FLORENCIO L. VARGAS COLLEGE, INC.

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF LOOP ENERGY

THROUGH THE USE OF WATER

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in

Mechanical Engineering Project Study I and II

Researchers:
Bautista, Axel Joshua P.
Estimada, Joan Kate O.

Research Professor:
Engr. Fares G. Corpuz, RME

S.Y. 2023-2024
FLORENCIO L. VARGAS COLLEGE, INC.
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

APPROVAL SHEET
 FLORENCIO L. VARGAS COLLEGE, INC.
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The completion of our study titled "Design and Fabrication of Loop Energy
Through the use of Water" could not have been possible without the participation and
assistance of numerous individuals whose names may not all be enumerated. To our
family, friends, and others who, in various ways, provided support morally,
financially, and physical. Your contributions are sincerely appreciated and gratefully
acknowledged. However, we would like to express our deepest appreciation and
indebtedness particularly to the following:

We extend our gratefulness to our institution, F.L. Vargas College Inc., where
we are currently and continuously growing as Bachelor of Science in Mechanical
Engineering students.

A special thanks to our,,,, , for granting us permission and support to conduct

this research, and for his unwavering guidance and encouragement throughout the
project.

Our sincerest thanks to the members of our organization, FLVC-PSME-SU.

The successful completion of our machine would not have been possible without your
invaluable assistance. Thank you.

And to our families, we express profound gratitude for their unwavering

support, encouragement, and willingness to assist us. We appreciate their patience and
understanding, especially during challenging financial times, and we are inspired by
their boundless love.

Finally, above all, we dedicate this endeavor to our Almighty God, for His
unconditional love, abundant blessings, and the wisdom bestowed upon us each day
of our lives. We are forever grateful for His guidance and the opportunities He has
provided throughout the completion of this project.

The Researchers
 FLORENCIO L. VARGAS COLLEGE, INC.
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

DEDICATION

We dedicate this study wholeheartedly to our families and loved ones, whose
unwavering support and encouragement have been our foundation. To all our
professors at F.L. Vargas College Inc., whose guidance and expertise have shaped our
academic journey. Special thanks to our, for his invaluable support and mentorship.
We also extend our gratitude to our friends and classmates for their companionship
and inspiration. Above all, we dedicate this work to our Almighty God, whose
blessings and guidance have shown us the way forward.

The Researchers
 FLORENCIO L. VARGAS COLLEGE, INC.
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. TITLE PAGE ………………………………………………………i

II. APPROVAL SHEET ………………………………………………ii
III. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT …………………………………………iii
IV. DEDICATION ………………………………………………….… v
V. TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………. vi
CHAPTER I: PROJECT OVERVIEW
A. Introduction …………………………………..……………...…
B. Goal and Objectives of the Study………………………....…..…
C. Significance of the Study………………………………………..
D. Definition of Terms ….……………………………….…..…….
CHAPTER II: PROJECT BACKGROUND
A. Project Name……...…………………………………….….……
B. Project Logo ……………………………………………..….…
C. Project Proponent...……………………………………..…….…
D. Mission…………………………...…………………..……….…
E. Vision……………………………………..………………….….
F. Review of Related Literature and Studies….………..………..…
G. Synthesis….……………………………………...…..………….
CHAPTER III: MARKETING FEASIBILITY
A. Market Description ………………………………………...….
B. Marketing Strategies ………………………..………………......
C. Target Market ………………………………………………......
D. SWOT Analysis ……………………………………...………....
E. Estimated Cost ……………………………..…………….……..
F. Material Need ……………………………………..…...…….....
G. Schematic Diagram ………..…………………….…...………...
H. Procedure ……………………………………..………...….…...
CHAPTER IV: DETAILED ENGINEERING DESIGN
A. Methodology …………………….…………………………….
B. The Design …………………….………………………….……
C. Data Gathering Instrument …………………….………………..
D. Data Gathering Process …………………….……………………
E. Testing …………………….………………………..…………..
F. Findings …………………….…………………………………..
G. Documentation …………………….………………….…….
CHAPTER V: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, and RECOMMENDATION
A. Summary ……………………………....………………...........
B. Conclusion …………………………………………...……….
C. Recommendation ……….……………….…………..…………
CHAPTER VI: APPENDICES
A. A. Curriculum Vitae …….……………….…………..………...
 FLORENCIO L. VARGAS COLLEGE, INC.
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

CHAPTER I
PROJECT OVERVIEW

INTRODUCTION
Fabrication involves creating or designing products by assembling common
components through various methods. A significant obstacle for a nation's progress is
ensuring a consistent power supply. As the country's population continues to expand,
the demand for electricity grows. Electricity plays a crucial role in our daily lives,
powering everything from streetlights to homes, offices, and malls and various
locations. As time passes, our expenses escalate at a higher rate, causing many
people to struggle or be unable to afford electricity bills. Power outages contribute to
our community problems that can potentially leading to additional challenges.

This issue isn't exclusive to large or well-established communities; it also

affects communities that barely have access to electricity, as well as those with
electricity but often experience interruptions. This struggle extends to households
aiming to reduce expenses or those unable to afford their own power supply. The
project study that we are going to conduct focuses on creating a power source that
does not produce any carbon emissions by utilizing a hybrid system. Our study aims
to produce efficient and high-quality power at a low cost.

This design has the potential to result in lower of electricity bills and can be
valuable to others. It centers on harnessing the energy from cycling water and
promote cleaner energy alternatives. We aim to explore how our approach differs
from existing methods already in the market. Through this research, we are
committed to tackling the challenges of associated with accessing electricity.
 FLORENCIO L. VARGAS COLLEGE, INC.
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

The main objective of the project is to develop an affordable and efficient power
source using a hybrid system that harnesses the energy from cycling water.

Specifically, the study aims to:

1. To make affordable and efficient energy accessible to everyone, improving

people's lives.
2. To minimize maintenance costs to reduce electricity bills for households.
3. To enhance the overall quality of life for everyone involved.
4. To provide assistance to households struggling to access electricity.
5. To develop a superior solution compared to existing options in the market.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This research is made with the aim to provide crucial information and knowledge
regarding the chosen topic from the needed expected importance to the individuals/
aspect as follow:

Student and Future Researcher. The result and recommendations of this

study may serve as their reference for their future academic studies and
research.

Community. The rate of electricity was reduced and allow people that
struggles to pay electric bills have access to it also to the community that do
not have access at all can use this power generation to produced energy to be
used.
Households. This may take advantage to them to save money on their electric
bill and support renewable energy or to use the money in more important
matters.
Environment. Since this is ecofriendly, the cause of harming the nature is
nothing because it does not produce any carbon dioxide at all that can harm
our nature compared to other power generation product that produce carbon
emission in producing energy power.
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COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

DEFINITION OF TERMS
In defining the terms crucial to our project, Design and Fabrication of Loop Energy
Through the use of Water, we establish a clear language to facilitate a comprehensive
understanding of the following key concepts.

Power Outage. An interruption in the power supply that affects the flow of
electricity to become distributed.

Design and Fabrication. The action or process of manufacturing or inventing

something.

Renewable Energy. It is considered also a clean energy that comes from a

process which is a natural source that was constant.

Eco-friendly. It is a product or services that are not harmful to our

environment or earth.

Remote Areas. The communities that are far from the city and difficult to
have a power supply.

Hybrid System. A system that combines different elements to work together,

in this context, combining various components to create an efficient power
source.

Carbon Emissions. The release of carbon compounds into the atmosphere,

often associated with the burning of fossil fuels. In this study, the focus is on
creating a power source without such emissions.

Sustainability. The ability to maintain or support something over the long

term, in this context, sustaining a power source without significant
environmental impact.

Power Generation. The process of producing electrical energy from a source,

in this study, the aim is to generate power through a water-based system.
 FLORENCIO L. VARGAS COLLEGE, INC.
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

CHAPTER II
PROJECT BACKGROUND

PROJECT NAME

The propose invention will be Design and Fabrication of Loop Energy Through
The use Of Water. Derives from an old invention that has been modified, upgraded,
and improved to become modern one.

The Dodong’s works is (what machine it is). Dodong’s is derived from my nickname
which is known more than my given name. A bulb represent that I conclude an idea to
design and fabricate a machine that will helps a lot of people and poor like us. From
my naughtiness just like the person in the logo I made an idea making a free energy
product that will be used in the future.

In this part, I put the soon to be logo and name of the company for my proposed
project. This logo represent the three (3) components of my propose project invention.
First is the naughty man like me which my goal is to help a lot of people. Second is
the bulb that acts as I made an idea, and lastly is the electrical wire which is one of my
components because I’m making electricity.

-Baustista, Axel Joshua P.

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PROJECT PROPONENT

The proponents of this project study are Bautista, Axel Joshua P. and Estimada
Joan Kate O. As students of F.L. Vargas College pursuing a Bachelor of Science in
Mechanical Engineering, this project study is also a crucial component of our
academic curriculum. Our main goal is to assist communities that lack electricity,
especially those in remote or economically challenged areas. Additionally, we're
targeting individuals who are interested in conserving energy and cutting costs for
various needs. By doing this, not only do we aim to offer practical solutions, but we
also strive to make a positive impact on the environment by minimizing pollution and
promoting sustainable practices.

MISSION

To produce eco-friendly free power energy that can be used during the power
outage. To decrease paid amount of electricity bills and it is affordable more than
generator for residential building and small business out there.

VISSION

When time passes by there will be hundreds of thousands feedback to the invention,
although the goal is the same which is to give free and efficient energy power. It
Come up with a solution to upgrade the system to produce greater good.
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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents the related literature and related studies; it gives information to
the readers on how the proponents conceptualize this study. Unpublished materials
and articles from the internet were analyzed to get insights for the conceptualized of
the study.

FOREIGN LITERATURE
Franco W, Ferraresi C, Revelli R. (2019). Functional Analysis of Piedmont (Italy)
Ancient Water Mills Aimed at Their Recovery or Reconversion. Machines.
https://doi.org/10.3390/machines7020032. Date accessed December 2023. Since ancient
times and for hundreds of years, grain mills, hammers, sawmills, spinning mills, and
hemp rollers have been powered by water wheels. In the nineteenth century there
were hundreds of thousands of mills in all of Europe. It is an enormous historical and
cultural heritage of inestimable value, which is for the most part, abandoned today.
Recently, there is a renewed interest in their reuse, both for their widespread diffusion
in the territory and for the excellent environmental integration and intrinsic
sustainability. Even 00when, for economic reasons, their recovery for the original
tasks is not suitable, the conversion into mini plants for the production of electricity
can be advantageous. In the paper, analyzing some typical examples of the old water
mill of the Piemonte region, in North-West of Italy, the mechanical architecture of old
water mill, from water wheels to millstones, is described and the functional details of
various mechanisms are provided. In fact, by knowing only the specifics of the
ancient mills, it is possible to enhance their potential and restore them from the
perspective of a renewed high quality production, or reconvert them in mini-plants for
the production of electricity.

LOCAL LITERATURE

C. Pacaldo, Jonathan et al. (March 2022). Performance Analysis of a Hybrid

Diesel – Renewable Energy (RE) Electrical System in Cuyo Island, Palawan,
Philippines. https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijarei/article/view/17417. Date
accessed December 2023. A Remote island communities are mostly energized by
diesel generation. Although fossil fuel provides on-demand power, its application on
these type of islands has its drawback in terms of operations and logistics. Today,
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Renewable Energy technologies is becoming cost-competitive with fossil fuels and

can be deployed on large scales. For these islands community’s power demand,
renewable energy is an option, but unfortunately, it cannot cover the demands at all
times. In such cases, a hybrid energy system is recommended. This study, focused on
the performance analysis of different combinations of Diesel – RE hybrid system in
terms of the lowest cost of energy, renewable energy fraction, and carbon emission
reduction. The analysis has been performed using HOMER Pro, in which for a Diesel
– RE hybrid system in Cuyo Island, the most suitable is the Diesel/Wind Hybrid
Electrical System, which gives the lowest cost of energy of about $0.113/kWh,
renewable energy fraction of about 72.8% and emission reduction of 71.8%. This
system can support additional future load as much as 88.6% of the existing load
demand and has a significant impact on mitigating carbon footprint. Wind Turbine
and Solar PV array’s Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) are $ 0.029/kWh and $
0.053/kWh respectively. With a 40-year wave hind cast data from MetOceanView,
Wave Energy Converter (WEC) performance was also assessed using the Hydro
module of Homer Pro Software. Assessment has been made with single and multi –
WEC combined with diesel and other RE’s. Results show that the LCOE for WEC is
about $0.66/kWh, which is within the range of $0.20 - $0.90/kWh levelized cost for
wave energy at present. With the continues evolution of RE Technologies and cost –
competitiveness is becoming less of an issue, electrifying isolated island communities
through hybrid electrical system will be more feasible in the future.

FOREIGN STUDIES

Hameed, Jamal Saeed, Amer Rajab, Mugdad. (2019). Design and Analysis of
Hydroelectric Generation using Waterwheel. Date accessed December 2023.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332593797_Design_and_Analysis_of_Hydr
oelectric_Generation_using_Waterwheel. This research gives an idea about the
effective use of water wheels in a river flow, which gives power generation with low
cost. It also describes the working principle, design and calculations, applications and
challenges along with future scope of using waterwheel. Nowadays, generated
hydropower from waterwheel is one of the cheapest ways to produce electricity.
Hydropower can be implemented in the developing nation like Iraq to supply
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domestic electricity to cover the increased demand for electricity due to the increase
in population. The modern water wheels are made from steel which have many
functions as a new technology, promising no harmful effects on the environment. In
this paper, those modern water wheels will be used to produce the electricity through
attaching the waterwheel to a generator with help of a belt and pulley arrangement, so
the electrical energy is resulted from mechanical energy. The full bridge rectifier is
used to transmit electricity in its most efficient form i.e. from direct current into pure
direct current while the regulator is used to regulate the current, and the battery helps
to store it.

LOCAL STUDIES

Ortiz Osornio, L. J. (2022). Implementation and usage of low-cost turbines for

power generation in water networks. https://cornerstone.lib.mnsu.edu/etds/1181/
.Date accessed December 2023. The following APP is part of an investigation and
development, carried out to design, and implement a hydroelectric turbine of
horizontal axis, in order to generate electrical energy in rural areas, utilizing existing
infrastructure or natural waterways such as irrigation canals, piping, rivers and
streams. Every industrialized country, as well as, most of the developing nations, have
a stake in agriculture and thus access to the infrastructure required for irrigation
purposes. Artificial irrigation canals offer advantages such as a clean continuous flow,
with the possibility of flow regulation: this together with their vast availability as
agricultural infrastructure constitute the main motivation for the application sought
with the results of this APP. It is thus established that the problem at hand is selecting
an appropriate design in order to overcome some of the needs of rural populations and
an effort to promote the use of renewable energies in order to lower cost in electrical
bills as well as a reduction in carbon emissions produced by conventional power
plants. Among the availability of different sources on turbines, the horizontal axis
turbines types were selected. This type of turbine is relevant to the geometric and
hydraulic characteristics and challenges of irrigation canals, as well as its easy
construction and transport. The work methodology used is aimed at describing the
geometric and hydraulic characteristics of irrigation canals, the engineering principles
that govern the operation of hydraulic turbines and the fundamental characteristics of
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energy conversion to the generation of electrical energy. In the prototype design

process, the main variables, hydraulic dimensioning, selection of geometric
parameters and mechanical principles are identified. The prototype has the main
purpose as test equipment for purposes of measurement and evaluation of design and
operation parameters. The most important manufacturing procedures are highlighted,
taking into account locally available materials and manufacturing facilities. In the
same way, test results carried out are shown with discussions, conclusions and
recommendations for improvements.

SYNTHESIS

The literature and studies helped the researchers how to design the Loop Energy
Through the use of Water to make it simple and affordable to the consumers. Also the
proponents believe that every literature and study started in this research is similar to
the study. The proponents relate the differentiation of the analysis based on the
different existing from the proposed research. Fabrication and Design of Loop Energy
Through the use of Water helps to reduce electricity bills, enhance access to
underserved communities, and promote eco-friendly energy solutions.
 FLORENCIO L. VARGAS COLLEGE, INC.
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Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

CHAPTER III
MARKETING FEASIBILITY

This chapter provide information in marketing feasibility through the conducted

research project Marketing Strategies, 4P’s (Product: Product Description, Price,
Place and Promotion), Target Market, SWOT Analysis and Cost Estimate.

MARKET DESCRIPTION

In this part of the study it focuses on how the proposed study will go to the market.
Study on what are the target market consumers that going to buy the product if
released to the market. Also to identify its nature when it is being released to the
market.

MARKETING STRATEGY

The four Ps of marketing are:

Product. A Dodong’s work is a Design and Fabrication of Loop Energy Through the

use of Water that can help not just only on remote areas but also to our agriculture

farmer. The packing will be metal open box design.

Price. Its price will come up to expenses and labor but it is affordable price. In

launching this product it will have 20% discount to our customer and it can be

installment.

Place. This product will launch near to the target customers on remote areas and in

place that has a lot of power outage. This product will have its own store and it can

distribute to other seller.

Promotion. The production of Dodong’s work will be on internet, TV commercial

and giving flyers to our target customer.

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TARGET MARKET

In this section of the study is for consumers good. This is especially for the consumers
that are prone to calamities that need immediate access for an emergency and for the
consumers which are from a remote areas or often experience power interruption, also
to the consumers that want to lower their bills.

SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTHS
Low Cost:
 Lower bills contribute significantly to financial savings.
 Minimal maintenance costs provide economic advantages.
 Materials are readily available in the market, ensuring easy production.
User-Friendly:
 The machine is designed to assist a wide range of users effectively.
WEAKNESSES
Maintenance Sensitivity:
 All machines require regular maintenance; neglect may lead to breakdowns.
Initial Investment:
 Building the power source can be initially expensive; however, long-term
savings should be considered against this cost.
OPPORTUNITIES
Innovation:
 Developing a new design for the power source presents a market opportunity.
Continuous Improvement:
 Opportunities lie in enhancing the machine's performance, aligning with
evolving consumer needs and behaviors.
Market Expansion:
 Exploring new markets or demographics can open avenues for increased sales
and growth.
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THREATS
Solar Electric Power:
 The ongoing use of solar electric power poses a competitive threat.
Increasing Competition:
 The market may experience an influx of competitors, impacting the product's
market share.
Regulatory Changes:
 Changes in regulations or policies may pose challenges to the product's market
viability.
Technological Advancements:
 Rapid technological advancements may render the current design obsolete,
necessitating continuous innovation.

SWOT ANALYSIS OF EXISTING

STRENGTHS

Market Presence:

 Valuable presence already established in the market.

Brand Recognition:

 The product name is already well-known.

WEAKNESSES

 High Cost
 The product is relatively expensive.

Capital Intensive:

 Requires a substantial initial investment.

Maintenance Costs:

 High ongoing maintenance costs.

Limited Accessibility:

 Geared towards a niche market, not accessible to ordinary people.

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OPPORTUNITIES

Market Stability:

 Capitalizing on an existing market presence.

Addressing Needs:

 Identifying and meeting the evolving needs of consumers.

THREATS

Emerging Competitors:

 Low-cost power sources in the market pose a threat.

Price Competition:

 The rise of more affordable alternatives.

Durability Concerns:

 Threats from durable alternatives that may impact market share.

Changing Consumer Preferences:

 Shifting consumer preferences towards more cost-effective options.

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CONCLUSION

The product work is affordable The existing product is already

compare to the existing product. known in the market.

They have both opportunities in

the market but it is more
Increase of competitors.
affordable in the market.

In summary, our proposed project has key advantages like being low-cost and user-

friendly, addressing the weaknesses identified in the existing product. We recognize

the challenges faced by the current product, such as high costs and limited

accessibility. Our project aims to stand out by providing an affordable and accessible

solution, focusing on innovation and consumer needs. Through strategic planning, we

aim to position ourselves as a valuable option in the power source market, catering to

a wider audience.
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ESTIMATED COST

In this part it provides the estimated total expenses of the project.

Pieces Name Unit Price Total Price

4 Ball Bearing 75 300
2 Gallon 125 250
2 Dynamo 1000 2000
2 Shafting 150 300
2 Flywheel 200 400
2 Sprocket 200 400
2 Chain 150 300
1 Inverter 3000 3000
1 Battery 4000 4000
1 Water pump 1000 1000
1 Angular bar 700 700
5 Cutting Disc 30 150
1kg Welding Rod 100 100
Miscellaneous 3000
Total: 15,900

MATERIALS NEED
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This section will detail the necessary materials, accompanied by figures or images,
highlighting their specific uses.

Ball Bearing. The ball bearing will hold the shafting and reduce the friction.

Gallon. It will use to store and hold the water.

Dynamo/Generator/Battery Charger. This material will charge the battery while it

is running.
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Shafting Metal. The material that will hold the water wheel, flywheel, and sprocket
to rotate.

Fabrication of Flywheel. This material will be responsible for the stable rotation of
shafting and waterwheel.

Fabrication of Water Wheel. The running water will flow down through the water
wheel to rotate.
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Sprocket. This material will be the one responsible for transferring the energy that
comes from the waterwheel to generator.

Chain. This material will connect or transfer the energy that comes from the sprocket
and rotate the generator.

Inverter. This material will convert DC energy to AC energy to produce electricity.

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Battery. It will store energy and provide energy in the inverter.

Water Pump. To elevate water from downstairs to upstairs.

Angle Grinder Cutting Disc. To cut metals and other materials.

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6013 Welding Rod. To connect metals and needed to build the frame.

Angular Bar. It will use for the frame and hold the materials, dynamo and others.
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SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Water Pump Water Wheel 1 Battery Charger 1

Water Wheel 2Battery Charger 2 Battery Inverter

PROCEDURE

1. The battery will start the water pump to elevate the water.
2. The water will flow to water wheel 1 to rotate.
3. Water Wheel 1 will rotate the shafting to rotate the sprocket and turn the
dynamo to charge the battery.
4. The water that comes from water wheel 1 will go down to rotate water wheel 2
and the Water Wheel 2 will rotate the shafting to rotate the sprocket and turn
the dynamo to charge the battery.
5. The water that comes from water wheel 2 will go to water pump and the water
pump will sip the water to elevate again.
6. The process will repeat.
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CHAPTER IV
DETAILED ENGINEERING DESIGN

METHODOLOGY

This chapter shows the different research methods used to create data in this

study that includes materials that has been used in creating the concept and design,

research locale and also the data gathering procedure. Those information can support

that our study will work.

THE DESIGN
The researchers decided to use the Descriptive Method to make the study more
convenient and efficient. Descriptive methods involve collecting data to test
hypotheses or answer questions concerning the current state of the subject of the
study. The researchers used a survey questionnaire as a research instrument, focusing
on the "Design and Fabrication of Loop Energy Through the use of Water" project.
Each item in the survey questionnaire may be rated according to 5 levels chosen by
the respondents. Using this research instrument helps us determine the related
problems about the existing loop energy system utilizing water.

DATA GATHERING INSTRUMENT

Our data gathering tool is a key player in shaping the Design and Fabrication
of Loop Energy Through the use of Water project. It combines online research,
brainstorming sessions, and market analysis to collect crucial insights. This tool helps
refine our project, ensuring it meets industry needs and addresses energy challenges in
communities. This data gathering instrument is instrumental in shaping the innovative
and eco-friendly aspects of our water-based loop energy system.
 FLORENCIO L. VARGAS COLLEGE, INC.
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

Internet. For our project on the Design and Fabrication of Loop Energy Through the
use of Water, the internet played a crucial role in data collection. It served as a
valuable resource, providing access to global information related to our study on
developing an efficient and eco-friendly water-based loop energy system. The internet
enabled the retrieval of essential materials and insights from past research studies and
articles related to water-based energy systems.

Brainstorming. In the pursuit of innovative ideas and effective solutions for our
project, the brainstorming method was employed. This creative approach facilitated
the generation of diverse ideas crucial for the successful development and
implementation of the water-based loop energy system. The collaborative nature of
brainstorming allowed for the exploration of various perspectives, contributing to the
overall richness and depth of our study.

Survey. The researcher designed a survey questionnaire for the data gathering
process. In contrast with interviews, the enumerator possesses questions directly, and
questionnaires refer to forms filled in by the respondents alone. The primary aim of
the survey is to determine the awareness, understanding, participation, and
perspective views of the respondent online.

The survey consists of two parts. Part I, deals with the respondent’s

information that includes name, age, gender, and civil status while Part II, contained

three parts: which identified the awareness, understanding and perception of the

respondents towards the research study.

 FLORENCIO L. VARGAS COLLEGE, INC.
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

DATA GATHERING PROCESS

Every proponent is encouraged to think and suggest ideas about the flow and
design of this system project. Before conducting an online survey, we meticulously
drafted a questionnaire to ensure that we gather relevant and comprehensive data
pertaining to our research topic. The questionnaire was designed to cover various
aspects of loop energy design and fabrication, including potential challenges,
preferences, and suggestions for improvement. Additionally, we conducted a pilot test
of the questionnaire to identify any ambiguities or issues and made necessary
revisions to ensure clarity and effectiveness. Finally, after finalizing the questionnaire,
we proceeded to distribute it via the online platform, ensuring accessibility to a wide
audience for valuable insights and feedback.

After administering and obtaining the completed questionnaire, the data were
classified, organized, and statistically analyzed. To eliminate the risk of developing a
biased interpretation from the respondents, the researcher used the following
statistical technique:

1. Percentage (%)

This formula was used in getting the profile of the respondents which includes

age, gender, civil status and highest educational attainment.

The formula for Percentage is as follows:

𝑃= 𝑥 100
f
n

Where: f = frequency

n = number of respondents

100 = constant

P = percentage (%)
 FLORENCIO L. VARGAS COLLEGE, INC.
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

2. Weighted Mean:

This measures the central tendency to provide the average rating of the

respondents for a certain criterion or item in the research instrument. Weighted mean

is obtained by getting the sum of the product of the ratings and the frequency divided

by the number of respondents.

The formula is as follows:

x̄ = 𝛴
fx
n

Where: x̅ = mean

Σfx = summation of the product of the rating and the frequency

n = number of respondents

The equivalent point assigned to each item indicated the extent of existence of

the conditions as perceived by the respondents was determined by estimating each

weighted average, which became the verbal descriptions.

WEIGHTED MEAN SCALE DESCRIPTIVE

INTERPRETATION

4.50 – 5.00 5 Strongly Agree

3.50 – 4.49 4 Agree

2.50 – 3.49 3 Neutral

1.50 – 2.49 2 Disagree

1.00 – 1.49 1 Strongly Disagree

 FLORENCIO L. VARGAS COLLEGE, INC.
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

TESTING

FINDINGS

DOCUMENTATION
 FLORENCIO L. VARGAS COLLEGE, INC.
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, and RECOMMENDATION

This chapter included the summary, conclusions and recommendations from an evaluation

study of Design and Fabrication of Loop Energy Through the use of Water.

SUMMARY

Our study investigates the feasibility and benefits of implementing this loop energy

system, including its potential to maximize production efficiency while minimizing

environmental impact. By conducting surveys and analyzing responses, we assess the

readiness and willingness of individuals to adopt. We aim to create an efficient and

environmentally friendly method of generating electricity. One of the key benefits of

our loop energy system is the potential for significantly lowered electricity bills for

users, as it provides a cost-effective alternative to traditional energy sources.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, our project demonstrates the potential of using water for loop energy.

People are interested, and implementing this technology can boost production

efficiency and benefit the environment. With ongoing improvements and awareness,

we can make this technology even more effective.

RECOMMENDATION

Based on our study on the "Design and Fabrication of Loop Energy Through the use

of Water," here are some simple recommendations:

Implement the Device. Since most people showed interest in the loop energy system,

we suggest moving forward with building and using it. This can help maximize

production efficiency, which aligns with what people want.

 FLORENCIO L. VARGAS COLLEGE, INC.
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

Keep Improving. It's important to keep making the system better. Future researchers

should work on making it more efficient and effective. There are many ways to do

this, so exploring different ideas is key. The concept can still be extended or enhanced

in the future by adding more features

Spread the Word. To get more people on board with using the loop energy system,

we recommend spreading awareness about its benefits. Education initiatives can help

people understand how it works and why it's beneficial, leading to more widespread

use.

By following these recommendations, we can make sure the loop energy system is as

useful and accessible as possible, benefiting both users and the environment.
FLORENCIO L. VARGAS COLLEGE, INC.
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Bagay Rd., Caritan Centro, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

CHAPTER VI
CURRICULUM VITAE