical school, construction of self
and personality makes the physical body the core
of human experience. Freud was of the view that
the ego is first and foremost a body ego.
However, in spite of Freud's recognition of the
centrality of body, his own writings on therapy
rarely discuss it.
05
Wilhelm Reich
He argued that the mind and body are one; all
psychological processes, he postulated, are a
part of physical processes, and vice versa. So for
Reich, body is essential dynamic in all
psychological functioning and it plays a critical
role in storing and channeling the bioenergy,
which is the basis of human existence and
experience.
06
Erik Erikson
experience is anchored in the ground-plan of
body. According to him the role of bodily organs
is especially important in early developmental
stages of a persons life. Later in life, the
development of physical as well as intellectual
skills help determine whether the individual will
achieve a sense of competence and ability to
choose demanding roles in a complex society.
07
Carl Jung
He has argued that physical processes are
relevant to us only to the extent they are
represented in the psyche. The physical body
and the external world can be known only as
psychological experiences: I'm chiefly concerned
with the psyche itself, therefore I'm leaving out
body and spirit. The body and spirit are to me
mere aspects of the reality of the psyche.
08
B. F. Skinner
Skinner says that the role of the body is of
primary importance. Which from this different
orientation clearly show us and explains how
people deals with their physical self. Regardless
of what culture or traditions he or she may be, his
or her interpretation of himself will be how
people act in the community.
09
The impact of Culture on
Body Image and Self-esteem:
The Importance of Beauty
PRESNTED BY: CHARLEGMANE BANGCO
10
CULTURE:
is defined as a social system that is characterized by the
shared meanings that are attributed to people and events by
its members. All the concepts and theories (both personal and
social) that may affect the person’s view of his physical self,
there’s another factor that strongly impacts his perception his
cultural milieu.
11
Self esteem
is a measure of a person’s self-worth based on some personal or
social standard. Self-esteem encompasses beliefs about oneself ,
It is a global evaluative dimension of the self.
The body image created by adolescent which
includes perceptions and feelings about
oneself could either be positive or negative.
This is based on how the adolescent measures
up to the cultural standards of an ideal body
image.
12
The Filipino Concept of Beauty
EUROCENTRISM Colorism
is defined as “tendency to interpret is defined as “the prejudicial or
the world in terms of European or preferential treatment of
Anglo-American values and same-race people based solely
experiences. Filipino with on the color of their skin.
Eurocentric features are seen
everywhere in media.
13
Filipino culture
strongly influences how people view an ideal body image. This
influence comes from history, media, family opinions, and
established beauty standards that focus on specific looks.
These cultural factors can significantly affect how individuals
feel about themselves and how they relate to others.
Historical influences
play a key role in shaping body image perceptions. When
colonizers arrived in the Philippines, lighter skin was often seen
as more desirable. This created a lasting preference for lighter
skin tones and certain facial features, which still impacts
beauty ideals today.
14
After going through all the concepts and theories
that may affect the person’s view of his physical
self, there’s another factor that strongly impacts
this perception, his cultural milieu. Culture is
defined as a social system that is characterized
by the shared meanings that are attributed to
people and events by its members
15
A significant aspect of culture that strongly
influences adolescents who are in a face-to-
face encounter with their physical selves is
how their culture conceptualizes beauty.
Young adolescents are forced to adhere to
society’s definition of beauty lest they be
labelled ugly.
16
Social Constructionism
This is what is called the social constructionist approach
to understanding the physical self. This suggests that
beauty, weight, sexuality, or race do not simply result
from the collection of genes one inherited from one’s
parents. Instead, these bodily features only take on the
meaning that they have. A person may have a certain set
of facial features, or weigh a certain number of pounds
and attractiveness will come from the time and place in
which they live.
17
These meanings occur within a set of culturally constructed power
relations which suggest that, for example, women must be attractive in
order to be valuable. But this process does not just happen after we
enter culture. How those features will be interpreted will then be
shaped by culture, but the features themselves will already be present.
Meaning what occurs is that once something comes to take on cultural
meaning, it becomes naturalized: people think that things are the way
that they are because they have always been that way. These meanings
have been created, and that they can change, and that there’s nothing
natural at all. Even something that seems to be rooted in the body as
disability is partially socially constructed.
18
Essentialism
Essentialism means that bodies are defined entirely by their
biological make - up - bones, muscles, hormones, and the like.
Much of human behavior can also be reduced to many of
those biological functions, it is referred to by social scientists
call a reductionist idea that complex human behaviors can be
reduced to something as simple as, for example, hormones.
This simply means that we cannot understand the biological
organism without first understanding social, cultural, and
historical context in which it exists.
19
The Role of Culture in our
Understanding of Body
Image and Self Esteem
Presented By: Justine Rain Sanao
20
Self - Esteem
The overall evaluation that a person has of himself which
can be positive or negative, high or low. Self esteem is a
measure of the person’s self- worth based on some
personal or social standard. It is a global evaluative
dimension of the self.
How valuable to himself and others he person perceives
himself to be. Needless to say, people with positive or
high self-esteem are happier, have a sense of
accomplishment and purpose and relate well with others.
21
Cultural Factors That Influence Body Image
The culture you identify with can have a vast influence on your inner thoughts, feelings,
and opinions. This can, in turn, go a long way toward shaping how you feel about your
body.
Community
Ethnicity
Media
22
Community
The community you reside in, identify with, or are most exposed to can also have a large
impact on the way you see yourself. A community can be made up of classmates, colleagues,
fellow congregants, and neighbors, among others.
While many communities may be similarly influenced by popular media, certain traits, trends,
or fashions can also be considered more desirable in different groups.
23
Community
In our modern age, many sub-cultures have also developed within society at large. People may
see themselves as belonging to a certain scene, even if it’s not prominent in their immediate
area. But these groups, too, are often defined, in large part, by their aesthetic.
In these cases, you may not be influenced by the people you see as much as the people you
identify with.
24
Ethnicity
Immediate family and ethnic heritage may also play a role in the way we perceive ourselves.
Often, different ethnic groups will have different sets of beauty standards and cultural
expectations, which could stem from many years of tradition or other deeply-held beliefs.
Some ethnic groups may also put a higher premium on physical beauty, leading to more
comments or heavier criticism from family members.
And research has even indicated that people of different ethnicities experience more pressure
to conform from different sources – e.g. white women feeling more pressure from media
images, and Black women feeling more pressure from peers.
25
The Influence of Media on the
Adolescent's Understanding
Beauty
Presented By: John Carlo Manlig
SOCIAL MEDIA
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The Role of Self-Esteem in Adolescence
Self-Esteem: A person's overall sense of self-worth.
Identity Formation: Helps adolescents build a sense of identity and navigate
social relationships.
Positive Self-Esteem: Leads to resilience, confidence, and better academic
performance.
Negative Self-Esteem: Linked to mental health issues such as depression and
anxiety.
28
Social Media Usage
In particular, the majority of adolescents (59%) admitted
they use smartphone even more frequently than in the past
with a daily use of more than 3 h in 46% of cases.
Adolescents connected Internet alone (59%), consulting
social media, mostly Instagram (72%), TikTok (62%), and
YouTube (58%).
(Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health)
29
Positive effects of Social Media
Connection: Social media helps teens stay
connected with friends and family.
Self-Expression: Platforms like Pinterest and
TikTok offer creative outlets.
Supportive Communities: Online groups can
promote acceptance and belonging.
30
Negative effects of Social Media
Social Comparison: Constant comparisons to
others can lead to low self-esteem.
Cyberbullying: Online harassment harms self-
worth and mental health.
Fear of Missing Out (FOMO): Seeing others' lives
online creates feelings of inadequacy.
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Social Comparison Theory
The Social Comparison Theory, which Leon
Festinger created in 1954, asserts that people
have a natural desire to evaluate themselves
by comparing themselves to others.
32
Social Comparison Theory
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Self-Presentation Theory
Erving Goffman created the Self-Presentation
Theory in 2016 to describe how people
strategically display themselves to others in
an effort to leave certain impressions.
34
Self-Presentation Theory
35
Self-Esteem and
Its Significance
Presented By: Paul Andrei Franco
36
Self - Esteem
The overall evaluation that a person has of himself which
can be positive or negative, high or low. Self esteem is a
measure of the person’s self- worth based on some
personal or social standard. It is a global evaluative
dimension of the self.
It depends on an individual‘s confidence and satisfaction
about his skills and abilities, and it is usually achieved
through experiences of personal success
37
Self - Concept
- Franken Robert
38
Franken Robert
When people know themselves they can maximize outcomes
because they know what they can and cannot do
Our self-esteem is so important to our emotional health that
the feeling of liking and respecting ourself, is the foundation
principle of success and happiness. It is vital for us to feel
fully alive. Self-esteem can play a significant role in our
motivation and success throughout life.
39
Significance of self-esteem in
personality development:
Self-esteem is important for personality
development because it heavily influences people's
choices and decisions. In other words, it serves a
motivational function by making it more or less likely that
people will take care of themselves and
explore their full potential.
40
Significance of self-esteem in
personality development:
Our self-esteem shapes our personality and makes us the
person we become. People with a healthy self-esteem are also
people who are motivated to take care of themselves and to persistently
strive towards the fulfillment of personal goals and aspirations.
41
How self-esteem affects our personality development?
Positive Negative
Assertiveness Self - Destruction
Confidence Depression
Independence Social Anxiety
Responsibleness Fear of Risk
42
Developing
Self-esteem
43
Building a healthy self-esteem:
Family and Consumer Sciences,
Ohio State University
Children will have greater self-esteem if
they feel a sense of ownership and
responsibility for their experiences.
Parenting styles are key determinants in
developing a healthy self-esteem.
Self-esteem can be improved through
proper socialization.
44
“You are what you believe yourself to be”
- Paulo Coelho
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