作文词伙积累

引出观点类
I completely agree with the idea that
I believe that...(instead,相反 翻译成相反我认为...)
I agree that..., but I also think that
To a certain extent I agree that... but I also think that...
I agree with this to some extent, but…
From my point of view,
There are various reasons why offenders repeatedly break the law,but governments
could certainly take steps to address this issues.
第二段引入
There are several reasons why...
总结观点类
In conclusion, my view is that
To summarise,
转折
In contrast, 相反
Eg：In contrast, in cases where they have free access to education, they will
possibly take it for granted and fail their exams from time to time.
Conversely,相反的
Nevertheless/however/nonetheless/though/although/while/yet/in spite of/all the
same/whereas
承接
Another benefit of ...
On the other hand,(转折，用于正反说明,用于 agree or disagree）
小作文引入
The graphs provide information about.
介绍段谓语动词
Indicate illustrate show present give describe depict reveal
数据
Figure statistic data
图表
flowchart 流程图 pie chart bar chart line chart table graph 多指曲线图
diagram 各种图
占比
1. Volunteers constitute nearly half of the work force of the health care sector.
2. While Asians account for 11 per cent of the American population, Hispanics
constitute 8 per cent.Afro-Americans account for 13% of the US population
3. Women make up 52 per cent of the population of Britain.
4. Landfill is composed of 36% municipal waste, 24% commercial and industrial
waste and 40% construction waste.

上升和下降(失业率、犯罪率、肥胖症等应避免使用正面词汇,如 important, significant）

1. The proportion of the people who were divorced went up from 2.5% in 1981 to
7.5% in 1991, rising further to 8% in 2001.
2. The crop yields worldwide in 1990 were 15% up on those of 1985.
3. The number of shoppers during the Christmas period plunged by up to 23 per cent
since then on.
4. After five years of steady decline, the high-school drop-out rate started to rise.
5. Oil consumption grew steadily from 1980 to 2000, apart from in 1990, when there
was a drop of 5 percent.
6. House prices fell as much as 40% between 1980 and 1985, compared with the
period 1986 to 1990, when prices roughly doubled.
7. Arable land was being lost at the rate of over 38 thousand square miles per year
throughout the 1980s.
8. Exports topped (超过，高于) $ 10 billion in 2006, with those to Asia Pacific in excess of
$2 billion.
9. The smoking rate in young girls was on the rise, similar to that among adult
women.
10. Motorcycle casualties（意外事故） were in decline, down from a total of 54,037 in
1995 to 38,090 in 2000.
11. Gender equality would lead to 13.4 million fewer homeless children, a 13%
reduction.
12. The number of married couples showed a significant decline, accounting for
50.7% of the adult population, compared with 68% in 1971.
13. The smaller gap between movie-goers and television viewers reflected a 5% drop
in the number of people who go to the cinema and a 1.2% increase in those who
enjoy watching TV at home.
14.Student enrollments have increased significantly to 5 million.
15.There was a rapid increase in the divorce rate during the period of June, 2000 to
June, 2005
soar(猛增)slump（暴跌）
时间
1. Since then, growth had started to accelerate, up to 3 per cent on average annually
between 1995 and 2000.
2. Consumer spending rose 0.5% in November after an increase of 0.3% a month
earlier.
3. From the 1970s onwards, the volume of exports underwent a period of growth.
4. For twenty years or so, there was an upward trend in the number of deaths
caused by heart disease.
5. Someone who starts smoking aged 15 is three times more likely to die of cancer
due to smoking than someone who starts in late 20s.

倍数
1. Rent as a percentage of the household expenditure more than doubled between
1974 and 1998, from 5% to 12%.
2. Britons were twice as likely to die from heart attack as Italians and three times as
Chinese.
3. Women working as child minders in the under-35 age group in 1995 were almost
twice as many as in 1990.
4. Television was twice as popular as washing machine in 1999, with close to 10 per
cent of households owning one TV set at home.
5. Young people used the Internet more than three times as often as the general
population in 1999.
6. The study found that people who earned more than $100,000 received nearly 50%
more junk mails than lower earners.
7. It is also found that those on higher incomes lost on average four times more
money than other victims in property-related crime.
8. China’s agricultural trade deficit against US jumped 1.5 times to $35 billion over
the five-year period.

读数据
1. A quarter of the customers were African origin.
2. Some(大约) 700 migrants arrived to live in Australia every week in 2005.
3. With an estimated 100 million international migrants worldwide, the proportion
of people living outside their country of birth approached 2 per cent of the world’s
population in 2002.
4. Americans spent a total of $12.5 billion on gifts in 2005 alone, with $6.5 billion of
that on toys.
5. An aggregate(总计) of 40,000 households bought new vehicles, three times more
than the number in 2004.

排列、比较
1. Japan led other countries in life expectancy (81.2 years); Australia and Canada
followed behind, 80.55 years and 80.2 years respectively.
2. The latest figures show that China has come second in terms of GDP, following the
lead of the United States and narrowly beating Japan into third place.
3. The US ranked in the world’s top five as a car manufacturer in 1985, but slipped
to seventh in 1990 and plummeted to tenth in 1995.
4. China overtook America in 1999 and became the largest export country.
5. Women were more likely to be part-time workers throughout the 1990s, with
more than two out of five women working part-time, compared with one in ten
men.

平稳、波动
1. The population reached a plateau( 平 稳 状 态 ) in 1990, before declining suddenly
in2001.
2. The annual population growth rate fluctuated between 1% and 2% during the ten-
year period.
3. In spite of a growth in the working population, the unemployment rate was flat at
7.8%.
4. The output rose and fell within a narrow range between 41.2 million tons and
51.2 million tons.
5. The mobile phone owner growth remained constant and averaged, 1 per cent per
year in both the US and the UK up to 2003.

数据预测
The total US greenhouse gas emissions are projected to increase by 43% from 2000
to 2020.
It is predicted that the number of people committing violent crime is likely to rise by
the end of 2020.
程度副词
Extremely 非常 completely 完全的彻底的
gently, suddenly, rapidly, quickly, dramatically, significantly, sharply, steeply, steadily,
stably, smoothly, consistently, continually, gradually, slowly, slightly, maximally,
minimally, comparatively（稍微，有点）
同义词
public servants= politicians.
好词好句
Vanity 虚荣的
be lifted out of poverty or given a better quality of life.
free of charge
Take( this educational opportunity) seriously.
complete a degree 完成学业
make a conscious effort to 有意识地
lighten the burden on 减轻负担
take it for granted 认为...理所应当
illiteracy 文盲
subsidies 补贴
be exempted from 免于
Incentive 激励
prospects.展望，可能性
close the gap (缩小差距）between
the abolition （废除） of tuition
Indispensable 不可或缺
Unable to distinguish between right and wrong,无法辨别是非
are really detrimental to 对...有害
accept it as the normal way
Economically efficient 省钱 it is ~to have people living together.
Sanitation 卫生条件
Industrialization 工业化
Self-reliance=independence
A very close positive relationship 正相关
Revitalize the industry 使工业恢复生机
饼 状 图 写 法 Next to it are some healthy ways to travel,including travelling by
bus ,subway,electric car and bicycle,which take up 28%,18%,3%and1% respectively.
The property crime rate in non-metropolitan counties was relatively low（比较的，相对的）
While Motorola’s share of the global handset market rose to 20.6% from 18.7%,
Samsung Electronics’ share fell to 12.2% from 12.5% in 2005.
Notebooks represented the fastest-growing segment of the worldwide PC market,
accounting for 40% of all PC units sold in 2004, compared with 18% in 2003.
Young populations had a high-than-average smoking rate,followed by the mid-aged.
有价值的 valuable
Built self confidence and enhance skills
There are more benefits than drawbacks=the advantages of do outweigh the
disadvantage.
Although there will undoubtedly be some negative consequences of this
trend,societies can take steps to mitigate this problems
I would believe= i would argue that
观点还可以用假设的方式出现

学生与老师

Earn/gain student’s