ARTS 10 - Ms. Katrina Carla A.

Bituin

Modern Art
GRADE 10 FIRST QUARTER

Modern Art Impression, The Sunrise (Claude Monet)

Painted in 1872,
Modern Art includes artistic work produced
this light and
during the period extending roughly from the 1860s to
airy landscape
1970s, and denotes the style & philosophy of the art
painting was first shown
produced during that era.
at what would become
Modern Art coincides with the modern era—an known as the Exhibition of
artistic period in visual art, music theater, and the Impressionists in Paris
literature . It is more on self-expression, strategy, in April 1874.
designs and technicalities of the artist.
Numerous art movements were born Two Sisters on the Terrace (Pierre-Auguste Renoir)
throughout the history of mankind to serve better the
It is an oil on canvas
need for expression. Art traveled through the waves of
work which Renoir painted in
time from the walls of the very first pyramid to the
April 1881. It was first
confinements of the Parisian art galleries and to the
purchased July 7th 1881 for
desktop of a personal computer
1500 Francs by art dealer
Paul Durand-Ruel. In 1925
>>Art Movement the painting was bought by
Annie S. Coburn, at her death
Art movement is a tendency or style in art with the artwork was bequeathed
specific common philosophy or goal, followed by a to the Art Institute of Chicago
group of artists during a restricted period of time, where it has been housed
(usually a few months, years or decades) or, at least, with since 1933.
the heyday of the movement defined within a number of
years. The Dance Class (Edgar Degas)

It introduces new techniques, methods, Degas painted The

materials, and new themes to produce art in their own Ballet Class for the French
way. opera singer and art
collector Jean-Baptiste
Faure (1830-1914). It was
completed two years after
Impressionism and Expressionism the Foyer de la Dance, and
it shows Degas' evolution
>>IMPRESSIONISM<<
towards Impressionism.
An art style that tries to capture an impression of what
the artist’s eyes see at a given moment.
The Hyde Park in London (Camille Pissaro)
In 1860, a group of artists in Paris decided to
Camille Pissaro is
break away from tradition, and they created a new kind
the master Impressionist
of art. They were not popular because they had a new
woman painter. She is
and different approach to painting. In impressionism,
famous for her powerful
freely brushed stroke were more important than
portrayals of women and
lines and forms.
feminine landscapes. This
The impressionists aimed to capture the painting captures a scene
momentary sensory effect of a scene—the impression at the Hyde Park in
of an object made on the eye in a fleeting instant. London. It features a line
Paintings by the impressionists became some of trees with a crowd of
of the most popular artworks of all time, perhaps people under their
because their subject were pleasing and shades. There are also a
uncomplicated. few people on the streets. The natural play of light
captured in the painting testifies to the Impressionist
>>Key Artists (Foreign) genus of Pissaro.
• Claude Monet >>Key Artists (Local)
• Pierre-Auguste Renoir Felix Resurrecion Hidalgo— He was famous not only
• Edgar Degas for his paintings, but also for his association with Jose
Rizal and other members of the Philippine reform
• Camille Pissaro movement.

St. Francis High School—Learning Module 1

 ARTS 10 - Ms. Katrina Carla A. Bituin

The expressionists sought to express their

feelings about what they saw while the impressionist
sought only to produce nature and the effects of
sunlight.
Vincent Van Gogh - a Dutch artist, recorded his
thoughts, feelings, and mental state in his paintings.
The Starry Night is one of the best examples of
expressionism.

(The Christian Virgins Exposed to the Populace & El Violinista)

Fernando Amorsolo—was an impressionist painter

known for his portrayal of ideal Filipina beauty and the
splendor of the Philippine landscape. The moods of his
paintings were often cheerful, nostalgic, and
picturesque. He became a crowd favorite because of his
The Starry Night is one of the most well-known
notable works. (Maiden in a Stream, Planting Rice,
paintings in the world. It is believed that the painting
Sunday Morning Going to Town) has showcased the scenery that could be seen from the
windows of Gogh during his confinement in a mental
institution. The different images contain different
symbolism but the most famous interpretation is that
the painting depicts the bridge between life and death.
The painting also contains, Venus, the morning star.
Victorio Edades— a Filipino artist who came closest to
the expressionistic style of art during the early parts of
the 20th century. He received his art education in the
United States, and when he
came back, he presented his
modern ideas.

>>EXPRESSIONISM<<
They worked more with their imagination and
feelings rather than what their eyes see in the
physical. (The Builders and The
Sketch)
Expressionism originated in Germany at the
beginning of the 20th century. This style of art was
charged with an emotional and spiritual vison of the Cubism and Dadaism
world and a reaction to the dehumanizing effect of >>CUBISM<<
industrialization.
It derived its name from the cube, a three-
The artists sought to arouse an emotional dimensional geometric figure composed of strictly
response other subjects, such as alienated individuals measured lines, planes, and angles.
in an urban environment.
In 1907, two artists, Pablo Picasso and
The best artwork that Georges Braque, developed a new method of depicting
captured this style was The the visual world. They were not interested in realistic
Scream painted by the portrayals of objects. Instead, they use a system in
Norwegian artists Edvard which the objects were broken up and reorganized
Munch. to show different angles or viewpoints.
The Scream was one of Les Desmoiselles d’Avignon (The Ladies of Avignon)
the most famous paintings of all (Pablo Picasso)
times. The paintings was said to
have reflected the mental This painting, Les
torment of Munch. It was known Demoiselles d'Avignon, was
for its three main areas: the bridge, the landscape, and painted in 1907 and is the
the three people, two faceless men, and a screaming most famous example of
figure. cubism painting. In this
painting, Picasso abandoned
Expressionism was an intensely personal art all known form and
form. The artist aimed to convey his personal feelings representation of traditional
about the objects rather than merely recording them art. He used distortion of
accurately. For an expressionist, the message of the female's body and
art was the most important. geometric forms in an innovative way, which challenge
St. Francis High School—Learning Module 2
 ARTS 10 - Ms. Katrina Carla A. Bituin

the expectation that paintings will offer idealized

representations of female beauty.
Violin and Palette (Georges Braque)
In Violin and Palette,
1909 Georges Braque
fragmentalized the objects in
the painting into pieces, which
are then meshed into the
background. Viewers thus see
fragments of the objects in the Bicycle Wheel Love Parade
picture that seem broken
amidst other pieces of the
painting, as if hidden in a
jigsaw puzzle.

Picasso and Braque significantly contributed to

the development of cubism.
>>Key Artists (Local)
• Juan Gris Human Equations

• Fernand Leger The Movement was short-lived, but its influence

still lingers in the works of some individual artists.
• Jean Metzinger
Surrealism and Abstract Realism
The cubist invented the >>SURREALISM<<
collage, the pasting together of It was an art movement that started in 1924 by
magazine and writer, poet, and Dadaist Andre Breton (1896-1966).
newspaper clippings It started as a literary movement, but was adopted to
and other items in the visual arts.
their paintings.
Cubism is also Surreal is something that is strange, bizarre
prevalent in or out of this world. Surreal is the perfect way of
sculpture. teaching of describing a group of artists in 1924. These
artists were dedicated in expressing imagery revealed
in dreams.
It was influenced by the works of the
>>DADAISM<< psychologist, Sigmund Freud. Surrealists believed that
dreams and the subconscious were as real as the
It was intentionally off-putting. It was waking state.
scandalous and shocking. Dadaist believed that art
can be made of anything and the idea behind the art Salvador Dali— was a famous surrealist. He was
was more important than the art itself. known, not only for his artworks, but also for his
flamboyant and gaudy personality. One of his well-
Dada artists are known for their use of ready known masterpieces is the painting called The
made—everyday objects that could be bought and Persistence Memory.
presented as art with little manipulation by the artist.
Dadaism is the ultimate example of avant-garde
art. Avant-garde is the French term of “vanguard”
which means something is ahead of its time. Dadaism
explored artistic methods and experimented with new
ideas and techniques.
The Dadaist were active from 1916-1922 and
they challenged the ideology of Western Civilization. The Persistence Memory is a painting with
They went against all rules of traditional art production time as its theme. The landscape is imitated from the
and challenged artistic norms. Dadaists were anti-art. hometown of Dali—Catalonia. The melting clocks
>>Key Artists (Foreign) indicate the universal law of time.

• Francis Picabia
• Marcel Duchamp Another type of surrealism included the artists
using symbols which were not directly associated with
• Man Ray the physical world. They made use of playful lines and
biomorphic shapes in colorful patterns that
produced lighthearted and pleasant artworks.

St. Francis High School—Learning Module 3

 ARTS 10 - Ms. Katrina Carla A. Bituin

Performance Art
>>PERFORMANCE ART<<
by Paul Klee a Swiss It is an art form that is presented live by the
painter artist or a group of artists. This art movement started
in the 1930s during the Dadaist movement, but it
flourished in the 1960s. Performance art involved
different artistic practices such as dancing, poetry
reading, acting, painting, and playing musical
instruments.
Performance art is ephemeral in nature. It
does not capture the subject matter like in painting and
sculpture. But with the invention of the camera,
performance art can now be recorded and preserved.
by Joan Miro a Spanish
painter

>>Other famous surrealist were; (Foreign)

• Rene Magritte
• Max Ernst
• Frida Kahlo Marina Abramovic— was one of the best-known
performance artists. She was known for her acts that
>>Other famous surrealist were; (Local)
measured limitation of her body and mind.
• Danny Sillada
One of her
• Bienvenido ‘Bones’ Banez famous acts was entitled
The Artist is Present—
• Jon Jaylo
in this act, she was
seated for almost 7
>> ABSTRACT REALISM<< hours as she stared back
to whoever would sit in
It was an art movement that merged two front of her.
contradictory elements—abstract and reality. The
combination and blending of abstract and reality Sam Penasa—a Filipino performance artist. He is also a
produced a realistic depiction of figures on an abstract multimedia artist and sculptor. His act entitled The
background. Abstract realism has encouraged the Striped Walker series are works done during his
viewers to create their own stories for the artistic journeys to different parts of the world.
interpretation of an artwork. David Cortes Medalla—another well-known Filipino
In abstract realism, the performance artists. He is a child prodigy—he was
subject was realistic but the admitted to Columbia University in New York at the age
technique was abstract. of 12. He is an international artist and he performs in
different cities such as London, New York City, and
Paris. He works in different mediums and his latest
performance art is entitled Cloud Gates.

>>Key Artists (Foreign)

• Dirk Walker
• Sherrie McGraw
• Walter Murch
>>Key Artists (Local)
• Benjamin Cruz
• Constantino Bernardo
• Rommel de la Torre

St. Francis High School—Learning Module 4