BAM 069: Business Research

Students Activity Sheet #24

Name: ____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule:______________________________________ Date: ______________

Lesson title: Preparing Research Report and Presentation Materials:

FLM Student Activity Sheets
Lesson Objectives:
References:
1. Review how to write a report; and Flores, M. 2016 Methods of
2. Illustrate format of thesis/dissertation. Research in Business Education:
Unlimited Books Library Services
& Publishing Inc.
Almeida, et.al 2016 Research
Fundamentals From Concept to
Output: Adriana Publishing Co.,
Inc.

Look back. Learn from every week by looking back and

reviewing what you have accomplished. It will help you learn
better time management skills for the future and identify the
things that simply aren’t worth your attention any longer.

A. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
INTRODUCTION (2 mins)
Greetings! This session will give you advices and hints on how to write a research report, but
before with that read the preview as follows.

The key objective of the research report is to provide the audience with a clear, concise
interpretation of the research project. The research report is a culmination of the entire study and
therefore must communicate the systematic manner in which the study was designed and
implemented. The second objective of the report is to provide accurate, credible, and easy to
understand information to the readers. The end result of the report is its ability to act as reference
document to guide future researchers and serve as an information source to them.

One of the issues in the preparation of a research report is by knowing who will serve as
its audience. This is important because the content and style of the report will be affected by the
audience we are targeting.

The following is/are your target/s for today, keep them in mind as we go through today’s lesson.
1. I can review how to write a report; and
2. I can illustrate format of thesis/dissertation.

Activity 1: What I Know Chart Part 1 (3 minutes)

Hi! I know that you’re ready for today’s activity. Try to answer or give your opinion about the
questions/statement in the table by writing it in the What I Know column, and the third column is
left blank this time. You may use key words or phrases that you think are related to the questions.

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 BAM 069: Business Research
Students Activity Sheet #24

Name: ____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule:______________________________________ Date: ______________

What I Know Questions: What I learned (Activity 4)

What contains a research

report?

B. MAIN LESSON
Activity 2: Content Notes (13 minutes)
Read and comprehend the following concepts that follows. You may underline or highlight words
or phrases that you think is the main focus of the lesson.

The Research Written Report

Research Reports contain findings, analysis, interpretations, conclusions, and
recommendations. The researcher is the expert on the topic and knows the specifics in a way no
one else can. Because research report is an authoritative one – way communication, which
imposes a special obligation for maintaining objectivity. Even if the findings seem to point to an
action, the researcher should demonstrate restraint and caution when proposing the course.
For professional business research report, the four primary objectives are as follows:
1. to effectively communicate the findings of the research report;
2. to provide interpretations of the findings in the form of sound recommendations;
3. to illustrate credibility of the research report; and
4. to serve as future reference documents for strategic and tactical decisions.

The first and foremost objective of research is to effectively communicate the findings of
the research project. Since the primary purpose of the research project was to obtain information
that will answer specific questions in relation to specific business problem, the report must explain
both how the information was obtained and what relevance it has to the research question. But
practices suggest that a detailed descriptions of the following factors be communicated to the
client:
1. the specific research objectives;
2. the specific research questions the study was to answer;
3. specific procedural information relevant to the collection of secondary data;
4. a description of the research methods employed;
5. findings displayed in tables, graph, and charts
6. an accurate interpretation and summation of the findings;
7. conclusions based on data analysis; and
8. recommendations and suggestions for the implementation. (Hair, et.al, 2003)

A critical dimensions of the research report is to establish credibility of the research

methods, findings, and conclusions. This can be accomplished only if the report is accurate,
believable, and professionally organized. These three dimensions cannot be treated separately,
for they collectively operate to build credibility into the research document. For the report to be

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 BAM 069: Business Research
Students Activity Sheet #24

Name: ____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule:______________________________________ Date: ______________

accurate, all of the input must be accurate. No degree of carelessness in handling data, reporting
statistics or phrasing outcomes must be tolerated. Errors in mathematical calculations,
grammatical errors, and incorrect terminology are just few types of inaccuracy that can serve to
diminish the credibility of the entire report.
A clear logical thinking, precise expression and accurate presentation constitute
believability. When the underlying logic is fuzzy or the presentation imprecise, readers may have
different understanding what they read. In most instances, if readers do not understand what they
read, they may have notion that half of all respondent find the company’s store locations very
convenient. If the actual results deviate from this expectation, the researcher needs to explain the
results clearly, especially if they result from such type of error. Improper questions wording,
sampling bias, or non – response error may all be at work to create the discrepancy between the
client’s expectations and the findings.
The following advices are very helpful in developing the report:
1. Make an outline of all major points, with supporting details in their proper position
and sequence.
2. Always keep the reader informed of where the topical development of the report is
going.
3. Use short, concise sentences and paragraphs.
4. Always say exactly what you intend to say; don’t leave the reader “hanging” or
“grasping” for more information.
5. Always select wording that is consistent with the background and knowledge level
of the reader, and
6. Rewrite the report several times; this will force you to remove clutter and critically
evaluate the document for errors.

The fourth and final objectives of the research report is to maintain reference status. Once
it is fully completed, the research report will have a life of its own as a reference source. Most
research projects cover a variety of different objectives and seek to answer a multitude of research
questions. This is normally accomplished with large volumes of information in both statistical and
narrative formats. To retain all this information at any onetime is virtually responsible for the
clients. Consequently, the research report normally becomes a reference document that is cited
over an extended period of time.

Writing the Report

A well – presented study will often impress the reader more than study with greater
scientific quality but a weaker presentation. Reader – writing skills are especially valuable to the
junior executive or management trainee who aspires to rise in an organization. A well – written
study frequently enhances career prospects. Cooper and Schindler, 2003.

Pre – writing concerns – Before writing, one should ask again, “what is the purpose of
this report?” Responding to this question in one way to crystallize the problem.
The second prewriting question is, “Who will read the report?” thought should be given to
the needs, temperament, and biases of the audience. Researcher should not distort facts to meet
these needs and biases but should consider them while developing the presentation. Knowing

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 BAM 069: Business Research
Students Activity Sheet #24

Name: ____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule:______________________________________ Date: ______________

who will read the report may suggest its appropriate length. Generally, the higher the report goes
in an organization, the shorter it should be.
Another consideration is the technical background, the gap in the subject knowledge
between the reader and the writer. The greater the gap, the more difficult it is to convey the full
findings meaningfully and concisely.
The third prewriting question is, “What are the circumstances and limitation under which
you are writing?” Is the nature of the subject highly technical? Do you need statistics and charts?
What is the importance of the topic? A crucial subject justifies more effort than a minor one. What
should be the scope of the report? How much time is available? Deadlines often impose limitations
of the report.
Finally, the fourth previewing question is, “How will the report be used?” Try to visualize
the reader using the report. How can the information be made more convenient? How much effort
must be given in getting the attention and interest of the reader? Will the report be read by more
than one person? If so, how many copies should be made? What will be the distribution of the
report?

The Outline – Once the researcher has made the first analysis of the data, drawn tentative
conclusions, and completed statistical significance test, it is time to develop an outline. A useful
system employs the following organizations structures:

1. Major Topic Heading

A. Major Subtopic Heading
1. Subtopic
a. Minor Subtopic
(1) Further detail
(a) Even further detail

The most widely used styles of outlining are the topic outline and the sentence outline.
In the topic outline, a key word or two is used. The assumption is that the writer knows its
significance and will later remember the nature of the argument represented by that word or
phrase, or alternatively, the writer knows that a point should be made but it is not sure how to
make it.
The sentence outline expresses the essential thoughts associated with the specific topic.
This approach leaves less development work for later writing, other than elaboration and
explanation to improve readability. It has the obvious advantages of pushing the writer to make
decisions on what to include and how to say it. It is probably the best outlining style for the
inexperienced researcher because it divides the writing job into its two major components – what
to say and how to say it.

Writing the Draft – Once the outline is complete, decisions can be made on the placement
of graphics, tables, and charts. Each should be matched to a particular section in the outline. It is
helpful to make decisions before you first draft. While graphics might be added later or tables
changed into charts, it is helpful to make a first approximation of the graphics before beginning to
write.

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 BAM 069: Business Research
Students Activity Sheet #24

Name: ____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule:______________________________________ Date: ______________

Format of Thesis/Dissertation

I. Front Matter
Title Page
Approval Sheet
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of Contents
List of Tables/Figures

II. Body or Text

Chapter 1 – THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction
Background/Locale of the Study
Theoretical/Conceptual Framework of the Study
Statement of the Problem
Assumption/Hypothesis
Significance of the Study
Scope and Limitation of the Study
Definition of Terms

Chapter 2 – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Related Literature
Foreign Literature
Local Literature
Related Studies
Foreign Studies
Local Studies
Synthesis

Chapter 3 – METHODS AND PROCEDURE

Research Method
Sampling Design
Instrumentation
Data Gathering Procedure
Statistical Treatment of Data

Chapter 4 – PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Presentation of data in textual, tabular and/or graphic forms

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 BAM 069: Business Research
Students Activity Sheet #24

Name: ____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule:______________________________________ Date: ______________

Analysis of data (descriptive or qualitative) and/or (statistical or quantitative)

according to the requirements of the hypothesis

Interpretation of data. It describes patterns of relationship between and among

variables being investigated. It explains the findings in the light of relevant theories
and concepts from the theoretical framework. Implications/Discussion about the
findings should be made separate part of the text.

Chapter 5 – SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary of Findings
Conclusions
Recommendations

III. Back Matter

BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES

Activity 3: Skill Building Activities (18 minutes)

It’s time to do your best on accomplishing the following activities. Enjoy☺.
Answer the following questions in at least three sentences each.
1. Why do you need to be reminded of the considerations before writing a research report
repeatedly?

2. Which among the advices given would you take with deep sense? Why?

3. How does a good report presentation add luster to both the research and the reputation
of the researcher.

4. Explain how a research report should be clearly organized, physically inviting, and easy
to read. As a researcher or writer, how can you communicate your research findings
skillfully and clearly?

Activity 4: What I Know Chart Part 2 (2mins)

This time you have to fill out the What I Learned column in Activity 1 Part 1.

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

 BAM 069: Business Research
Students Activity Sheet #24

Name: ____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule:______________________________________ Date: ______________

Activity 5: Check for Understanding (5 mins)

For the last set of activity, answer the question/s that follows.

What should you do to each of these?

a. Putting information in research report concerning the studies limitations;
b. The size and complexity of tables in a research report;
c. The physical presentation of the report.

C. LESSON WRAP-UP
Activity 6: Thinking about Learning (5 mins)
A. Work Tracker
You are done with this session! Let’s track your progress. Shade the session number you just
completed.

B. Think About Learning

Go back to the target/s. Track yourself if you’re able to reach today’s target by answering the
questions that follows.
1. What did you learn from today’s lesson?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2. Write interesting fact/s you found from today’s lesson.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

FAQs
Are there any other format of research article and/or paper?
Yes. Research articles present original research findings based on clearly stated hypothesis or
stated questions. The use of passive voice is suggested to be used in scholarly paper. Papers
should provide new approaches and insights into the problems previously cited. All manuscripts
should be word – processed and may be sent to publisher by e – mail in PDF format.
The manuscript may be presented using the IMRaD format, I for Introduction, M for Methods, R

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 BAM 069: Business Research
Students Activity Sheet #24

Name: ____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule:______________________________________ Date: ______________

for Results, and D for Discussion, besides the title page, background, abstracts and reference.
The information that follows were taken in part from biotechnology article. (retrieved 10/22/2014)

Job well done! You’ve finished today’s activity. The activities will be assess with your teacher and/or
facilitator during your class sessions.

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