Danfos DS
Danfos DS
Scroll compressors
DSF090 to DSF530
www.danfoss.com
Scroll compressors, DSF090 to DSF530 | Contents
Contents
Introduction 6
Product description 6
Cut Away DSF090-200 6
Cut away DSF 270-530 7
How do IDVs work? 7
Product identification 8
Name Plate 8
Nomenclature 8
Compressors serial number 9
Refrigerants 11
General information 11
R32 11
Technical specification 12
50-60 Hz data, Single compressor 12
Performance data 13
R32 50-60 Hz, Single compressor 13
Tandem and trio performances 13
Dimensions 18
Single compressors 18
Tandem assemblies 19
Trio assemblies 20
Mechanical connections 22
Connection details 22
Design compressor mounting 22
Design piping 26
Electrical connections 33
Wiring connections 33
Electrical specifications 35
Application 41
Manage oil in the circuit 41
Manage sound and vibration 41
Manage operating envelope 42
Manage superheat 44
Manage off cycle migration 46
Power supply and electrical protection 49
Control logic 52
Reduce moisture in the system 53
Assembly line procedure 54
Commissioning 57
Dismantle and disposal 58
Packaging 59
Single pack 59
Industrial pack 59
Ordering 60
Compressor code numbers 60
Single pack 60
Industrial pack 60
Online support 66
Danfoss compressors are designed and manufactured according to the state of the art and to valid European and US
regulations. Particular emphasis has been placed on safety and reliability. Related instructions are highlighted with
the following icons:
The purpose of this guideline is to help customers qualify compressors in the unit. You are strongly advise to follow
these instructions. For any deviation from the guidelines, please contact Danfoss Technical Support. In any case,
Danfoss accepts no liability as a result of the improper integration of the compressor into the unit by the system
manufacturer.
Introduction
Product description
DSF series scroll compressor benefit from an improved design to achieve the highest efficiency and increased life
time.
6
CC-000005
Danfoss Intermediate Discharge Valves (IDVs) are located close to the discharge side of the compressor. They reduce
excessive compression of refrigerant under part-load conditions while maintaining the same cooling capacity. The
IDVs open when discharge pressure falls below the built-in optimization point. They adapt the effort of the motor to
the varying load and pressure conditions in the system, thus reducing the effort of the motor and its electrical
consumption and improving the system’s seasonal energy efficiency.
Product identification
Name Plate
Figure 4: Name Plate
1 Model number
Nomenclature
Danfoss scroll compressor DSF for R32 is available as single compressor and can be assembled in tandem or trio
combinations. The example below presents the compressor nomenclature which equals the technical reference as
shown on the compressor nameplate. Code numbers for ordering are listed in section Ordering.
DSF 530 A 4 AB A
Family, lubricant
& refrigerant Evolution index
DSF: Scroll, POE lubricant, A~Z
R32
Motor protection
Nominal capacity A: Electronic module, 24 V AC,
in thousand Btu/h at 60 Hz B: Electronic module, 110 – 240 V,
ARI conditions L : Internal overload protector
Motor index
A B 25 12345678
Year code 8 Digit serial number
Month code
DSF scroll compressors comply with the following approvals and certificates.
Certificates are listed on: Documentation for Commercial Compressor | Danfoss
Refrigerants
General information
When choosing a refrigerant, different aspects must be taken into consideration:
• Legislation (now and in the future)
• Safety
• Application envelope in relation to expected running conditions
• Compressor capacity and efficiency
• Compressor manufacturer recommendations & guidelines
R32
R32 is a pure HFC refrigerant with a zero Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP=0) and a low Global Warming Potential
(GWP: 677/AR5; 675/AR4).
R32 leads to higher discharge temperatures than R410A but it offers higher cooling capacities and better efficiencies
compared to R410A.
R32 is classified A2L with low flammability properties. Please refer to European regulations and directives about the
use of refrigerant of the A2L safety group (EN378, EN60335). Outside Europe refer to the local regulation
Technical specification
(1)
Displacement at nominal speed: 2900 rpm at 50 Hz
(2)
Displacement at nominal speed : 3500 rpm at 60 Hz
(3)
Net weight with oil charge
Performance data
NOTE:
TR: Ton of Refrigeration,
COP: Coefficient Of Performance
EER: Energy Efficiency Ratio
Standard rating conditions for 50Hz: Evaporating temperature: 5°C (41°F), Condensing temperature: 50°C (122°F),
Superheat: 10K (18°F), Subcooling: 0K (0°F)
Standard rating conditions for 60Hz: Evaporating temperature: 7.2°C (45°F), Condensing temperature: 54.4°C (130°F),
Superheat: 11.1K (20°F), Subcooling: 8.3K (15°F)
Typical sounds and vibrations in systems can be broken down into the following three categories:
• Sound radiation (through air)
• Mechanical vibrations (through parts and structure)
• Gas pulsation (through refrigerant)
The following sections focus on the causes and methods of mitigation for each of the above sources.
NOTE:
Sound power and attenuation are given at ARI conditions, measured in free space.
LGLOBAL = Li + 10 Log10 n
DSF810T = 3 × DSF270
LDSF270 = 83dB(A)
The global sound level of “n” different compressors with respectively Li sound level is:
i = n
LGLOBAL = 10 log10 (∑ 100.1 ′ Li)
i = 1
DSF1180T = DSF325+DSF325+DSF530
Mechanical vibrations
A compressor generates some vibrations that propagate into the surrounding parts and structure. The vibration
level of a DSF compressor alone does not exceed 120 µm peak to peak for DSF090 to DSF200, and 154um peak to
peak for DSF270 to DSF530.. However, when system structure natural frequencies are close to running frequency,
vibrations are amplified due to resonance phenomenon.
A high vibration level is damageable for piping reliability and generates high sound levels.
The Operating envelope data for DSF scroll compressors guarantees reliable operations of the compressor for
steady-state operation.
Steady-state operation envelope is valid for a suction superheat within 5K to 10K range at nominal Voltage.
Operating envelope
Figure 5: Operating envelope R32 DSF090 to DSF130
Evaporating temperature (°F)
-31 -22 -13 -4 5 14 23 32 41 50 59 68 77 86
70 158
65 149
60 140
55 131
Condensing temperature (°C)
Pressure settings
Table 10: Pressure settings
Pressure settings R32
bar(g) 10 – 43
Working range high side
psig 145 – 624
bar(g) 1.7 – 15.9
Working range low side
psig 25 – 231
bar(g) 44.4
Maximum high pressure safety switch setting
psig 645
bar(g) 1.5
Minimum low pressure safety switch setting
psig 22
bar(g) 1.5 bar below nominal evap. pressure with minimum of 1.7 bar(g)
Minimum low pressure pump-down switch setting
psig 22 psi below nominal evap. pressure with minimum of 25 psig
Depending on application operating envelope, you must define HP and LP limits within operating envelope and
pressure setting table above.
Dimensions
Single compressors
Figure 8: Outline drawing number 1 Figure 9: Outline drawing number 2 Figure 10: Outline drawing number 3
CC-000055
8556208
8556199
ØD ØD
ØD
H
H H
H2
H2 H2
H1
H1 H1
L3
190.5mm
Ø19.05mm (7.5 inch)
(0.75 inch) 30° L2 L2
190.5mm
(7.5 inch)
L1
L2 L3 L3
L1 L1
30°
(1)
DSF115-130
Tandem assemblies
Figure 11: Outline drawing number 1 Figure 12: Outline drawing number 2 Figure 13: Outline drawing number 3
L1
H1 L1 H L1
H
H H1 H1
L L
L
D D D
8556228
8556222
8556230
Figure 14: Outline drawing number 4 Figure 15: Outline drawing number 5
L1 L1 H1
H H1 H
L L
D D
CC-000056
8556223
NOTE:
Tandems to be achieved by assembly of individual compressors.
By convention, the last letter of tandems designation have been set to help to discern easily which type of manifold
we are considering.
U : Uneven tandem
E : Even tandem
X: Crossplatfom (medium-large) tandem
Trio assemblies
Figure 16: Outline drawing number 6 Figure 17: Outline drawing number 7
L1
L1
H1
H H1
H
L L
CC-000057
CC-000058
D D
Figure 18: Outline drawing number 8 Figure 19: Outline drawing number 9
8556217
8556216
L1 L1
H1 H H1
H
L L
NOTE:
Trio to be achieved by assembly of individual compressors.
Mechanical connections
Connection details
Table 14: Connection details
Connection Details DSF090-100 DSF115-200 DSF270-325 DSF485-530
Suction connection Brazed 1"1/8 Brazed 1"3/8 Brazed 1"5/8 Brazed 1"5/8
Discharge connection Brazed 7/8" Brazed 7/8" Brazed 1"1/8 Brazed 1"3/8
Oil drain connection None None Female ¼" Flare incorporating a Schrader valve
Low pressure gauge port (Shrader) Male ¼" Flare incorporating a Schrader valve
Outline drawing 1 1 2 2
Compressors used in parallel applications must be mounted with rigid spacers onto rails (or directly on rails
according to compressor models) and the manifold assembly must be mounted with flexible grommets onto the
frame.
During operation, the maximum inclination from the vertical plane must not exceed 3 degrees.
The grommets must be compressed until contact between the flat washer and the steel mounting sleeve is
established. The required bolt size for the DSF090-200 compressors is HM8-40. This bolt must be tightened to a
torque of 15Nm.
2 2 HM 8 bolt (4 pcs)
3 3 Lock washer (4 pcs)
4
4 Flat washer (4 pcs)
(0.59 Inch)
5 5 Steel mounting sleeve (4 pcs)
15 mm 6 Rubber grommet (4 pcs)
6
7 Nut (4 pcs)
The grommets must be compressed until contact between the flat washer and the steel mounting sleeve is
established. The required bolt size for the DSF compressors is HM8-55. This bolt must be tightened to a torque of 21
Nm.
Figure 23: Rubber grommets from kit 8156138 Figure 24: Rubber grommets
2
3 8
4
5
(1.08 inch)
27.5 mm
7
CC-0000001
1 CC-0049
The rigid mounting spacers are included in tandem accessory kits. The rubber grommets are supplied with
compressor.
For more details about parallel mounting feet, please see parallel unit outline drawing.
CC-000002
The rigid mounting spacers are included in tandem accessory kits. The rubber grommets are supplied with
compressor.
Figure 26: Smaller model of tandem Figure 27: Larger model of tandem
1
1
2
2
3
3
5 4
4
CC-000004
CC-000003
The rigid mounting spacers and rubber grommets are included in tandem accessory kits.
The DSF130, 175,200 compressor is fixed on beams by rigid spacer, and the beams are mounted with rigid spacers
on the rails. Rubber grommets and spacers must be installed below the rails.
Figure 28: DSF270-325 Figure 29: DSF130-175-200
1
6
2
7
3
5 5
CC-000010
CC-000011
3
CC-000012
Design piping
General requirements
Proper piping practices should be employed to:
1. Ensure adequate oil return, even under minimum load conditions (refrigerant speed, piping slopes…). For
validation tests see section Manage oil in the circuit.
2. Avoid condensed liquid refrigerant from draining back to the compressor when stopped (discharge piping
upper loop). For validation tests see section Manage off cycle migration.
3. Piping should be designed with adequate three-dimensional flexibility to avoid excess vibration. It should not be
in contact with the surrounding structure, unless a proper tubing mount has been installed. For more
information on noise and vibration, see section Sound and vibration data.
4
4 m*
1
2
3
HP 3
LP
The discharge line has no impact on oil balancing. It is shown with tee, to indicate that both left and right side
discharge headers are possible.
Suction and oil equalization piping drawings must be respected (diameters, minimum straight lengths, …).
By convention, the compressor order (No.1, No.2 ...) is defined counting from left to right, placed on the side facing
the electrical boxes of the compressors (see example below on a trio)
Figure 34: Example of right suction Figure 35: Example of left suction
Cp3 2
Cp1
Cp2 Cp2
Cp3 Cp1
CC-000035
1 CC-000036
Tandem models
Outline
Tandem Oil equali‐ Suction Washer in Tandem kit
Composition Suction Discharge drawing Washer inner diameter
model zation from suction of code no
number
Left
DSF230E DSF115+DSF115 1"5/8 1"3/8 1"1/8 8560145 Not needed 120Z0634
Right
Left 27mm (1.06 inch) Cp2
DSF230U DSF100+DSF130 1"5/8 1"3/8 1"1/8 8560189 120Z0694
Right 27mm (1.06 inch) Cp2
Left 23 mm (0.91 inch) Cp1
DSF255U DSF100+DSF155 1"5/8 1"3/8 1"1/8 8560189 120Z0694
Right 23 mm (0.91 inch) Cp1
Left
DSF260E DSF130+DSF130 1"5/8 1"3/8 1"1/8 8560145 Not needed 120Z0634
Right
Left 21 mm (0.83 inch) Cp1
DSF275U DSF100+DSF175 1"5/8 1"3/8 1"1/8 8560189 120Z0694
Right 21 mm (0.83 inch) Cp1
Left 27 mm (1.06 inch) Cp1
DSF285U DSF130+DSF155 1"5/8 1"3/8 1"1/8 8560168 120Z0692
Right 27 mm (1.06 inch) Cp1
Left 20 mm (0.79 inch) Cp1
DSF300U DSF100+DSF200 1"5/8 1"3/8 1"1/8 8560190 120Z0693
Right 20 mm (0.79 inch) Cp1
Left 25 mm (0.98 inch) Cp1
DSF305U DSF130+DSF175 1"5/8 1"3/8 1"1/8 8560168 120Z0692
Right 25 mm (0.98 inch) Cp1
Left
DSF310E DSF155+DSF155 1"5/8 1"3/8 1"1/8 8560145 Not needed 120Z0634
Right
Left 23 mm (0.91 inch) Cp1
DSF315U DSF115+DSF200 1"5/8 1"3/8 1"1/8 8560167 120Z0693
Right 23 mm (0.91 inch) Cp1
Left 27.5 mm (1.08 inch) Cp1
DSF330U DSF155+DSF175 1"5/8 1"3/8 1"1/8 8560168 120Z0692
Right 26 mm (1.02 inch) Cp1
Left 24 mm (0.94 inch) Cp1
DSF331U DSF130+DSF200 1"5/8 1"3/8 1"1/8 8560167 120Z0694
Right 24 mm (0.94 inch) Cp1
Left
DSF350E DSF175+DSF175 1"5/8 1"3/8 1"1/8 8560145 Not needed 120Z0634
Right
Left 25 mm (0.98 inch) Cp1
DSF355U DSF155+DSF200 1"5/8 1"3/8 1"1/8 8560167 120Z0694
Right 25 mm (0.98 inch) Cp1
Left 27.5 mm (1.08 inch) Cp1
DSF375U DSF175+DSF200 1"5/8 1"3/8 1"1/8 8560167 120Z0694
Right 27.5 mm (1.08 inch) Cp1
Left
DSF400E DSF200+DSF200 1"5/8 1"3/8 1"1/8 8560146 Not needed 120Z0634
Right
Left 24 mm (0.94 inch) Cp1
DSF400X DSF130+DSF270 2"1/8 1"3/8 1"3/8 8560169 120Z0709
Right 25 mm (0.98 inch) Cp1
Left 35.5 mm (1.4 inch) CP2
DSF470X DSF200+DSF270 2"1/8 1"3/8 1"3/8 8560170 120Z0709
Right 35.5 mm (1.4 inch) CP2
Left 25 mm (0.98 inch) Cp1
DSF500X DSF175+DSF325 2"1/8 1"3/8 1"3/8 8560169 120Z0709
Right 26 mm (1.02 inch) Cp1
Left 26 mm (1.02 inch) Cp1
DSF525X DSF200+DSF325 2"1/8 1"3/8 1"3/8 8560170 120Z0709
Right 26 mm (1.02 inch) Cp1
Left
DSF540E DSF270+DSF270 2"1/8 1" 5/8 1" 3/8 8556228 Not needed 120Z0792
Right
Left
DSF595U DSF270+DSF325 2"1/8 1" 5/8 1" 3/8 8556228 31 mm (1.22 inch) Cp1 120Z0796
Right
Left
DSF650E DSF325+DSF325 2"1/8 1" 5/8 1" 3/8 8556228 Not needed 120Z0792
Right
Left
DSF800U DSF270+DSF530 2"1/8 1" 5/8 1" 5/8 8556207 24 mm (0.94 inch) Cp1 120Z0786
Right
Left
DSF970E DSF485+DSF485 2"5/8 1" 5/8 1" 5/8 8556205 Not needed 120Z0785
Right
Left
DSF855U DSF325+DSF530 2"5/8 1" 5/8 1" 5/8 8556220 27 mm (1.06 inch) Cp1 120Z0787
Right
Left
DSF1060E DSF530+DSF530 2"5/8 1" 5/8 1" 5/8 8556205 Not needed 120Z0785
Right
Trio models
In order ensure best oil balance, the organ pipe need to be mounted inside the oil equalization port as indicated on
below picture. To connect the equalization line on rotolock connections, the organ pipe adaptor and teflon gasket
are included in the tandem kit must be used.
1 Organ pipe
1 2
2 Tightening torque 100Nm
Supplied with the compressor
Included in tandem kit
CC-000034
The organ pipe needs to be installed in the direction indicated by the label attached on pipe surface, which will
ensure best oil balance.
In order to ensure best oil balance, the organ pipe need to be mounted inside the DSF130, DSF175, DSF200 oil
equalization port as indicated on below picture. DSF270, DSF325 has integrated organ pipe inside the oil
equalization port.
To connect the equalization line on rotolock connections, the organ pipe, adaptor sleeves, Teflon gaskets included
in the tandem accessory kit must be used.
Figure 36: For DSF130, DSF175, DSF200 Figure 37: For DSF270, DSF325
1 2 3
CC-000032 CC-000033
CC-000033
Electrical connections
Wiring connections
According to compressor model, electrical power is connected to the compressor terminals either by 4.8mm (10-32)
screws or by M5 studs and nuts. In both cases the maximum tightening torque is 3 Nm.
Cable gland or similar protection component must be used on electrical box's knockouts to against accidental
contact with electrical parts inside.
Figure 39: Wiring connections for DSF090-200(except DSF155/175 code3 DSF200 code3/7/9)
1 Terminal box
1
2 Ø 29mm (φ1.14inch) knockout
3 Ø 25.5mm (φ1inch) knockout
4 Power supply
2
3
4
CC-0031
2
3
4
DSF270-325-485-530
The terminal box is provided with 2 triple knockouts and 1 single knockout for power supply and 4 double
knockouts for the safety control circuit.
L1 L2 L3
3 Brown
2
L N S1 S2 M1 M2
3 4 M1, M2 Control circuit
4 5 Module power supply
5 6 Sump heater
7 Faston 1/4" tabs
6
8 Power supply
7
8
CC-0517
• Ø 63.5mm (φ 2.5inch) (ISO63 and UL 2"conduit) & Ø 54.2mm (φ 2.13inch) (PG42)& 43.7mm (UL 1"1/4 conduit)
• Ø 22.5mm (φ 0.89inch) (PG16) (UL 1/2") & Ø 16.5mm (φ 0.65 inch) (ISO16)
• Ø 25.5mm (φ 1inch) (ISO25) & 20mm (φ 0.79inch) (ISO20 or PG13.5)
• Ø 22.5mm (φ 0.89inch) (PG16) (UL 1/2")
• Ø 25.5mm (φ 1inch) (ISO25) (x2)
1
2
CC-000013
The module must be connected to a power supply of the appropriate voltage. The module terminals are 6.3 mm
(0.25 inch) size Faston type.
5
5 Module power
Electrical specifications
Motor voltage
Danfoss scroll compressors DSF are available in motor voltage listed below.
(1)
DSH090-200
NOTE:
Voltage range: Nominal voltage ± 10%. The voltage range indicates where the compressor can run in the majority
of the application envelope. A boundary voltage supply which accumulates under specific conditions such as high
ambiance, high superheat, or map boundary conditions, may lead to a compressor trip.
Voltage imbalance
The maximum allowable voltage imbalance is 2%. Voltage imbalance causes high amperage over one or several
phases, which in turn leads to overheating and possible motor damage. Voltage imbalance is given by the formula:
IP rating
The compressor terminal box according to IEC60529 is IP54 for all models when correctly sized IP54 rated cable
glands are used.
5 - Dust protected
Locked Rotor Amp value is the higher average current as measured on mechanically blocked compressors tested
under nominal voltage. The LRA value can be used as a rough estimation for the starting current. However, in most
cases, the real starting current will be lower. A soft starter can be applied to reduce starting current (see section Soft
starts).
The RLA values presented are simply calculated by dividing the maximum current before tripping at overload test
conditions by 1.4.
The max operating current is the amperage the compressor will draw when it operates at maximum load of
operating envelope within the voltages printed on the nameplate.
Winding resistance
Winding resistance is the resistance between phases at 25°C (77°F) (resistance value +/- 7%). Winding resistance is
generally low and it requires adapted tools for precise measurement. Use a digital ohm-meter, a “4 wires” method
and measure under stabilised ambient temperature. Winding resistance varies strongly with winding temperature. If
the compressor is stabilised at a different value than 25°C (77°F), the measured resistance must be corrected using
the following formula:
a + tamb
Rtamb = R25°C (77°F)
a + t25°C (77°F)
a Coefficient a = 234.5
Motor protection
DSF090 to DSF200
Compressor models DSF090 to 200 are provided with internal overload motor protection to prevent against
excessive current and temperature caused by overloading, low refrigerant flow or phase loss.
The protector is located in star point of motor and, should it be activated, will cut out all three phases. It will be reset
automatically.
While not compulsory, an additional thermal magnetic motor circuit breaker is still advisable for either alarm or
manual reset.
• When the motor temperature is too high, then the internal protector will trip.
• When the current is too high the thermal magnetic motor circuit breaker will trip before the internal protection
therefore offering possibility of manual reset.
DSF270 to DSF530
DSF compressors are delivered with a pre-installed motor protection module inside the terminal box. This device
provides efficient and reliable protection against overheating and overloading as well as phase loss/reversal.
The motor protector comprises a control module and PTC sensors embedded in the motor winding.
The motor temperature is being constantly measured by a PTC thermistor loop connected on S1-S2 . If any
thermistor exceeds its response temperature, its resistance increases above the trip level (4.500 Ω) and the output
relay then trips – i.e. contacts M1-M2 are open. After cooling to below the response temperature (resistance < 2.750
Ω), a 5-minute time delay is activated.
After this delay has elapsed, the relay is once again pulled in – i.e. contacts M1-M2 are closed. The time delay may be
cancelled by means of resetting the mains (L-N -disconnect) for approximately 5 sec.
A red/green twin LED is visible on the module. A solid green LED denotes a fault free condition. A blinking red LED
indicates an identifiable fault condition:
Figure 44: PTC Overheat Figure 45: Delay timer active (after PTC over temp.)
1s* 1s*
While not compulsory, an additional thermal magnetic motor circuit breaker is still advisable for either alarm or
manual reset.
DSF090 to DSF200
Compressor models DSF090 to 200 incorporates an internal reverse vent valve which will react when the
compressor is run in reverse and will allow refrigerant to circulate through a by-pass from the suction to the
discharge. Although reverse rotation is not destructive for these models, it should be corrected as soon as possible.
Repeated reverse rotation over 24 hours may have negative impact on the bearings.
Reverse rotation will be obvious to the user as soon as power is turned on: the compressor will not build up
pressure, the sound level will be abnormally high and power consumption will be minimal. If reverse rotation
symptoms occur, shut the compressor down and connect the phases to their proper terminals. If reverse rotation is
not halted, the compressor will cycle off-on the motor protection.
DSF270 to DSF530
Use a phase meter to establish the phase orders and connect line phases L1, L2 and L3 to terminals T1, T2 and T3,
respectively.
Compressor models DSF270 to 530 are delivered with an electronic module which provides protection against
phase reversal and phase loss at start-up.
The phase sequencing and phase loss monitoring functions are active during a 5-sec window 1 second after
compressor start-up (power on L1-L2-L3).
Should one of these parameters be incorrect, the relay would lock out (contact M1-M2 open). The red LED on the
module will show the following blink code:
Figure 47: In case of phase reverse error Figure 48: In case of phase loss error
760 ms* 1 s*
* Approximate * Approximate
The lockout may be cancelled by resetting the power mains (disconnect L-N) for approximately 5 seconds.
For more detailed information see “Instructions for electronic module” AN160986418236.
Application
System evaluation
Table 23: System evaluation
Split type Single compressor Manifold compressors
Non split Test No.1 Test No.1+2
Split Test No.1+3 Test No.1+2+3
NOTE:
During compressor shut down, a short reverse rotation sound is generated. The duration of this sound depends on
the pressure difference at shut down and should be less than 3 seconds. This phenomenon has no impact on
compressor reliability.
Gas pulsation
DSF has been designed and tested to ensure that gas pulsation is optimized for the most commonly encountered
air conditioning pressure ratio. Manifolded compressors are equivalents to lagged sources of gas pulsation.
Therefore, pulse level can vary during time.
Mitigations methods:
If an unacceptable level is identified, a discharge muffler with the appropriate resonant volume and mass can be
installed.
Mitigation methods
Mitigations methods:
1. To ensure minimum vibrations transmission to the structure, strictly follow Danfoss mounting requirements
(mounting feet, rails etc..). For further information on mounting requirements, please refer to section Design
compressor mounting.
2. Ensure that there is no direct contact (without insulation) between vibrating components and structure.
3. To avoid resonance phenomenon, pipings and frame must have natural frequencies as far as possible from
running frequency. Solutions to change natural frequencies are to work on structure stiffness and mass
(brackets, metal sheet thickness or shape…).
Steady-state operation envelope is valid for a suction superheat within 5K to 10K range at nominal Voltage.
This protection, effective for suction superheat above 5 – 10 K (9 – 18 °F), should be considered as a compressor
safety device and its purpose is not to ensure operation map control.
In case of basic map control by pressure switches that can not ensure totally that the compressor will remain in its
operating envelope, an additionnal external discharge protection is required. (see Figure 49: Discharge temperature
protection examples)
55 131
HP2
50 122
Example 2
45 113
40 104
35 95
R32
30 86
25 77
20 LP1 LP2 68
15 59
10 50
5 41
DSF090 to DSF200 have no integrated discharge temperature protection, an external protection is required.
This external protection device can be a thermostat or a temperature sensor. The discharge gas temperature
protection must trip the power supply when it reaches the setting point to protect the compressor from
overheating.
The discharge gas protection should be set to open at a maximum discharge gas temperature of 150°C(302°F). A
PT1000 is recommended.
The discharge gas thermostat or sensor must be attached to the discharge line within 150mm (5.91 inch) from the
compressor discharge port and must be thermally insulated and tightly fixed on the pipe (see Figure 50: Discharge
Gas Temperature protection (DGT))
1 2 Discharge line
2 3 Bracket
3
4 Insulation
4
CC-0056
System evaluation
HP and LP must be monitored to respect operating envelope limitations. We consider two types of operating
envelope management: Basic and Advanced.
2
nd
1a
ts No
tes
Condensing pressure control
Manage superheat
During normal operation, refrigerant enters the compressor as a superheated vapor. Liquid flood back occurs when
a part of the refrigerant entering the compressor is still in liquid state.
Liquid flood back can cause oil dilution and, in extreme situations lead to liquid slugging that can damage the
compressor.
Requirement
In steady state conditions the expansion device must ensure a suction superheat within 5 – 10 K (9 – 18 °F).
System evaluation
Use the table in relation with the application to quickly evaluate the potential tests to perform.
Transient Tests must be carried out with most unfavorable conditions : Oil superheat shall not be more
• fan staging than 60 sec per hour below the
• compressor staging safe limit defined in the Dilu-
• … tion Chart. (see graph below)
Defrost test Check liquid Defrost test must be carried out in the most unfavorable condi- Oil superheat shall not be more 1. Check defrost logic. In re-
floodback dur- tions (at 0 °C (32 °F) evaporating temperature). than 60 sec per hour below the versible systems, the de-
ing defrost cy- safe limit defined in the Dilu- frost logic can be worked
cle tion Chart. (see graph below) out to limit liquid flood-
back effect. (for more de-
tails see Control logic).
2. Add a suction accumulator
(1)
(1)
Suction accumulator offers protection by trapping the liquid refrigerant upstream from the compressor. The accumulator should be sized at
least 50 % of the total system charge. Suction accumulator dimensions can impact oil return (gas velocity, oil return hole size…), therefore oil
return has to be checked according to section Manage oil in the circuit.
Figure 51: Placing oil temperature sensor on the bottom of the baseplate
1 Oil temperature sensor must be placed on the bottom of the baseplate.
CC-000023
22.5 40.5
20 36
Safe Area
15 27
12.5 22.5
10 18
7.5 13.5
5 9
Unsafe Area (60 sec max per hour)
2.5 4.5
0 0
-30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25
Evaporating Temperature (°C) CC-000185
12.5 22.5
10 18
Oil Superheat (°F)
Oil Superheat (K)
Safe Area
7.5 13.5
5 9
0 0
-30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25
Evaporating Temperature (°C) CC-000026
• when the compressor is located at the coldest part of the installation, refrigerant vapor condenses in the
compressor.
• or directly in liquid-phase by gravity or pressure difference. When the compressor restarts, the refrigerant diluted
in the oil, or stored in evaporator, generates poor lubrication conditions, and may reduce bearings life time. In
extreme situations, this leads to liquid slugging that can damage the compressor scroll set.
Requirement
• Compressor can tolerate occasional flooded start, but it should remain exceptional situation and unit design must
prevent that this situation happen at each start.
• Right after start, liquid refrigerant must not flow massively to compressor
• The charge limit is a threshold beyond some protective measures must be taken to limit risk of liquid slugging and
extreme dilution at start.
System evaluation
Use the Table 30: Charge limits for Single models and Table 31: Charge limits for Tandem models in section Charge
limits, in relation with the system charge and the application to quickly define necessary safeties to implement.
Crankcase heater
The surface sump heater are designed to protect the compressor against off-cycle migration of refrigerant.
For DSF090-200, the surface sump heater is located on the compressor shell. For better standby energy
consumption, Danfoss provides 48W and 80W two optional surface sump heater. The selection of surface sump
heater could be refered to below principle:
The heater must be turned on whenever all the compressors are off. Crankcase heater accessories are available from
Danfoss (see section Accessories and spare parts).
A LLSV is used to isolate the liquid charge on the condenser side, thereby preventing against charge transfer to the
compressor during off -cycles. The quantity of refrigerant on the low-pressure side of the system can be further
reduced by using a pump-down cycle in association with the LLSV.
Pump-down cycle
Pump-down must be set higher than 1.7 bar(g) (25 psig). For more details on pump-down cycle see Pump-down
logic recommendations in section Control logic.
Charge limits
• Protect the compressor from short circuit and overcurrent by a thermal magnetic motor circuit breaker set to Max.
operating current or lower (see table in section Three phase electrical characteristics). For DSF090-200, phase
sequence protection is strongly recommended.
• DSF 270-530 compressors are delivered with a pre-installed motor protection module inside the terminal box that
must be powered on.
• HP safety switch and electronic module relay output (M1-M2) must be wired in the safety chain. Other safety
devices such as LP can be either hardware or software managed.
• Provide separate electrical supply for the heaters so that they remain energized even when the machine is out of
service (e.g. seasonal shutdown).
The wiring diagrams below are examples for a safe and reliable compressor wiring:
CC-000215
SS CC L1 L3 L2
F1 F1 CB
L2
L3 Ph
L1
LPS
KM
UC
T1 T2
HP T3
DGT
M
Ph
KM
SSH
CC-0041
SS CC L1 L3 L2
F1 F1 CB
LPS KM
UC
T1 T2
MPM
T3
HP
S M
KM
DGT
CCH
CC-000020
SS CC L1 L3 L2
F1 F1
CB
LPS
KM
UC
T1 T2
MPM
T3
HP
S
KM
DGT
CCH
Soft starts
Soft starters are designed to reduce the starting current of 3-phase AC motors. Soft starter must be set so
compressor start-up time is always less than 0.5 seconds to ensure proper lubrication of compressor parts.
Make sure that the soft starter selected is compatible with R32 refrigerant.
Control logic
Safety control logic requirements
Table 33: Safety control logic requirements
Tripping conditions Re-start conditions
Safeties Value Time Value Time
HP safety switch See Pressure settings table Manual reset
from section Operating enve-
LP safety switch lope data Immediate, no delay. No by- Conditions back to normal. Maximum 5 auto reset during a
pass Switch closed again. period of 12 hours, then man-
Electronic module (Motor pro-
Contact M1-M2 opened ual reset.
tection, DGT)
Additionally, compressor must not exceed 12 starts per hour. 12 starts per hour must not be considered as an
average, this is the maximum number of starts acceptable to keep a good regulation accuracy during low load.
Cp 1 ON
Cp 2 ON
4WV H
EXV 100%
CC-000019 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Cp 1 Compressor 1
Cp 2 Compressor 2
ON On
H Heating
1 Defrost start. Stop all compressors
2 4 Way Valve (4WV) stays in heating mode. EXV opened to transfer liquid from outdoor to indoor
exchanger thanks to pressure difference.
3 When pressures are almost balanced(1), change 4WV to cooling mode.
4 Start Cp1 and Cp 2 with 0.5 seconds delay between 2 successive starts
5 Defrost
6 Defrost end. Stop all compressors
7 4 WV stays in cooling mode. EXV opened to transfer liquid from indoor to outdoor exchanger thanks to
pressure difference
8 When pressures are almost balanced(1), change 4WV to heating mode.
9 Start Cp1 and Cp 2 with 0.5 seconds delay between 2 successive starts
In reversible systems, to ensure compressor reliability, the 4-way valve must not reverse when the compressor is
stopped due to heating or cooling demand (stop on thermostat).
(1)
EXV Opening degree and time have to be set to keep a minimum pressure for 4 way valve moving. In any case, defrost logics must respect
requirements and tests described in sections Manage superheat and Operating envelope data.
DSF compressors integrate tight internal non return valve (INRV), therefore no external Non Return Valve (NRV) is
needed.
All these phenomena can reduce service life and cause mechanical and electrical compressor failure.
Requirements
DSF compressors are delivered with < 100 ppm moisture level.
At the time of commissioning, system moisture content may be up to 100 ppm.
During operation, the filter drier must reduce this to a level between 20 and 50 ppm.
Solutions
To achieve this requirement, a properly sized and type of drier is required.
Important selection criteria’s include:
• driers water content capacity
• system refrigeration capacity
• system refrigerant charge
For new installations with DSF compressors with polyolester oil, Danfoss recommends using the Danfoss DML
(100% molecular sieve) solid core filter drier.
Respect the following sequence to avoid discharge check valve gets stuck in open position:
• Remove the suction plug first
• Remove the discharge plug afterwards
An opened compressor must not be exposed to air for more than 20 minutes to avoid moisture is captured by
the POE oil.
Always use both these rings when lifting the compressor. Use lifting equipment rated and certified for the weight of
the compressor. The use of a spreader bar rated for the lifting lugs spacing and the weight of the compressor is
necessary to ensure better load distribution. The use of lifting hooks closed with a clasp and certified to lift the
weight of the compressor is also highly recommended. Always respect the appropriate rules concerning lifting
objects of the type and weight of these compressors. Maintain the compressor in an upright position during all
handling manoeuvres (maximum of 15° from vertical).
Never use only one lifting lug to lift the compressor. The compressor is too heavy for the single lug to handle, and
the risk is run that the lug could separate from the compressor with extensive damage and possible personal injury
as a result.
Store the compressor not exposed to rain, corrosive or flammable atmosphere between -35°C and Ts value when
charged with refrigerant and between -35°C and 70°C when charged with nitrogen.
When the compressor is mounted as part of an installation, never use the lift rings on the compressor to lift the
installation. The risk is run that the lugs could separate from the compressor or that the compressor could separate
from the base frame with extensive damage and possible personal injury as a result.
Never apply force to the terminal box with the intention of moving the compressor, as the force placed upon the
terminal box can cause extensive damage to both the box and the components contained inside.
HEAVY
do not lift
manually
Piping assembly
Good practices for piping assembly is a pre-requisite to ensure compressor life time (system cleanliness, brazing
procedure etc.)
Brazing procedure:
• Brazing operations must be performed by qualified personnel.
• Make sure that no electrical wiring is connected to the compressor.
• To prevent compressor shell and electrical box overheating, use a heat shield and/or a heat-absorbent compound.
• Clean up connections with degreasing agent.
• Flow nitrogen through the compressor.
• Use flux in paste or flux coated brazing rod.
• Use brazing rod with a minimum of 5% silver content.
• It is recommended to use double-tipped torch using acetylene to ensure a uniform heating of connection.
• For discharge connections brazing time should be less than 2 minutes to avoid NRVI damages if any.
• To enhance the resistance to rust, a varnish on the connection is recommended.
DSF compressors connectors are made of steel copper coated, which benefit to protect against corrosion and
facilitate adhesion during brazing operation.
As per standards practice in the refrigeration industry, Danfoss Commercial Compressor recommend to use of silver
cadmium free solder alloy and flux (added or flux coated rods). The significant silver content in these brazing alloy
will help the brazing operation, providing an excellent fluidity and a limited heating temperature. It will bring also a
good resistance to corrosion, a proper elongation compatible with system vibration, and good behavior under
thermal variation improving the strength of connection and limiting fractures and refrigerant leaks. (Crucial with
A2L refrigerants).
The use of self-flux alloys (as phosphorous alloys) is not recommended by Danfoss. This type of brazing require a
higher working temperature, that may overheat the connectors, damaging the thin layer of copper, resulting in
phosphides creation and joint zone embrittlement.
1 Heat shield
CC-0052
For more detailed information see "Brazing technique for compressors connectors" AP192186420580.
Before eventual un-brazing of the compressor or any system component, the refrigerant charge must be
removed and the installation vacuumed.
(1)
DSF compressors have an internal non return valve fitting: the maximum pressurizing speed must be respected to ensure pressure
equalization between LP and HP side over scroll elements.
Recommendations:
• Energized heaters improve moisture removal.
• Alternate vacuum phases and break vacuum with Nitrogen to improve moisture removal.
For more detailed information see “Vacuum pump-down and dehydration procedure” AP000086424630en.
Refrigerant charging
Initial charge:
If needed, a complement of charge can be done before evaporator, in liquid phase while compressor is running by
slowly throttling liquid in.
For more detailed information see “Recommended refrigerant system charging practice“ AP000086421422.
Recommendations:
• Additional dielectric test is not recommended as it may reduce motor lifetime. Nevertheless, if such as test is
necessary, it must be performed at a lower voltage.
• Insulation resistance test can be done.
• The presence of refrigerant around the motor windings will result in lower resistance values to ground and higher
leakage current readings. Such readings do not indicate a faulty compressor. To prevent this, the system can be
first operated briefly to distribute refrigerant.
Do not use a megohm meter nor apply power to the compressor while it is under vacuum as this may cause
internal damage.
Commissioning
Preliminary check
Check electrical power supply:
• Phase order: Reverse rotation is obvious if the compressor do not build up pressure and sound level is abnormal
high
DSF compressors are equipped with an electronic module: reverse rotation will be automatically detected. For more
details refer to section Motor protection.
• Voltage and voltage unbalance within tolerance: For more details refer to section Motor voltage.
Initial start-up
• Crankcase heaters must be energized at least 6 hours in advance to remove refrigerant.
• A quicker start-up is possible by “jogging” the compressor to evacuate refrigerant. Start the compressor for 1
second, then wait for 1 to 2 minutes. After 3 or 4 jogs the compressor can be started. This operation must be
repeated for each compressor individually.
System monitoring
The system must be monitored after initial startup for a minimum of 60 minutes to ensure proper operating
characteristics such as:
If Oil Top-up is needed, it must be done while the compressor is idle. Use the schrader connector or any other
accessible connector on the compressor suction line. Always use original Danfoss POE oil 185SL from new cans. For
more detailed information see “Lubricants filling in instructions for Danfoss Commercial Compressors”
AP000086435866.
Danfoss recommends that compressors and compressor oil should be recycled by a suitable company at its
site.
Packaging
Single pack
Industrial pack
(1)
Number of compressors per pack.
Ordering
For compressors DSF270 to DSF530 use in single applications, flexible grommets are available as accessory kit
8156138.
Single pack
(1)
Electronic motor protection, module located in terminal box.
NOTE:
Mounting kit for DSF270 to DSF530 single compressor applications: Ref 8156138.
Industrial pack
(1)
Electronic motor protection, module located in terminal box.
Gaskets
Solder sleeve
Rotolock nut
Crankcase heaters
Mounting hardware
Lubricant
Acoustic hoods
Miscellaneous
Tandem kits
Trio kits
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mobile apps, and expert guidance. See the possibilities below.
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