TOMATO
Tomato is a warm season crop. It grows well at temperatures ranges from 18 0C to 270C.
Temperatures above 370C accompanied by low humidity and dry winds, frequently damage floral
parts and fruit setting. Tomato can with stand drought conditions but fruits are subjected to blossom
end rot.
Tomatoes can be grown in all types of soils with pH ranges from 6 to 7.5., Clay loam and silt
loam soils are well suited for heavy yields.
The field is ploughed 3-4 times and apply 10 -15 tons FYM (Farm Yard Manure), 100kg
Neem/ castor cake, 100 kg DAP, 40 kg Potash, 10 kg Magnesium Sulphate, 4 kg
Ferterra(Chlorantraniliprole granules), 8 kg Nimitz (Fluensulfone granules) and 10 kg
Micronutrients(F-4) per acre before last ploughing, to incorporate into the soil.
Prepare beds with the required spacing
For Grafted Plants (Hybrids) : Centre of Bed to Bed (Drip to Drip) – 135 to 150 cm
: Plant to Plant - 40 to 45 cm (Zig Zag distance)
Tomato is susceptible to Bacterial wilt, Fusarium wilt and Nematodes, so grafted
seedlings are advisable for planting.
25 to 28 days aged seedlings are good for better establishment.
Grafted seedlings will come with collagen paraffin tube at about 3 inches above the
rooting media, not to be removed. Plant completely absorbs the tube in a month
time from the date of planting.
This tube should never touch soil surface and the tube should always be 2.5 inches
above the soil and never do earthing up at the base of the seedlings both in case of
mulch and non-mulching conditions.
Farmer should train the transplanting labor and demonstrate how to plant with at
least 5-6 seedlings.
Farmers should remove any shoots from the root area or below the tube at the time
of planting. If shoots not removed, then they dominate the growth of the main plant
and do not allow the fruit bearing shoot or scion to grow.
Irrigate the field 2-3 hrs before planting and then 1hr after transplanting in case of
drip irrigation.
Excess irrigation after drought conditions will lead to fruit cracks.
In case of drip provide irrigation daily and in case of flood do irrigation with 3-4 days
once depending on the soil condition.
Remove weeds near the base of the plant.
Spray Metri or Adrino or Sencor (Metribuzin) @ 1 gm/ lit ( 200 gm in 200 lit water
per acre) to control the weeds 20 days after planting in standing crop in case of flood
irrigation.
Fertigation Schedule (Kg)
Days ATP Date 12.61.0 19.19.19 13.0.45 Urea MgSo4 CN-B Tracel Zinc
10 5
14 10
20 6
21 12
26 6
27 12
32 6
33 12
38 7
39 14
44 6 2
45 6
50 6 5
51 6 8
56 6
57 6
62 7 3
63 7
Days Date 12.61.0 19.19.19 13.0.45 Urea MgSo4 CN-B Tracel Zinc
ATP
44 6 2
45 6
50 6 5
51 6 8
56 6
57 6
62 7 3
63 7
68 6 5
69 9 8
74 6 5
75 5
76 9 0.5
80 6 5
81 9
86 6 5
87 9 9
92 6 5
93 9
98 6 5
99 5
100 9
104 6 5
105 9 8
110 6 5
111 9
116 6 5
11 9
122 6 5
123 9 8
128 6 5
129 5
130 9
134 6 5
135 9
140 6 5
141 9 9
146 6 5
147 9
152 6 5
153 9
Total Kg 30 150 135 125 20 50 5 0.5
Tomato crop responds very well to manures and fertilizers. A crop of tomato producing
about 30 tons of fruit needs 65 kg Nitrogen, 17 kg Phosphorus and 105 kg Potash. So, farmers are
advised to apply fertilizers according to the crop growth and fruit yield.
Farmers should able to identify the nutrient deficiency symptoms and need to correct them timely.
Nitrogen deficiency: top leaves will be yellowish green with purple veins.
Phosphorus deficiency: Leaves become dark green with purple inter veinal tissue on the
underside of the leaf.
Potash (K) deficiency: Young leaves are dark green, becoming crinkled and curled. Older
leaves are chlorotic and bronzed. Fruits ripe unevenly and appear blotchy and drop-off soon
after ripening.
Iron (Fe) deficiency: The young leaves are chlorotic and generally observed in calcarious
soils.
Zinc deficiency: Terminal leaves remain small and the leaflets show slight discoloration
between the veins.
Magnesium deficiency: observed in light and calcarious soils. The lower and older leaf veins
remaining dark green and areas between the veins become yellow.
Calcium deficiency: The leaf lets remain tiny and are deformed and curled up. Fruits show
blossom end rot.
Nitrogen deficiency Phosphorus deficiency Potash deficiency
Iron Deficiency Zinc deficiency Magnesium deficiency Calcium deficiency
Pest and Disease management:
Grow maize as boarder crop to distract the insects.
Plant marigold seedlings @ 200 plants per acre to monitor the fruit borer population.
Setup Fruit borer pheromone traps @ 6 traps per acre ( Heli lure)
Keep 12 Wota T traps at a height of 2 feet from the ground with Tuta lures to manage
pinworm / american leaf miner (Tuta absoluta).
Spray 5% neem seed kernel suspension ( NSKS) to control all types of caterpillars and sucking
insects ( NSKS can be mixed with all insecticides and fungicides)
Install 20-30 Yellow sticky traps to manage sucking insects like white flies and jassids.
Use jaggery @ 5 gm/lit along with the chemicals, which used for the control of leaf miner.
Apply Bacillus subtilis or Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 1 lit per acre thru drip for the
management of root knot nematodes.
Release 600 gm NIPIP thru drip for the control of Nematodes
Add 500 ml Velum prime (Fluopyram) in 400 lit of water and release thru drip or drench 12-
15 days after planting to control Nematodes.
Develop Trichoderma viridae culture ( Put 3 kg Niprot + 5 kg Jaggery in 200 lit water and
keep it in shade for a week) and release thru drip for the management of soil born fungal
diseases and nematodes.
Pesticide Spray Schedule
Particulars Qty Method
Nursery Cabriotop 2 g/lit spraying
Confidor 1 ml/lit
15 DAS Voliumflexi 100 ml (0.5 ml) Drenching/Spraying
Cabrio Top 300 g (1.5 g/lit)
24 DAS Oberon 100 ml (1.5 ml/lit) Spraying
Folio gold 2 ml /lit
32 DAS Intrepid 2 ml/ lit Spraying
Curzate 3 gm/ lit
40 DAS Ergon 1 ml/lit Spray
Alanto 1.5 ml/lit
52 DAS Volium Targo 1 ml/lit Spray
Amistar Top/ Acrobat 1 ml/lit
60 DAS Flubendiamide 0.5 gm / lit Spray
Kavach/ CabrioTop 2 gm/ lit
70 DAS Acrobat/Nativo 1gm/lit Spray
Proclaim/Takumi 0.5 gm/lit
82 DAS Custodia 1 ml/lit Spray
Emamectin benzoate 0.5 gm/lit
Chemical control measures:
Fruit Borer: Flubendiamide ( Takumi @ 0.5 gm/lit),
Emamectin Benzoate ( Proclaim or Amnon or Missile @ 0.5 gm/lit),
American Leaf miner: Spinosad ( Taffin or Tracer @ 0.3 ml/lit)
Spinetoram ( Summit or Deligate @ 0.9 ml/lit)
Thrips: Spirotetramat (Movento @ 1ml/lit)
Imidacloprid ( Confidor or Cohigon @ 1ml/lit)
White flies: Spiramosifen (Oberon or Danfuron @ 1ml/lit)
Sulfoxaflor (Soloman or D-One @ 1 ml/lit)
Fluxametamide (Gracia @ 1ml/lit)
Mites: Fenpyroximate ( Sedna or Miteblock @ 2ml/lit)
Hexythiazox (Fircone or Endurer or Maiden @ 2 ml/lit)
Leaf miner: Abamectin ( Abacin or Abanex @ 1 ml/lit)
Early blight: Chlorthalonil ( Kavach or Ishaan @ 2 gm/lit)
Azoxistrobin ( Amistar or Mirador @ 1ml/lit)
Trifloxistrobin ( Nativo @ 1 gm/lit)
Late blight: Dimethomorph ( Acrobat or Ditaf @ 1 gm/lit)
Mandipropamid ( Revus @ 0.8 ml/lit)
Corenospora leaf spot: Famoxadone (Equation Pro @ 1 ml/lit)
Fluopicolide ( Infinito @ 2.5 g/lit)
Kresoxim methyl ( Eegon @ 1 ml/lit)
Powdery Mildew : Iprovalicarb ( Melody Duo @ 4 gm/lit)
Myclobutanil ( Myclomain or Index @ 1 gm/lit)
Bacterial blight: Blitox ( COC ) @ 2gm/lit + Plantomycin @ 1gm/lit
Virus: Neem oil 1% @ 1 ml/lit
Fusarium wilt: Fluopicolide + Fosetyl (Profiler @ 2 kg/ac) thru Drip/Drenching
Thiophanate methyl ( Topmast @ 2 kg/ac) thru Drip/Drenching
Bacterial wilt: Hydrogen peroxide 50% @ 1500 ml /100 lit – Drenching or Drip
Blitox (COC) @ 2 kg + Plantomycin @ 250 gm / ac thru Drip/Drench.
Root Knot Nematodes: Fluensulfone ( Nimitz @ 8 kg/acre) soil application
Fluopyram (Velum prime) @ 500 ml/ ac thru Drip.
Snail/Slugs: Metaldehyde (Snailkil) @ 1 kg/ ac as bait
NSKS (Neem Seed Kernal Suspension) 5% works on all types of insect pests.
For Order of Grafted / Non Grafted seedlings,
Contact: Kishore K on 9985704545 , 74165160013
For purchase of Raised Bed Maker (Tractor mounted),
Contact: Rambabu on 8387959498
Agri consultant: M.Koteswararao , 9550053111
Fruit Borer Tuta absoluta(Pin worm) Leaf miner
Red mites Early blight Late blight
Corynospora spot Bacterial spot Virus
TOMATO (Cost of Cultivation)
Particulars Unit No of Units Unit cost Amount (Rs)
1 Land Preparation
a. Ploughing Hrs 2 900 1800
b. Harrowing/Rotavator Hrs 1 1200 1200
c. Bed Preparation Hrs 1 1300 1300
d. Drip Laying Womandays 2 300 600
e. Mulching sheet 600 m 6 1800 10800
f. Mulch laying & Hole making Mandays 9 450 4050
2 FYM Trucks 1 17500 17500
Fertilizers 1 55000 55000
Application cost Womandays 5 300 1500
3 Planting
Seedlings Nos 7000 6 42000
Transplanting Womandays 4 250 1000
4 Weed Control
Metribuzin 100 g 2 260 520
Spraying application Mandays 1 450 450
Manual weeding womandays 12 250 3000
5 Propping
Staking material Sticks 1200 12 14400
Erection cost Mandays 4 500 2000
Threads Kg 30 100 3000
Trellising labour womandays 12 250 3000
6 Irrigation Mandays 3 500 1500
7 Plant Protection
Chemicals 1 20000 20000
Application cost Mandays 5 450 2250
8 Harvesting
Labour cost womandays 80 250 20000
9 Total Expenses 206870
10 Fruit Yield Tonnes 40
11 Gross Monetory Kg 40000 12 480000
12 Net Returns 273130
