Exercise – I

Biodiversity and Conservation 9. Which equation is correct for species

1. An endangered Indian bird is area relationship

(1) Passenger pigeon (1) S = CAZ

(2) Great Indian bustard (2) A = SCZ
(3) Vulture (3) log S = log C + Z log A
(4) Pink headed duck (4) 1 & 3 Both

2. Silent valley is located in 10. Species area relationship equation was

(1) Kerala (2) Assam given by

(3) J & K (4) Rajasthan (1) Mayer (2) Ehrlich

(3) Hemboldt (4) Wilson
3. What determines the boundaries of a biome?
11. Rivet popper hypothesis was given by ......
(1) Temperature & rain fall
to explain importance of biodiversity
(2) Type of soil & presence of barrier
(1) Mayer (2) Paul Eherlich
(3) Altitude & latitude
(3) Hemboldt (4) Wilson
(4) All the above
12. Total number of Biodiversity Hot spot in
4. Tree hugging or chipko movement is India are
associated with
(1) 1 (2) 2
(1) H.N. Bahuguna (2) S.L. Bahuguna
(3) 3 (4) 4
(3) Vinoba Bahave (4) None of these
13. Total number of Biodiversity Hot spots
5. Approximately 1.5 million species have
in world are
been identified. Which group contains
(1) 25 (2) 9
the most species world wide
(3) 34 (4) 32
(1) Fungai (2) Vascular plant
(3) Insects (4) Mammals 14. Silent valley of kerala is preserved because
6. Introduction of Nile perch into lake (1) It contain rare species of animals and
Victoria leads to extinction of plants
(1) Cat fish (2) Cichlid fish (2) Soil is rich in minerals
(3) Shark fish (4) Dolphin (3) Land were use extensively for
agricultural purpose
7. Which of the following group of animal
(4) It has pine tree
is the most vulnerable to extinction
(1) Amphibia (2) Aves 15. Which of the following is narrow utility
(3) Insect (4) Mammals of biodiversity
(1) Fiber production
8. Which of the following group of plants is
(2) Taxol production
the most vulnerable to extinction
(3) O2 production
(1) Angiosperm (2) Bryophytes
(3) Gymnosperm (4) Pteridophyta (4) 1 & 2 Both
16. Gir National park is famous for 23. Biodiversity day is celebrated on
(1) Tiger (2) Lion (1) 3rd December (2) 22nd May

(3) Wild Ass (4) Elephant (3) 4th October (4) 3rd October

17. Who proposed hot spot concept for 24. Which of the following is a method of in-
region of high ecological diversity situ conservation
(1) National Park (2) Cryopreservation
(1) IUCN (2) Mayer
(3) Botanical Garden (4) All
(3) Odum (4) Cormandii
25. Which of the following are parts of
18. Which of the following is a correct Biosphere reserves
match of animal and its habitat
(1) Transition zone
(1) Elephant - Ranthambhore (2) Buffer zone
(2) Flamingo - Chilka lake of orissa (3) Core Zone
(3) Wild ass - Dachigam (4) All of the above
(4) Indian tailor bird - Assam
26. Which of the following convention is
related to conservation biodiversity
19. Total biodiversity present in India is
about .....% of total world biodiversity (1) Rio de Janeiro Convention
(2) Montreal protocol
(1) 8.1% (2) 6.1%
(3) Kyoto protocol
(3) 2% (4) 16%
(4) All
20. Which of the following is present in
27. Which of the following hot spots are
green book
present in India
(1) List of endangered plant
(1) Western Ghat & SRI Lanka
(2) List of extinct plant (2) Indo-Burma
(3) Suggestions for sustainable development (3) Himalaya
(4) List of plant group of an area (4) All of the above

21. Which of the following species is 28. Which of the following are cause of
endangered biodiversity loss

(1) Bustard (1) Habitat loss

(2) Over exploitation
(2) Rhinoceros
(3) Alien species invasion
(3) Asiatic ass
(4) All
(4) All of the above
29. Which of the following became extinct
22. Silent valley is a type of due to over exploitation
(1) Tropical forest (1) Passenger pigeon
(2) Temperate forest (2) Steller's Sea cow
(3) Deciduous forest (3) Cichlid fish
(4) All of the above (4) 1 & 2 Both
30. Out of more than 1.5 million known 36. According to IUCN, when a taxon is
species insects are _______of the total facing an extremely high risk of
animals extinction in the immediate future, it is
(1) 70% (2) 25% (1) Extinct in wild
(3) 50% (4) 75% (2) Endangered
(3) Critically endangered
31. Which is not true regarding genetic
diversity ? (4) Vulnerable

(1) It enables a population to adapt to its 37. Protected areas are example of
environment
(1) In-situ conservation
(2) It is also basis of speciation
(2) Ex-situ conservation
(3) Ecotype formation
(3) Cryopreservation
(4) Higher diversity increases uniformity
(4) Green Houses
32. Regional diversity is also called
38. The zone of biosphere reserve where no
(1) Alpha diversity human activity is permitted is known as
(2) Beta diversity (1) Buffer zone
(3) Gamma diversity (2) Core zone
(4) Ecosystem diversity (3) Manipulation zone
(4) Transition zone
33. The species which are likely to be in
danger of extinction in the medium term 39. The Indian rhinoceros is the most
future if the factors threating their important protected species in
extinction continue are known as (1) Gir National Park
(1) Threatened species (2) Bandipur National Park
(2) Rare species (3) Corbett National Park
(3) Vulnerable species (4) Kaziranga National Park
(4) Endangered species
40. Wild populations of plants and animals
34. 5th June is: and traditional life styles of tribals are
(1) World Environment Day protected in
(2) Wold AIDS Day
(1) Biosphere Reserve (2) Sanctuary
(3) World Women’s Day
(3) National Park (4) None of these
(4) Worlds Polio Day

35. A population characteristic of a species 41. Man made mass extinction of species
susceptible to extinction is represent a very severe depletion of
biodiversity called as
(1) Low trophic level in food chain
(1) Mass extinction
(2) Inability to switch over to alternate
food source (2) Natural extinction

(3) Wide range of distribution (3) Anthropogenic extinction

(4) High biotic potential (4) Human extinction

42. Which of the following exotic species 48. Among the following a plant species of
has become menace to many water medicinal value is endangered -
bodies in India ? (1) Butea frondosa
(2) Rauwolfia serpentina
(1) Lantana camara
(3) Cocus nucifera
(2) Eichhornia crassipes (4) Mangifera
(3) Panthenium hysterophorus
49. The method by which endangered plant
(4) Eupatorium odoratum species are conserved in a botanical garden
or in some controlled circumstances -
43. Which is not a criteria used for
(1) Afforestation
determining hot spots (2) In situ conservation
(1) Number of endemic species (3) Ex situ conservation
(2) Degree of habitat destruction (4) None of the above

(3) Having traditional strategy for

50. The aim of plant conservation is -
protection of biodiversity (1) To conserve the necessary ecological
(4) High diversity activities and life supporting systems
(2) To conserve species diversity and
44. How many species became extinct in range of genetic material
last 500 years (3) To conserve useful wild varieties
(1) 338 (2) 359 (4) All of the above
(3) 784 (4) 2000
51. Which of the following species is in
45. How many hot spots cover India's high
endangered state -
biodiversity regions ? (1) Indian bustard & rhinoceros
(1) 25 (2) 3 (3) 34 (4) 2 (2) Asiatic donkey
46. Species diversity in an ecosystem mainly (3) Black buck
(4) All the above
depends on -
(1) Light intensity 52. Wild life protection act was enacted in
(2) Temperature India in -
(3) Rain fall (1) 1947 (2) 1962
(4) Soil type (3) 1972 (4) 1992

47. Red data book is famous for - 53. Periyar Sanctuary is famous for:
(1) Extinct plants and animals (1) Rhinoceros
(2) Chital
(2) Extinct plants only
(3) Great Indian Bustard
(3) Endangered plants and animals
(4) Elephants
(4) Extinct animals only

ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Ans. 3 3 1 2 3 2 1 3 4 3 2 3 3 1 4 2 2 2 1 3 4 1 2 1 4
Que. 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
Ans. 1 4 4 4 1 4 3 3 1 2 3 1 2 4 1 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 3 4
Que. 51 52 53
Ans. 4 3 4
 Exercise – II

1. Animal protected n Kaziranga National (1) Deforestation

Park is: (2) Forest fire
(1) Tiger (2) Lion (3) Floods
(3) Elephant (4) Rhinoceros (4) Less Rain fall

2. If a certain plant species is not found in 8. Main reason of disturbance of biological

its wild localities even after repeated diversity -
search, then it would be listed in which (1) Green house effect
category in the "Red Data Book" - (2) Hunting
(1) Extinct (2) Endangered (3) Soil erosion
(3) Vulnerable (4) Rare (4) Destruction of natural habitats

3. "Kaziranga" is related to - 9. Best method to preserve the wild relatives of

(1) Tiger (2) Rhinoceros plants -

(3) Birds (4) Lion (1) By growing them in natural habitats

(2) Gene library
4. Number of wild life is continuously
(3) By storing seeds
decreasing. What is the main reason of
(4) Cryopreservation
this -
(1) Predation 10. Species diversity is maximum in -

(2) Cutting down of forest (1) Tropical rain forest

(2) Temperate forest
(3) Destruction of habitat
(3) Deserts
(4) Hunting
(4) Hill slops
5. Which one of the following pairs of
11. Susceptibility to extinction is increased
geographical areas show maximum
by which factor ?
biodiversity in our country -
(1) Large body size
(1) Sundarbans and Rann of Kutch
(2) Feeding at high tropic level
(2) Eastern Ghats and West Bengal
(3) Low reproductive rate
(3) Eastern Himalaya and Western Ghats
(4) All of the above
(4) Kerala and Punjab
12. What shall be the effect of destruction
6. One of the ex situ conservation methods of wild life ?
for endangered species is - (1) Wild gene of disease resistance will
not be available
(1) Wildlife Sanctuaries
(2) Soil erosion
(2) Biosphere Reserves
(3) Floods
(3) Cryopreservation
(4) Green house effect
(4) National Parks
7. Common reason for loss of wildlife is -
13. Occurrence of endemic species in South
America and Australia is due to - 17. Which of the following is not related to
broad utility of forests ?
(1) There species has been extinct from
other regions (1) Climate control

(2) Continental separation (2) Protection of soil

(3) There is no terrestrial route to these (3) Source of new crops

places (4) Nutrient cycling
(4) Retrogressive evolution
18. Highest level of threat is represented by
14. In your opinion, which is the most which category ?
effective way to conserve the plant (1) Vulnerable
diversity of an area -
(2) Extinct
(1) By creating biosphere reserve
(3) Critically endangered
(2) By creating botanical garden
(4) Endangered
(3) By developing seed bank
(4) By tissue culture method 19. Smallest tiger reserve in India is:
(1) Ranthambore National Park
15. Biodiversity Act of India was passed by
the Parliament in the year - (2) Desert National Park
(1) 2002 (2) 1992 (3) Corbett National Park
(3) 1996 (4) 2000 (4) Kaziranga National Park

16. According to IUCN Red List. What is the

status of Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens) ?
(1) Critically species
(2) Vulnerable species
(3) Extinct species
(4) Endangered species

ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Ans. 4 3 2 3 4 1 1 3 2 4 2 3 3 3 3 1 3 1 1
 Exercise – III (Previous Year Questions)
[AIPMT 2005] 6. Which of the following is considered a
1. At which latitude, heat gain through
hot-spot of biodiversity in India ?
insolation approximately equals heat
loss through terrestrial radiation: (1) Eastern Ghats
(1) 42 ½º North and South (2) Aravalli Hills
(2) 22½º North and South
(3) 40º North and South (3) Western Ghats
(4) 66º North and South (4) Indo-Gangetic Plain

2. One of the most important functions of

[AIPMT 2007]
botanical gardens is that -
(1) They provide a beautiful area for 7. Identify the odd combination of the habitat
recreation and the particular animal concerned -

(2) One can observe tropical plants there (1) Rann of Kutch - Wild Ass
(3) They allow ex-situ conservation of (2) Dachigam national Park - Snow Leopard
germ plasm (3) Sunderbans - Bengal Tiger
(4) They provide the natural habitat for (4) Periyar – Elephant
wild life
8. Which one of the following pairs of
[AIPMT 2006]
organisms are exotic species introduced in
3. Which of the following pairs of an animal India ?
and a plant represents endangered
organisms in India ? (1) Nile perch, Ficus religiosa
(1) Cinchona and Leopard (2) Ficus religiosa, Lantana camara
(2) Banyan and Black buck (3) Lantana camara, Water Hyacinth
(3) Bentinckia nicobarica and Red Panda
(4) Water hyacinth, Prosopis cinereia
(4) Tamarind and Rhesus monkey

4. Which one of the following is not [AIPMT-2008]

included under in - situ conservation ? 9. Which one of the following is not
(1) Biosphere reserve observed in biodiversity hotspots ?
(2) National park
(1) Lesser inter-specific competition
(3) Sanctuary
(2) Species richness
(4) Botanical garden
(3) Endemism
5. Which one of the following is the (4) Accelerated species loss
correctly matched pair of an endangered
animal and a National Park ?
[AIPMT 2009]
(1) Wild ass - Dudhwa National Park
10. Tiger is not a resident in which one of
(2) Great Indian Bustard – Keoladeo
the following national park ?
National Park
(3) Lion - Corbett National Park (1) Jim Corbett (2) Ranthambhor
(4) Rhinoceros - Kaziranga National Park (3) Sundarbans (4) Gir
11. Chipko movement was launched for the 18. Which one of the following shows
protection of: maximum genetic diversity in India ?
(1) Wet lands (2) Grasslands
(1) Mango
(3) Forests (4) Livestock
(2) Groundnut
[Pre-AIPMT 2010]
(3) Rice
12. Which one of the following is an example
of ex-situ conservation? (4) Maize

(1) Wild life contrary (2) Seed bank

[AIPMT Mains- 2011]
(3) Sacred groves (4) National Park
19. Biodiversity of a geographical region
13. The Indian Rhinoceros is a natural represents:
inhabitant of which one of the Indian
(1) Species endemic to the region
states:
(1) Uttar Pradesh (2) Endangered species found in the region
(2) Himachal Pradesh (3) The diversity in the organisms living
(3) Assam in the region
(4) Uttarakhand (4) Genetic diversity present in the

14. A renewable exhaustible natural resource dominant species of the region.

is:
(1) Coal (2) Petroleum [AIIMS-2011]
(3) Minerals (4) Forest
20. Which of the following is best method of
[Pre-AIPMT 2011] biodiversity conservation ?
15. Which one of the following have the (1) Herbarium
highest number of species in nature ?
(2) Botanical gardens
(1) Angiosperms (2) Fungi
(3) Seed bank
(3) Insects (4) Birds
(4) National park
16. A collection of plants and seeds having
diverse alleles of all the genes of a crop
is called: [AIPMT Pre-2012]
(1) Genome (2) Herbarium 21. Which one of the following areas in
(3) Germplasm (4) Gene library India, is a hot spot of biodiversity ?
(1) Sundarbans
17. Which one of the following expanded
forms of the following acronyms is (2) Western Ghats
correct ? (3) Eastern Ghats
(1) IUCN = International Union for
(4) Gangetic plain
Conservation of Nature and Natural
Resources
(2) IPCC = International Panel for Climate 22. The highest number of species in the
Change
world is represented by:-
(3) UNEP = United Nations Environmental
policy (1) Algae (2) Lichens

(4) EPA = Environmental Pollution Agency (3) Fungi (4) Mosses

 [AIPMT Mains-2012] [AIIMS-2013]
23. Select the correct statement about 29. Which of the following is not an exotic
biodiversity: invading species?
(1) Western Ghats have a very high degree (1) Lantana
of spices richness and endemism. (2) Parthenium
(2) Conservation of biodiversity is just a fad (3) Eichhorina
pursued by the developed countries.
(4) Nelumbo (Lotus)
(3) The desert areas of Rajasthan and
Gujarat have a very high level of 30. India is the one of the 12 mega diversity
desert animal species as well as countries of the world. It shares what
numerous rare animals. percentage of global species diversity ?
(4) Large scale planting of Bt. cotton has (1) 2.4 % (2) 8.1 %
no adverse effect on biodiversity
(3) 10% (4) 5%

24. Sacred groves are specially useful in: [AIIMS-2014]

(1) Year round flow of water in rivers 31. Which of the following is true ?
(1) High altitude have higher biodiversity
(2) Conserving rare and threatened spices
than low altitude
(3) Generating environmental awareness
(2) Low altitude have higher biodiversity
(4) Preventing soil erosion than high altitude
(3) Amphibians have high biodiversity
[AIIMS-2012] among vertebrates
25. Which of the following has the highest (4) Bryophytes have higher biodiversity
genetic diversity in India ? than angiosperms
(1) Rice (2) Mango
32. Which of the following is true ?
(3) Wheat (4) Maize (1) 32% of amphibians species face
threat of extinction
26. Kashmiri stag is also known as:
(2) Lichens have higher biodiversity than
(1) Hangul (2) Nilgai algae & fungi together
(3) Sambhar (4) Chital (3) Ganga basin have higher biodiversity
than Amazon rain forest
[NEET-UG 2013] (4) A stable community should show
27. Which of the following represents huge variation in productivity from
maximum number of species among year to year
global biodiversity ? [AIPMT-2014]
(1) Mosses and Ferns 33. An example of ex situ conservation is:
(2) Algae (1) National park (2) Seed Bank
(3) Lichens (3) Wildlife Sanctuary (4) Sacred Grove
(4) Fungi
34. A species facing extremely high risk of
28. Which one of the following is not used extinction in the immediate future is called:
for ex situ plant conservation?
(1) Vulnerable
(1) Botanical Gardens
(2) Endemic
(2) Field gene banks
(3) Critically Endangered
(3) Seed banks
(4) Extinct
(4) Shifting cultivation
35. The organization which publishes the [NEET-2016]
Red List of species is: 40. Which of the following is the most
(1) ICFRE (2) IUCN important cause of animals and plants
(3) UNEP (4) WWF being driven to extinction?
(1) Over-exploitation
36. Given below is the representation of the (2) Alien species invasion
extent of global diversity of invertebrates.
(3) Habitat loss and fragmentation
What groups the four portions (A-D)
represent respectively: (4) Co-extinctions

D 41. Which is the National Aquatic Animal of

C India?
B A (1) Gangetic shark (2) River dolphin
(3) Blue whale (4) Sea-horse

Options: [NEET-II 2016]

A B C D
42. Joint Forest Management Concept was
Other
(1) In sec ts Crustaceans animal Molluscs
introduced in India during:
groups (1) 1960s (2) 1970s
Other
(2) Crustaceans In sec ts Molluscs animal (3) 1980s (4) 1990s
groups
Other
[NEET-2017]
(3) Molluscs animal Crustaceans In sec ts
groups 43. The region of Biosphere Reserve which
Other is legally protected and where no human
(4) In sec ts Molluscs Crustaceans animal
activity is allowed is known as:
groups
(1) Core zone (2) Buffer zone
[AIPMT-2015] (3) Transition zone (4) Restoration zone
37. Which of the following is not concerned
with loss of biodiversity ? 44. Which one of the following is related to
(1) Alien species invasion Ex-situ conservation of threatened
(2) Habitat loss and fragmentation animals and plants?
(3) De forestation (1) Wildlife Safari parks
(4) Ex-situ conservation
(2) Biodiversity hot spots
38. Cryopreservation of gametes of threatened (3) Amazon rainforest
species in viable and fertile condition can be (4) Himalayan region
referred to as:
(1) Advanced ex-situ conservation of 45. Alexandar Von Humbolt described for
biodiversity the first time:
(2) In situ conservation by sacred groves (1) Ecological Biodiversity
(3) In situ cryo-conservation of biodiversity (2) Laws of limiting factor
(4) In situ conservation of biodiversity (3) Species area relationships
(4) Population Growth equation
39. In which of the following both pairs have
correct combination:-
(1) In situ conservation: Cryopreservation [NEET-2018]
Ex situ conservation: Wildlife Sanctuary 46. All of the following are included in 'Ex-
(2) In situ conservation: Seed Bank situ conservation' except:
Ex situ conservation: National Park (1) Seed banks
(3) In situ conservation: Tissue culture (2) Wildlife safari parks
Ex situ conservation: Sacred groves
(3) Botanical gardens
(4) In situ conservation: National Park
Ex situ conservation: Botanical Garden (4) Scared groves
47. Pollen grains can be stored for several years 52. Exploration of molecular, genetic and
in liquid nitrogen having a temperature of: species level diversity for novel products of
(1) – 160°C (2) – 120°C economic importance is known as:
(3) – 196°C (4) – 80°C (1) Biopiracy
(2) Bioenergetics
[NEET-2019]
(3) Bioremediation
48. Which one of the following is not a
method of in situ conservation of (4) Bioprospecting
biodiversity ?
(1) Botanical Garden [NEET-2020]
(2) Sacred Grove 53. According toe Robert May, the global
(3) Biosphere Reserve species diversity is about:
(4) Wildlife’ Sanctuary (1) 7 million (2) 1.5 million
(3) 20 million (4) 50 million

49. Which of the following is the most 54. Which of the following reasons of the
important cause for animals and plants globe exhibits highest species diversity?
being driven to extinction ? (1) Amazon forests
(1) Economic exploitation (2) Western Ghats of India
(2) Alien species invasion
(3) Madagascar
(3) Habitat loss and fragmentation
(4) Himalayas
(4) Drought and floods

50. The Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro [NEET-2020 (Covid-19)]

in 1992 was called: 55. A species which was introduced for
(1) to assess threat posed to native ornamentation but has become a trouble-
species by invasive weed species. some weed in India:
(2) for immediate steps to discontinue (1) Parthenium hysterophorus
use of CFCs that were damaging the (2) Eichhornia crassipes
ozone layer. (3) Prosopis juliflora
(3) to reduce CO2 emissions and global
(4) Trapa spinosa
warming.
(4) for conservation of biodiversity and 56. In the following in each set a conservation
sustainable utilization of its benefits. approach and an example of method of
conservation are given
[NEET-2019 (Odisha)]
(a) In situ conservation-Biosphere Reserve
51. Decline in the population of Indian
(b) Ex situ conservation-Sacred groves
native fishes due to introduction of
(c) In situ conservation-Seed bank
clarias garienpinus in river Yamuna can
(d) Ex situ conservation-Cryopreservation
be categorised as:-
(1) (a) and (c)
(1) Co-extinction
(2) (a) and (d)
(2) Habitat fragmentation
(3) (b) and (d)
(3) Over exploitation
(4) Alien species invasion (4) (a) and (b)
 [NEET-2022]
58. Which of the following is not a method
57. Habitat loss and fragmentation, over of ex situ conservation?
exploitation, alien species invasion and (1) In vitro fertilization
co-extinction are causes for: (2) National Parks
(3) Micropropagation
(1) Population explosion
(4) Cryopreservation
(2) Competition
(3) Biodiversity loss 59. In–situ conservation refers to:
(1) Protect and conserve the whole
(4) Natality ecosystem
(2) Conserve only high risk species
(3) Conserve only endangered species
(4) Conserve only extinct species

ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Ans. 4 3 3 4 4 3 2 3 1 4 3 2 3 4 3 3 1 3 3 4 2 3 1 2 1
Que. 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
Ans. 1 4 4 4 2 2 1 2 3 2 4 4 1 4 3 2 3 1 1 3 4 3 1 3 4
Que. 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59
Ans. 4 4 1 1 2 2 3 2 1