CH Chemical Engineering
Section 1: Engineering Mathematics
Linear Algebra: Matrix algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and
eigenvectors.
Calculus: Functions of single variable, Limit, continuity and differentiability, Taylor
series, Mean value theorems, Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial
derivatives, Total derivative, Maxima and minima, Gradient, Divergence and Curl,
Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes,
Gauss and Green’s theorems.
Differential equations: First order equations (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear
differential equations with constant coefficients, Cauchy’s and Euler’s equations,
Initial and boundary value problems, Laplace transforms, Solutions of one
dimensional heat and wave equations and Laplace equation.
Complex variables: Complex number, polar form of complex number, triangle
inequality.
Probability and Statistics: Definitions of probability and sampling theorems,
Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard deviation, Random
variables, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distributions, Linear regression analysis.
Numerical Methods: Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic
equations. Integration by trapezoidal and Simpson’s rule. Single and multi-step
methods for numerical solution of differential equations.
Section 2: Process Calculations and Thermodynamics
Steady and unsteady state mass and energy balances including multiphase, multi-
component, reacting and non-reacting systems. Use of tie components; recycle,
bypass and purge calculations; Gibb’s phase rule and degree of freedom analysis.
First and Second laws of thermodynamics. Applications of first law to close and
open systems. Second law and Entropy. Thermodynamic properties of pure
substances: Equation of State and residual properties, properties of mixtures: partial
molar properties, fugacity, excess properties and activity coefficients; phase
equilibria: predicting VLE of systems; chemical reaction equilibrium.
Section 3: Fluid Mechanics and Mechanical Operations
Fluid statics, Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, shell-balances including
differential form of Bernoulli equation and energy balance, Macroscopic friction
factors, dimensional analysis and similitude, flow through pipeline systems, flow
meters, pumps and compressors, elementary boundary layer theory, flow past
immersed bodies including packed and fluidized beds, Turbulent flow: fluctuating
velocity, universal velocity profile and pressure drop.
Particle size and shape, particle size distribution, size reduction and classification of
solid particles; free and hindered settling; centrifuge and cyclones; thickening and
classification, filtration, agitation and mixing; conveying of solids.
Section 4: Heat Transfer
Steady and unsteady heat conduction, convection and radiation, thermal
boundary layer and heat transfer coefficients, boiling, condensation and
evaporation; types of heat exchangers and evaporators and their process
calculations. Design of double pipe, shell and tube heat exchangers, and single
and multiple effect evaporators.
Section 5: Mass Transfer
Fick’s laws, molecular diffusion in fluids, mass transfer coefficients, film, penetration
and surface renewal theories; momentum, heat and mass transfer analogies;
stage-wise and continuous contacting and stage efficiencies; HTU & NTU concepts;
design and operation of equipment for distillation, absorption, leaching, liquid-liquid
extraction, drying, humidification, dehumidification and adsorption.
Section 6: Chemical Reaction Engineering
Theories of reaction rates; kinetics of homogeneous reactions, interpretation of
kinetic data, single and multiple reactions in ideal reactors, non-ideal reactors;
residence time distribution, single parameter model; non-isothermal reactors;
kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic reactions; diffusion effects in catalysis.
Section 7: Instrumentation and Process Control
Measurement of process variables; sensors, transducers and their dynamics, process
modeling and linearization, transfer functions and dynamic responses of various
systems, systems with inverse response, process reaction curve, controller modes (P,
PI, and PID); control valves; analysis of closed loop systems including stability,
frequency response, controller tuning, cascade and feed forward control.
Section 8: Plant Design and Economics
Principles of process economics and cost estimation including depreciation and
total annualized cost, cost indices, rate of return, payback period, discounted cash
flow, optimization in process design and sizing of chemical engineering equipments
such as compressors, heat exchangers, multistage contactors.
Section 9: Chemical Technology
Inorganic chemical industries (sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, chlor-alkali industry),
fertilizers (Ammonia, Urea, SSP and TSP); natural products industries (Pulp and Paper,
Sugar, Oil, and Fats); petroleum refining and petrochemicals; polymerization
industries (polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC and polyester synthetic fibers).
XE-F Polymer Science and Engineering
Section 1: Chemistry of high polymers
Monomers, functionality, degree of polymerizations, classification of polymers, glass
transition, melting transition, criteria for rubberiness, polymerization methods:
addition and condensation; their kinetics, metallocene polymers and other newer
techniques of polymerization, copolymerization, monomer reactivity ratios and its
significance, kinetics, different copolymers, random, alternating, azeotropic
copolymerization, block and graft copolymers, techniques for copolymerization-
bulk, solution, suspension, emulsion.
Section 2: Polymer Characterization
Solubility and swelling, concept of average molecular weight, determination of
number average, weight average, viscosity average and Z-average molecular
weights, polymer crystallinity, analysis of polymers using IR, XRD, thermal (DSC,
DMTA, TGA), microscopic (optical and electronic) techniques.
Section 3: Synthesis and properties
Commodity and general purpose thermoplastics: PE, PP, PS, PVC, Polyesters,
Acrylic, PU polymers. Engineering Plastics: Nylon, PC, PBT, PSU, PPO, ABS,
Fluoropolymers Thermosetting polymers: PF, MF, UF, Epoxy, Unsaturated polyester,
Alkyds. Natural and synthetic rubbers: Recovery of NR hydrocarbon from latex, SBR,
Nitrile, CR, CSM, EPDM, IIR, BR, Silicone, TPE.
Section 4: Polymer blends and composites
Difference between blends and composites, their significance, choice of polymers
for blending, blend miscibility-miscible and immiscible blends, thermodynamics,
phase morphology, polymer alloys, polymer eutectics, plastic-plastic, rubber-plastic
and rubber-rubber blends, FRP, particulate, long and short fibre reinforced
composites.
Section 5: Polymer Technology
Polymer compounding-need and significance, different compounding ingredients
for rubber and plastics, cross-linking and vulcanization, vulcanization kinetics.
Section 6: Polymer rheology
Flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, different flow equations,
dependence of shear modulus on temperature, molecular/segmental
deformations at different zones and transitions. Measurements of rheological
parameters by capillary rotating, parallel plate, cone-plate rheometer. Visco-
elasticity-creep and stress relaxations, mechanical models, control of rheological
characteristics through compounding, rubber curing in parallel plate viscometer,
ODR and MDR.
Section 7: Polymer processing
Compression molding, transfer molding, injection molding, blow molding, reaction
injection molding, extrusion, pultrusion, calendaring, rotational molding,
thermoforming, rubber processing in two-roll mill, internal mixer.
Section 8: Polymer testing
Mechanical-static and dynamic tensile, flexural, compressive, abrasion, endurance,
fatigue, hardness, tear, resilience, impact, toughness. Conductivity-thermal and
electrical, dielectric constant, dissipation factor, power factor, electric resistance,
surface resistivity, volume resistivity, swelling, ageing resistance, environmental stress
cracking resistance.
