COLOR THEORY “Lec 2”
DR.SHAYMA QURA
Temperature in colour theory wheel
The color wheel can also be divided into warm and cool colors. The
warmth or coolness of a color is also known as its color temperature.
The color combinations found on a color wheel often have a balance
of warm and cool colors. According to color psychology, different
color temperatures evoke different feelings. For example, warm
colors are said to bring to mind coziness and energy, while cool color
are said to bring to mind cool and relaxing
The warm colours are Red, Yellow and Orange and are present on
the left side of the typical colour wheel diagram, the cool colours are
Green, Purple and Blue, and are present on the right side of a typical
colour wheel diagram, as seen here.
Warm Colors
Warm colors include red, orange, and yellow, and variations of those
three colors. These are the colors of fire, of fall leaves, and of sunsets
and sunrises, and are generally energizing, passionate, and positive.
Red and yellow are both primary colors, with orange falling in the
middle (making it a secondary color), which means warm colors are all
truly warm and aren’t created by combining a warm color with a cool
color. Use warm colors in your designs to reflect passion, happiness,
enthusiasm, and energy
Cool Colors
Cool colors include green, blue, and purple, are often more subdued
than warm colors. They are the colors of night, of water, of nature, and
are usually calming, relaxing.
Blue is the only primary color within the cool spectrum, which means
the other colors are created by combining blue with a warm color
(yellow for green and red for purple).
Because of this, green takes on some of the attributes of yellow, and
purple takes on some of the attributes of red. Use cool colors in your
designs to give a sense of calm or relaxing
Hue
A hue is basically any color on the color wheel. When you are using a
color wheel or a color picker, you can adjust the saturation and
luminance of a hue.
Chroma
Chroma refers to the purity of a color. A hue with high chroma has no
black, white, or gray added to it. Conversely, adding white, black, or gray
reduces its chroma.
In design, avoid using similar hues. instead for hues with chromas that
are either exactly the same or at least a few steps away from each other.
Shades, tints and tones
You can create shades, tints and tones of a color by adding black, grey
and white to a base hue.
Shades
A shade is created when black is added to a hue, making it darker. The
word is often incorrectly used to describe tint or tone, but technically
shade only applies to hues made darker by the addition of black.
Tints
A tint is formed when white is added to a hue, lightening it. Very light
tints are sometimes called pastels, but any pure hue with white added
to it is technically a tint, even if the color is still quite bright.
Tints are often used to create lighter designs. Pastel tints are especially
used to make designs more feminine, They also work well in vintage
designs and are popular on websites.
Tones
Tones are created when gray is added to a hue. Tones are generally
softer-looking than pure hues.
Tones are sometimes easier to use in designs. More gray can lend a
certain vintage feel to designs. Depending on the hues, they can also
add elegant look
WHY SHADES, TONES, AND TINTS ARE IMPORTANT
AS YOU CAN SEE FROM THE COLOR WHEEL, USING TINTS, TONES, AND
SHADES IN YOUR COLOR SCHEMES IS VITAL. PURE HUES ALL HAVE SIMILAR
VALUES AND SATURATION LEVELS. THIS LEADS TO A COLOR SCHEME THAT
IS BORING .
WHEN YOU MIX IN TONES, SHADES, AND TINTS, YOU EXPAND THE BASIC
12-SPOKE COLOR WHEEL INTO AN INFINITE NUMBER OF COLORS FOR USE
IN YOUR DESIGNS.
Value
Value could also be called “lightness.” It refers to how light or dark a
color is. Lighter colors have higher values. For example, orange has a
higher value than navy blue or dark purple. Black has the lowest value of
any hue, and white the highest.
When applying color values to your designs, favor colors with different
values, especially ones with high chroma. High contrast values generally
result in more aesthetic designs.
Conclusion
• Hue is color (blue, green, red, etc.).
• Chroma is the purity of a color (a high chroma has no added black,
white or gray).
• Tones are created by adding gray to a color, making it duller than the
original.
• Shades are created by adding black to a color, making it darker than
the original.
• Tints are created by adding white to a color, making it lighter than the
original.
• Value refers to how light or dark a color is (light having a high value).
Who Was Albert Munsell?
Albert Munsell was an artist and professor. At Massachusetts Normal
Art School, he taught students about color composition. In 1905, he
published A Color Notation, which outlined his color theory. He went on
to publish Atlas of the Color Solid and The Munsell Book of Color, both
of which elaborated on his system of color.
Munsell's theory is an important system in colorimetry, and it is used by
many disciplines including art, design, science, and more.
His color theory defines colors based on three factors: hue, value,
and chroma.
Albert Munsell's Color Theory
The system can be drawn like a cylinder that has circles that ripple
outward at various degree measurements.
Vertical and horizontal axes exist on the three-dimensional cylinder.
The cylinder is made up of horizontal circles that represent the hues.
Chroma is represented radially from the center of the color model
outward.
Lastly, value is measured on the vertical axis from light to dark.
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Thank you …
