THE FILM MAKING PROCESS INCLUDES THREE STAGES:
The 3 Stages of Filmmaking
1. Pre-production
Plan and prepare everything before filming. Write the script, storyboard, cast
actors, find locations, gather props, and schedule filming. MAKE A
STORYBOARD AND WRITE THE SCRIPT.
2. Production
Film the scenes. Set up equipment, direct actors, record video and audio, and
review footage to ensure quality.
3. Post-production:
Edit the film. Arrange clips, add sound and music, adjust colors, and include
titles and credits.
CLIPCHAMP
Example Storyboard
| Shot # | Scene Description | Shot Type &
Angle | Notes
|--------|-----------------------------|---------------------------|------------------------------------|
|1 | A girl sits on a park bench, looking at her phone. | Medium shot, eye-
level. | Include background noise of birds and distant chatter. |
|2 | A boy walks past and accidentally drops his book. | Wide shot, eye-
level. | Show the book falling to the ground. |
|3 | The girl picks up the book and calls after the boy. | Close-up of the
girl. | Her voice is friendly and curious. |
|4 | The boy turns and smiles. He walks back to the girl. | Over-the-shoulder
shot from behind the boy. | Keep the focus on the girl holding the book. |
|5 | They start talking and laughing as they sit on the bench together. | Two-
shot, slightly high angle. | Add soft background music for a friendly tone. |
Example Script
Title: The Lost Book
Scene 1: Park - Afternoon
(Sound of birds chirping and distant laughter.)
[Medium shot]
A girl (SARA, 16) is sitting on a park bench, scrolling through her phone.
SARA
(to herself)
Hmm… So many messages today.
[Wide shot]
A boy (JAMES, 17) walks past, carrying a book. He accidentally drops it and
doesn’t notice.
[Close-up]
Sara notices the book and picks it up.
SARA
Hey! Wait! You dropped this!
Scene 2: Park Bench
(Soft music begins to play in the background.)
[Over-the-shoulder shot]
James turns around and smiles. He walks back to Sara.
JAMES
Oh, thank you! I didn’t even realize.
[Two-shot]
Sara and James sit on the bench together.
SARA
It’s a really nice book. Are you a big reader?
JAMES
Yeah, I love stories. What about you?
SARA
Me too! What’s your favorite book?
(They continue talking and laughing as the camera slowly zooms out.)
Fade out.
(The screen displays the text: “Sometimes, a small moment can lead to a great
story.”)
Instructions:
1. Storyboard:
- Divide your storyboard into scenes or shots.
- Draw simple sketches to represent each scene. Stick figures are fine!
- Add descriptions for the action, shot type, and any important details (e.g.,
sound effects, music).
2. Script:
- Write the dialogue, scene descriptions, and camera directions.
- Keep sentences simple and focus on making the story clear.
- Include details about sound and mood.
Important Tips for Filming
1. Control Background Noise
- Choose a quiet location to avoid unwanted sounds (e.g., traffic, wind, people
talking in the background).
- Use a microphone or record dialogue separately if possible.
2. Check the Lighting
- Make sure the location has enough light for the camera to capture clear
images.
- Avoid harsh shadows by using natural light or adding soft artificial lighting.
- Test different angles to see how light affects the scene.
3. Copyright-Free Music and Sounds
- Use royalty-free music and sound effects from websites like **YouTube Audio
Library**, **Free Music Archive**, or **Epidemic Sound**.
- Avoid using songs or sounds you don’t have permission to use, as this could
disqualify your film.
YOUTUBE STUDIO (BIBLIOTECA AUDIO) – INTEF banco de sonidos sin
derechos
4. Plan for Retakes
- Always review your footage to make sure the sound and lighting are good.
- Don’t hesitate to reshoot if something didn’t go as planned.
5. Keep the Camera Steady
- Use a tripod if possible, or place the camera on a stable surface.
- Avoid shaking the camera, as it can make the video hard to watch.
Types of Shots (Planos)
- Close-up (Primer plano):** Focus on the face or a specific detail.
-Medium shot (Plano medio):** Shows the person from the waist up.
- Wide shot (Plano general):** Shows the full body and the surroundings.
- Extreme close-up (Primerísimo plano):** Focus on a very small detail (e.g., an
eye).
- Extreme wide shot (Gran plano general):** Shows a large area, often for
landscapes.
---
Camera Angles (Ángulos de cámara)
- Eye level (A nivel de los ojos):** Neutral perspective, natural view.
- High angle (Ángulo picado):** Camera looks down, making the subject look
smaller or weaker.
- Low angle (Ángulo contrapicado):** Camera looks up, making the subject look
bigger or powerful.
- Over-the-shoulder (Sobre el hombro):** View from behind a character’s shoulder.
- Bird's-eye view (Vista cenital):** Directly from above, looking straight down.
---
Camera Movements (Movimientos de cámara)
- Pan (Paneo):** Camera moves side to side (horizontally).
- Tilt (Inclinación):** Camera moves up and down (vertically).
- Zoom:** The lens moves closer or farther from the subject.
- Tracking/Dolly (Travelling):** The camera moves with the subject (forward,
backward, or sideways).
- Handheld (Cámara en mano):** The camera is held by hand for a natural, shaky
effect.
