A TECHNICAL REPORT

ON

STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORM EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES)

HELD AT

MECHANIC VILLAGE, IYANA ITIRE BUS STOP, ILASAMAJAM,

LAGOS STATE.

PREPARED BY:

OGUNDIMU TUNJI AJASA

ME20220105230

SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL

ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY, THE FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC EDE,
OSUN STATE

NATIONAL DIPLOMA (ND) IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

TECHNOLOGY

MARCH 2024
 CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that the technical report on Student Industrial Work Experience
Scheme (SIWES) by was carried out by OGUNDIMU TUNJI AJASA with
Matric No. ME20220105230 of the department of Mechanical Engineering
Technology, Federal Polytechnic Ede, Osun State, held at I.D AUTOMOBILE
DIAGNOSTIC COMPANY, LAGOS STATE carried out these report by
himself.

_____________________ ____________________

SIWES Coordinator Signature and Date

___________________ ___________________

Student's Name Signature and Date

___________________ ___________________

Head of Department Signature and Date

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the I.D AUTOMOBILE

DIAGNOSTIC COMPANY for providing access to resources essential for this
program. Special thanks to my industrial supervisor in the person of Engr.
LAFULU ADIO IDOWU for his valuable advice and support throughout the siwes
program. Additionally, I acknowledge the contributions of my colleagues for their
insightful discussions and feedback. Lastly, I extend my appreciation to my friends
and family for their support, encouragement and understanding during this
endeavor.
 ABSTRACT

This STUDENT Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) report presents the
experience garnered during my three months of Industrial training undertaken at
I.D AUTOMOBILE DIAGNOSTIC COMPANY, LAGOS STATE,
NIGERIA.

My training was in the diagnosis, repairs and maintenance in automobile vehicles

ranging from cars, SUVs, light trucks and pickups.

During this period, I acquired practical knowledge on how to repair, replace and
install some mechanical parts and systems also assisted in providing the units the
functionality they need.

This report discusses the technical skills gained during the training period and
justifying the relevance of the scheme in equipping students with needed technical
competence to thrive in the real world.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE
CERTIFICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION TO SIWES
BACKGROUND OF SIWES
AIM AND OBJECTIVES
IMPORTANCE OF SIWES
 CHAPTER ONE

1.0. INTRODUCTION TO SIWES

The Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is a program initiated by the
Industrial Training Fund (ITF) to provide tertiary institution students with practical exposure in
their chosen fields of study. It serves as a bridge between theoretical knowledge gained in the
classroom and real-world applications in industries. SIWES aims to equip students with hands-
on experience, industry-specific skills, and workplace etiquette. Through this program, students
undergo a mandatory industrial training period ranging from three to six months, depending on
their course of study. SIWES plays a vital role in enhancing students' employability and
preparing them for the challenges of the professional world upon graduation.
Participating in SIWES not only enhances students' employability but also fosters industry-
relevant research and innovation. Through their involvement in industrial settings, students often
contribute fresh perspectives and ideas, which can lead to the development of innovative
solutions to real-world challenges.

Moreover, SIWES serves as a platform for collaboration between academia and industry,
promoting knowledge exchange and fostering partnerships that benefit both sectors.
BACKGROUND OF SIWES
There was a great concern among our industry before the establishment of the scheme that
graduates of our institutor of higher learning lacked adequate practical background, student
preparatory for employment in industries. Thus, the employers were of the opinion that the
theoretical education going in higher institution was not responsible to the need employers of
labour.

It is against this background that the rationale for initiating and designing the scheme by fund
during its formative years 1973-1974 was introduced acquaint students with the skill of handling
employer's equipment and machinery. ITF solely funded the scheme during its formative year.
But as financial involvement become unbearable to the fund, it withdraws from the scheme in
1978. The Federal Government handed over the scheme in 1979 to both the National University
Commission (NUC) and the National Board For Technical Education (NBTE). Later the Federal
Government in 1984 reverted the management and in implementing.
1.1. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF SIWES
The primary aim of the Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is to bridge the
gap between theoretical knowledge acquired in the classroom and practical skills required in the
workplace. Specifically, the aims and objectives of SIWES include:
1. Bridging the Gap: SIWES aims to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge acquired
in academic institutions and practical skills required in the workplace by providing
students with hands-on experience.
2. Enhancing Employability: SIWES seeks to enhance students' employability by
equipping them with industry-specific skills, experience, and professional valued by
employers.
3. Promoting Industry-Academia Collaboration: SIWES fosters collaboration between
educational institutions and industries, promoting knowledge exchange, research
partnerships, and technology transfer.
4. Developing Professional Skills: SIWES aims to develop students' professional skills,
including problem-solving abilities, teamwork, communication skills, and work ethics,
essential for success in the workplace.
5. Facilitating Career Exploration: SIWES provides students with the opportunity to explore
different career paths, gain insights into various industries, and make informed decisions
about their future careers.
6. Encouraging Innovation: SIWES encourages innovation by providing students with
exposure to real-world challenges and opportunities to apply their knowledge creatively
to solve problems in industrial settings.
7. Contributing to National Development: SIWES contributes to the development of the
nation's human capital by preparing students for the demands of the workforce and
supporting economic growth through skilled labor and innovation.
a. ORGANIZATIONS INVLOVED IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SIWES
Federal government and her agencies - Industrial Training fund (ITF) as the apex regulating
body while National University Commission (NUC), National Board for Technical Education
(NBTE) and National Council for Colleges of Education (NCCE) are supervising agencies.
The success of the SIWES depends on the efficiency of the ministries. ITF. Institution.
Employers of Labour and the general public involved in articulation and management of the
program. Thus the evaluation and the re-evaluation of the SIWES program is very necessary in
the tertiary institutions in order to continue meeting the goals of the scheme.
 CHAPTER TWO

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE ORGANISATION

The name of the organization where I did my siwes is I.D Automobile and diagnostic company.
It was established in the year 2008. The Auto mobile and diagnostic allows you to detect
problems before they became disastrous and costly, saving you time and money. Detecting errors
early ensures the vehicle is safe, which can potentially save your life. For example, Auto
diagnostic tell you when your brakes need replacement before they fail on the road.

Here are some aspects of the Work and Maintenance in Automobile and diagnostic company:

1. Perform basic care and maintenance, including changing oil, checking fluid levels, and
rotating tires. Repair or replace worn parts, such as brake pads, wheel bearings, and sensors.
Perform repairs to manufacturer and customer specifications. Explain automotive problems and
repairs to clients

2. A diagnostic check is a process of checking a vehicle's systems and components to help

identify issues and rectify them. Modern vehicles are equipped with extensive computer
networks that can provide information on the engine, brakes, and other related systems.

3. Maintenance workers, also known as repair workers, fix and maintain mechanical equipment,
buildings, and machines. Tasks include plumbing work, painting, flooring repair and upkeep,
electrical repairs and heating and air conditioning system maintenance.

Therefore, The automotive industry comprises a wide range of companies and organizations
involved in the design, development, manufacturing, marketing, selling, repairing, and
modification of motor vehicles.
 CHAPTER THREE

WORK EXPERIENCE IN SIWES

3.0 THE COOLING SYSTEM AND SERVICE

The cooling system in a vehicle is designed to regulate the temperature of the engine and prevent
it from overheating. It consists of several components:

1. Radiator: A heat exchanger that transfers heat from the engine coolant to the surrounding air,
cooling it down.
2. Fan belt: It is responsible for driving the cooling fan(s) that help regulate the temperature of
the radiator and engine.
3. Coolant: A mixture of water and antifreeze that circulates through the engine and absorbs
heat before passing through the radiator.
4. Water Pump: Circulates the coolant through the engine and radiator, maintaining proper
coolant flow.
5. Thermostat: Regulates the flow of coolant to maintain optimal engine operating temperature.
6. Cooling fans: Electric fans that help cool the radiator by drawing air through it, especially
during lowspeed or stationary operation.
7. Hoses and pipes: Transport coolant between the engine, radiator, and other cooling system
components.
8. Expansion tank: Allows for expansion and contraction of coolant as it heat.
 Fig. 3.0. A detailed diagram of a cooling system

Together, these components work to maintain the engine at an optimal operating temperature,
ensuring efficient performance and preventing damage from overheating.

3.1 THE RADIATOR

Fig. 3.1. Detailed diagram a radiator

An automobile radiator is a crucial component of the vehicle's cooling system. It's typically
located at the front of the engine compartment and is responsible for dissipating heat generated
by the engine.

3.1.1 WORKING PRINCIPLE

1. Heat Dissipation: As the engine operates, it generates a significant amount of heat. The
radiator's primary function is to transfer this heat away from the engine.
2. Coolant Circulation: Coolant, a mixture of water and antifreeze, circulates through the
engine and absorbs heat. It then flows into the radiator.
3. Heat Exchange: Inside the radiator, the coolant passes through thin tubes or fins. As air
passes through these tubes or fins, it absorbs heat from the coolant, cooling it down.
4. Coolant Return: The cooled coolant then returns to the engine to absorb more heat,
completing the cooling cycle.

3.1.2 KEY COMPONENTS OF AN AUTOMOBILE RADIATOR

 Core: The core is the central part of the radiator where heat exchange occurs. It consists of
many small tubes or fins through which coolant flows.
 Tanks: These are located on either side of the core and serve as reservoirs for coolant.
 Inlet and Outlet: Coolant enters the radiator through the inlet and exits through the outlet
after heat exchange.
 Radiator Cap: The cap maintains system pressure, allowing the coolant to reach higher
temperatures without boiling.
 Cooling Fans: In some vehicles, electric cooling fans are mounted behind the radiator to
enhance airflow, especially during low speed or stationary operation.

3.1.3 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF A RADIATOR

Removal:

 I disconnected the negative terminal of the battery to prevent electrical accidents.

 I drained the coolant by opening the drain valve located at the bottom of the radiator and
collecting the coolant in a drain pan.
 I disconnected the upper and lower radiator hoses from the radiator. I used hose clamp pliers
to loosen the hose clamps and carefully detach the hoses.
 I removed the radiator fan assembly.
 I disconnected any electrical connectors or sensors attached to the radiator or fan assembly.
 I removed any mounting brackets or bolts securing the radiator in place.
 I carefully lifted the radiator out of the vehicle, taking care not to damage any surrounding
components.

Installation:

 I positioned the new radiator in place, aligning it with the mounting brackets.
 I reattached any mounting brackets or bolts to secure the radiator in place.
 I reinstalled the radiator fan assembly, ensuring it is securely fastened.
 I reconnected any electrical connectors or sensors attached to the radiator or fan assembly.
 I reattached the upper and lower radiator hoses, ensuring they are securely clamped in place.
 I refilled the radiator with coolant, following the manufacturer's recommendations for the
correct type and mixture.
 I reconnected the negative terminal of the battery.
 I started the engine and check for any leaks or abnormalities.
 I disposed off the old coolant properly and safely.

Precautions:

 I allowed the engine to cool down before working on the radiator.

 I disconnected the battery to prevent any electrical accidents.
 I ensured to handle the components safely.
 I ensured that there were no leaks after installation.

3.2 THE FAN BELT

The fan belt, also known as a drive belt or serpentine belt, is a crucial component of the engine
cooling system. It is responsible for driving the cooling fan(s) that help regulate the temperature
of the radiator and engine. In some vehicles, the fan belt also drives other accessories such as the
alternator, power steering pump, and air conditioning compressor.

The fan belt is typically made of rubber and reinforced with cords to provide strength and
flexibility. It connects the engine's crankshaft pulley to the pulley on the cooling fan(s). As the
engine rotates, the fan belt transfers power from the engine to the cooling fan(s), causing them to
spin and draw air through the radiator to dissipate heat.

A properly functioning fan belt is essential for maintaining proper engine cooling and preventing
overheating. If the fan belt becomes worn, damaged, or loose, it can lead to engine overheating
and potential damage to the cooling system. Regular inspection and maintenance of the fan belt
are important to ensure optimal performance and prevent issues.
 Fig. 2.2. A detailed diagram of a fan belt

3.2.1 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Removal:

 I located the pulley that adjusts the tension of the belt which usually has a square hole in it.
 I used a tool like a wrench or ratchet to turn the tensioner pulley counterclockwise. This
releases tension on the belt.
 I slipped the belt off one of the smooth pulleys while keeping the tensioner pulley released.
 Once the belt is off, I slowly let go of the tensioner pulley and removed the belt from the
engine.

Installation:

 I used the tool to turn the tensioner pulley counter clockwise again to release tension on the
new belt.
 I put the new belt around all the pulleys according to the diagram, making sure it's properly
seated.
 I slowly released the tensioner pulley, allowing it to tighten the belt.
 I checked that the belt is on all the pulleys correctly and running smoothly.
 I started the engine and watch the belt to make sure it's working properly.
 I adjusted the tensioner to get the right amount of tension on the belt.
Precautions:

 I ensured the engine is off and cool before starting work to avoid burns or accidents.
 I disconnected the negative terminal of the battery to prevent electrical mishaps.
 I ensured to check the condition of the belt and pulleys for any signs of wear, damage or
misalignment before removal.
 I ensured to use the correct tools to release the tension on the belt
 I ensured to handle the new belt carefully to avoid twisting it to prevent immature wear.

3.3 THE SUSPENSION SYSTEM AND SERVICES

The suspension system in a vehicle is a crucial component responsible for providing a smooth
ride by absorbing shocks from the road surface. It consists of various parts including springs,
shock absorbers, struts, control arms, and sway bars. Springs, such as coil springs or leaf springs,
support the vehicle's weight and absorb bumps, while shock absorbers dampen the oscillations
caused by these movements. Struts are a type of shock absorber that also provide structural
support, typically found in the front suspension. Control arms connect the suspension to the
vehicle's frame, allowing for controlled movement, while sway bars reduce body roll during
cornering. These components work together to ensure stability, handling, and comfort while
driving.

3.4 SHOCK ABSORBER

A shock absorber, also known as a damper, is a crucial component of a vehicle's suspension

system. Its primary function is to control the movement of the suspension springs and dampen
the oscillations caused by bumps, potholes, and other irregularities in the road surface.

Fig. 3.4 Diagram of component parts of a shock absorber

3.4.1 WORKING PRINCIPLE

 Compression: When a wheel encounters a bump or uneven surface, the spring compresses,
storing energy. The shock absorber helps control this movement by resisting the
compression, converting some of the kinetic energy into heat.
 Rebound: As the wheel moves back up after compressing, the shock absorber extends,
slowing down the spring's upward movement. This prevents the vehicle from bouncing
excessively and helps maintain tire contact with the road.
 Fluid Damping: Most shock absorbers contain a piston that moves through a hydraulic fluid
inside a cylinder. The resistance generated by the fluid as it flows through small orifices in
the piston provides the damping force. This fluid damping mechanism controls the rate at
which the shock absorber compresses and extends, thereby regulating the motion of the
suspension.

3.4.2 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Removal:

1. I loosened the lug nuts in the wheel in a star pattern to even the pressure.
2. I lifted the vehicle using a jack to lift the vehicle off the ground and support it securely with
jack stands.
3. I completely removed the lug nuts in the wheel and kept them aside in a safe place, then I
removed the wheel completely.
4. I accessed the shock absorber and disconnected it from the linkage to access the absorber’s
mounting bolts
5. I located the upper and lower mounting bolts that secured the absorber to the vehicle's
suspension. I loosened and removed the bolts and kept them in a safe place.

Installation:

1. I inspected the shock absorber before installing to check for defects.

2. I installed the absorber into the mounting positions, aligning the upper and lower mounting
holes with the corresponding holes in the suspension components.
3. I inserted and tightened the bolts for the absorber , starting with the upper bolts before the
lower bolts.
4. I checked for the proper alignment of the vehicle.

Precautions:

1. I ensured to wear the appropriate safety gears.

2. I ensured to release the tension on the suspension system before working on it
3. I ensured to inspect the surrounding components such as springs, linkage for any signs of
damage before proceeding.
4. I ensured to use the proper tools suitable for the operation.
5. I ensured to support the suspension by using a supporting device such as Jack.

3.5 THE BRAKING SYSTEM

The braking system in a vehicle is a complex system designed to slow down or stop the vehicle
safely. It typically includes components such as brake pads, rotors or drums, callipers or wheel
cylinders, brake lines, and a master cylinder. When you press the brake pedal, hydraulic pressure
is transmitted through the brake lines, causing the brake pads or shoes to press against the rotors
or drums, creating friction and slowing down the vehicle

3.5.1 THE BRAKE PAD

Brake pads are essential components of a vehicle's braking system, providing the friction needed
to slow down or stop the vehicle when the brake pedal is pressed. Over time, brake pads wear
down and need to be replaced to maintain optimal braking performance and safety. It's important
to regularly inspect and replace brake pads as needed to ensure safe driving conditions.

Fig. 3.5.1. Diagram of a brake pad

3.5.2 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Removal:

1. I loosened the lug nuts in the wheel in a star pattern to even the pressure.
2. I lifted the vehicle using a jack to lift the vehicle off the ground and support it securely with
jack stands.
3. I completely removed the lug nuts in the wheel and kept them aside in a safe place, then I
removed the wheel completely.
4. I located the brake calliper assembly and loosened the bolts holding the callipers in place.
Then I carefully lifted the calliper away from the rotor.
5. I accessed the old brake pads and slid them out of their slots in the calliper bracket.
6. I inspected the brake components for wear and damage.

Installation:

1. I compressed the brake calliper back into its housing using a brake calliper tool.
2. I installed new brake pads into the calliper bracket and made sure they are seated properly.
3. I carefully positioned the calliper back over the brake pads and rotors.
4. I put the wheels back on the vehicle and tightened the lug nuts.
5. I lowered the vehicle back to the ground using the jack.
6. I tightened the lug nuts in a star pattern to ensure even tightening.
7. I tested the brakes by pumping the brake pedal a few times to seat the pads against the rotor.

3.6 OIL SERVICES

Oil services refer to the maintenance tasks related to the engine's lubrication system, primarily
changing the engine oil and oil filter. These services are essential for keeping the engine running
smoothly and efficiently.

During an oil service, the following tasks are typically performed:

1. Oil Change: Draining the old engine oil and replacing it with fresh, clean oil of the
appropriate grade and viscosity.
2. Oil Filter Replacement: Removing the old oil filter and installing a new one to ensure
efficient filtration of contaminants from the engine oil.
3. Visual Inspection: Checking for any signs of oil leaks, damage to the oil pan or filter
housing, and assessing the overall condition of the engine.
4. Fluid Top-Up: Checking and topping up other vital fluids like coolant, brake fluid, power
steering fluid, and windshield washer fluid as needed.
5. Resetting Maintenance Indicator: resetting the maintenance indicator light on the vehicle's
dashboard.

3.6.1 OIL FILTER

The oil filter is a vital component in a vehicle's engine system, responsible for removing
contaminants and impurities from the engine oil to ensure smooth operation and longevity of the
engine.

3.6.2REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

Removal:

1. I allowed engine is cool or slightly warm to avoid burns from hot oil.
2. I located the oil filter near the engine block.
3. I loosened the oil filter using an oil filter wrench and collected the oil inside a container
4. I then removed the oil filter from its position.

Installation:

1. I lightly coated the rubber gasket on the top of the filter with fresh engine oil before installing
the new oil filter to help create a good seal and easier to remove during the next oil change.
2. I screwed the new oil filter onto the filter housing by hand until the gasket makes contact and
then tightened it. I made sure not to overtighten, as this can damage the gasket and cause
leaks.
3. I wiped off any excess oil around the filter and ensure it's securely in place.
4. I refilled the engine with the appropriate amount and grade of engine oil.
 CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 CONCLUSION
The SIWES report was undertaken at I.D AUTOMOBILE DIAGNOSSTIC COMPANY,
MECHANICAL VILLAGE, IYANA ITIRE, LAGOS STATE. The SIWES program in
the engineering field is a brilliant idea as it has helped me and has offered me the
exposure to practical aspect of the automobile engineering and also giving me the ability
to apply the knowledge gained from the theoretical aspect in the class room to the
practical aspect.
I was involved in the in the repair and replacement of so many parts in different car
brands. I also became familiar with the use of modern tools and equipments as well as
their working principle.
The program opened my eyes to life as a working class individual, human relationship
and work environment. Overall, I learnt how to access an automobile and use the
experience gained in the program to detect faults and offer solution.

4.1 RECOMMENDATION