Image from: http://www.school-for-champions.com/science/chemhydrocarbon.
htm
Atoms differ in __________ of
The Chemistry of Life _______, ________,& _______
Chapter 1-2
KEY CONCEPTS:
What particles make up atoms?
How do molecules form?
How do molecules stick together?
What molecules/ions are important
to living things?
Image from: http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/summer2004/lect02.htm
Video 1 Atoms that have
_________________
have an
Atomic Structure 2A _____________ and
are called
__________
They are written
with a + or –
Click the image to play the video segment. next to their
symbol
Atoms are Atoms/ions important for
the ________________: living things
Used to make Ions = electrically
______________
bigger molecules charged atoms
______________
1.____________
are found ______________ 2.____________ 1.____________
3.____________ 2.____________
4.____________ 3.____________
______________ 5.____________ 4.____________
_______________ in 6.____________ 5.____________
____________________
Animation from: http://www.wjcc.k12.va.us/ROBB/Atom%20Animation%20Resources_files/image003.gif
1
Hydrogen Ions (H+) MOLECULES CAN BE SHOWN
http://www.guardiantrader.com/images/ph_scale.gif
The number of IN DIFFERENT WAYS
____ ions
determines Water molecule: http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/molecule.html
how _______
a solution will
be.
H2O
More H+ = more acidic Other Images by: Riedell
ATOMS CAN ______TOGETHER Polar Molecules
Image from: http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html
TO _____________________
Ex: Because of the location of
Joining 2 HYDROGEN electrons in molecules,
atoms with 1 OXYGEN atom some molecules have an
makes one ______ molecule. _________ pattern of
____________________
A _______________ tells _________ of More ___ on one side;
and __________ atoms are in a molecule More ___ on the other
EX: ________ EX: water
More about this in Chapter 7
http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/molecule.html
VERY, VERY LARGE EX: PHOSPHOLIPIDS
MOLECULES The same
_________
= ____________________ molecule can
have both
EXAMPLE:
POLAR and __________
Insulin = NON-POLAR
C254 H377 N65 O76 S6 parts
Image from: http://www.biology.arizona.edu/biochemistry/tutorials/chemistry/page2.html More about this in Chapter 7 Image by Riedell
2
WHAT HOLDS MOLECULES
http://www.mrbigler.com/Chem1-C1/topics/vsepr/VSEPR_files/image002.gif
TOGETHER?
Molecules are _____________by the
________ between ______________
__________ molecules
regions of nearby molecules are found __________ and
= _____________________ _____________ atoms
http://www.examstutor.com/chemistry/resources/studyroom/bonding/intermolecular_forces/2_van_de_waals_forces.php http://biologyjunction.com/organic_model_project_bi.htm
HYDROGEN BONDS “Like dissolves like”
Bonds that form between the
____________________
_________ charged _____________
means “water loving”
in one molecule and a
__________ charged _________ _________ groups/molecules try to
in a nearby molecule are called _________ and touch water or
_____________________ ______________ molecules
EX: water molecules Water makes a great solvent in
are held together living things because so many
by Hydrogen bonds
molecules found in living things
Hydrogen bond animation
are polar or have a charge.
http://www.makash.ac.il/h_school/hst/hstsb/chem/luach/dissolve.jpg
Images from: http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html
http://egullet.com/imgs/egci/nonstocksauce/nons1.JPG
_________ is the most important “Like dissolves like”
atom found in living things
_________________
It can join to _______ means “water fearing”
other atoms at same time
___________ groups/molecules try to
It can form ______ or _____
_________ other __________ molecules
so it can make lots of and __________ ________ molecules
different kinds of molecules.
Oil based paints dissolve
in solvents such as
turpentine
. . . not water.
Images from: http://www.school-for-champions.com/science/chemhydrocarbon.htm
3
http://mchi.mcallenisd.org/mchi/site/hosting/ipc/ipc/ipcch23htm/ipcch23sec2.htm
One way to join molecules to make a
“Like bigger molecule is by ________
dissolves a _______ molecule to make a bond.
like” = ____________________ reaction
______ works because it has a
_____________ that dissolves _______
and a __________ that dissolves in _____
See an animation
to wash away oily dirt.
http://science.nhmccd.edu/BIOL/dehydrat/dehydrat.html
A chemical equation tells what DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS
happens in a chemical reaction
when molecules interact. “dehydration” “synthesis”
=_____________ _____________
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H20
http://io.uwinnipeg.ca/~simmons/macromol/sld003.htm
_______________ → ________________
Molecules that react Molecules that are
produced
http://www.usd116.org/apalla/biology/unit3/notes/3notes1.htm
Image by RIedell
REMEMBER: _________________ is a
ALL the chemical reactions ________________ reaction in which
that happen in cells = many _____________ that
_____________ are ________ join to make
a bigger molecule
Chemical reactions can _____ These small units are
molecules together. called ______________
Chemical reactions can ______ The big molecule they
molecules apart. make is called a
_____________
Image by RIedell
4
EXAMPLE: ATP is the energy http://student.ccbcmd.edu/biotutorials/energy/adpan.html
_________ subunits molecule used by
(A,T,G,C) all cells.
join together
to make Breaking a bond
a _____ molecule
using hydrolysis is
the way ENERGY
is released.
http://www.freewebs.com/genetics37/genetics101.htm
More on this is Chapters 7, 8,& 9
Chemical reactions can also Living things _______ of these
________ molecules apart. kinds of _______ (and MORE)
to get the _______they need.
______________ = kind of
chemical reaction in which a
molecule is broken apart by adding
a________ molecule.
“_____” = water “_____” = break apart
See an animation http://www.cibike.org/CartoonEating.gif
http://www.animationlibrary.com
http://science.nhmccd.edu/BIOL/dehydrat/dehydrat.html
HYDROLYSIS is the _________ of
DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS. WATER is important
Adding a water molecule breaks the bond.
for all living things
http://www.usd116.org/apalla/biology/unit3/notes/3notes1.htm
Average person ~~ 60-70% water
Babies ~~ 78%
Human brain ~~ 90%
Image from: http://sjr.state.fl.us/programs/outreach/pubs/irl_update/images/water_glass.jpg
5
WHY Water is important to cells:
1. It’s __________ so it can ____________ lots
of different substances.
2. It can _________ lots of ______
_______________________________ very much.
(That helps with _________________)
3. ____________________ form between water
molecules so they stick together.
4.Water is an important ___________________
in many CHEMICAL REACTIONS.
