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Network Today Notes

Networking technology is essential in modern communication and information access, involving components like NICs, hubs, switches, routers, and modems. Various types of networks such as LAN, PAN, MAN, and WAN serve different geographic areas and purposes, while topologies like bus, ring, star, and mesh define their structure. Current trends include SD-WAN, microsegmentation, SASE, multicloud networking, and the implementation of 5G technology.

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14 views3 pages

Network Today Notes

Networking technology is essential in modern communication and information access, involving components like NICs, hubs, switches, routers, and modems. Various types of networks such as LAN, PAN, MAN, and WAN serve different geographic areas and purposes, while topologies like bus, ring, star, and mesh define their structure. Current trends include SD-WAN, microsegmentation, SASE, multicloud networking, and the implementation of 5G technology.

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vkumarmahato55
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Network Today

Presented by: Kartikee Singh

Introduction

Networking technology has become an integral part of our daily lives, playing a significant role in

how we communicate, access information, and engage with the world around us. From the devices

we use to the platforms we interact with, networking technology silently weaves its way into our

routines.

Components of a Network

NIC (Network Interface Card)

NIC is a hardware component used to connect a computer to a network. It supports transfer rates of

10, 100, or 1000 Mbps. A MAC address is uniquely assigned by IEEE and stored in PROM.

Hub

A hub divides network connections among devices. It broadcasts requests to the entire network,

consuming more bandwidth. Replaced by advanced components like switches and routers.

Switch

Connects multiple devices on a network. Uses physical addresses to deliver messages directly,

increasing network speed.

Router

Connects a LAN to the internet. Operates at Layer 3 of the OSI model and determines the best path

for packet transmission.

Modem

Converts digital data to analog signals over telephone lines. Stands for Modulator/Demodulator.
Cables and Connectors

Transmission media types include Twisted Pair, Coaxial, and Fiber-optic cables.

Types of Computer Networks

LAN (Local Area Network)

Used in small areas like offices. Provides high-speed, secure data transfer.

PAN (Personal Area Network)

Covers a range of 10 meters, connecting personal devices like phones and laptops.

MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

Covers larger areas, interconnecting LANs. Used by governments, banks, and colleges.

WAN (Wide Area Network)

Covers large geographic areas. The internet is the largest WAN, used in business and education.

Network Topologies

Bus Topology

All stations are connected through a single cable. Simpler but prone to data collisions.

Ring Topology

Nodes are connected in a circular manner. Data flows in one direction.

Star Topology

All nodes are connected to a central hub or server. Most popular topology.

Tree Topology

Combines bus and star topology. Organized hierarchically.

Mesh Topology

Nodes are interconnected with redundant paths. Ensures reliable communication.


Hybrid Topology

Combination of different topologies, like connecting ring and bus topologies.

Current Network Trends

SD-WAN

Provides flexible, secure connections while reducing costs.

Microsegmentation

Enhances cybersecurity by isolating network segments.

SASE

Unified networking and security for cloud environments.

Multicloud Networking

Optimizes costs and performance across multiple cloud providers.

5G

Enables IoT, smart cities, and autonomous vehicles with high-speed, low-latency connections.

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