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Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in C++ organizes code into classes and objects, encapsulating data and methods within classes. Key principles include encapsulation, inheritance for code reusability, and polymorphism allowing method overloading based on object types. Examples illustrate the creation of classes and their methods, showcasing how these principles are implemented in C++.

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16 views2 pages

5

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in C++ organizes code into classes and objects, encapsulating data and methods within classes. Key principles include encapsulation, inheritance for code reusability, and polymorphism allowing method overloading based on object types. Examples illustrate the creation of classes and their methods, showcasing how these principles are implemented in C++.

Uploaded by

lecocoy949
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is one of the core features of C++.

It involves
organizing code into "objects," which are instances of "classes." Here are the
basic principles of OOP:

Classes and Objects: A class is a blueprint for creating objects. It defines


attributes (variables) and methods (functions).

cpp
Copy
class Car {
public:
string brand;
string model;
int year;

void startEngine() {
cout << "The " << brand << " " << model << " is starting!" << endl;
}
};

int main() {
Car myCar; // Creating an object
myCar.brand = "Toyota";
myCar.model = "Corolla";
myCar.year = 2021;
myCar.startEngine(); // Calling a method
}
Encapsulation: Encapsulation is the practice of bundling data (attributes) and
methods that operate on the data into a single unit called a class. Access
modifiers such as public, private, and protected help control how the data is
accessed.

cpp
Copy
class BankAccount {
private:
double balance;

public:
void deposit(double amount) {
balance += amount;
}

double getBalance() {
return balance;
}
};
Inheritance: Inheritance allows one class to inherit the properties and methods of
another class. This promotes code reusability.

cpp
Copy
class Animal {
public:
void eat() {
cout << "Eating..." << endl;
}
};
class Dog : public Animal {
public:
void bark() {
cout << "Woof!" << endl;
}
};
Polymorphism: Polymorphism allows you to use the same method name for different
behaviors based on the object type.

cpp
Copy
class Shape {
public:
virtual void draw() {
cout << "Drawing a shape" << endl;
}
};

class Circle : public Shape {


public:
void draw() override {
cout << "Drawing a circle" << endl;
}
};

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