Operating Systems
Lecture #5
KU-CSF – 2024
Prepared by: Mohammad Jawad Merzaee
Agenda
⬡ Backup
⬡ File history
⬡ Restore point
⬡ Resetting the PC
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Backup
⬡ Backup refers to the process of creating copies of important data, files,
or system configurations.
⬡ These copies serve as a safety net in case of data loss, hardware failure,
accidental deletion, or other unforeseen events.
⬡ Backups allow you to recover your data and restore your system to a
previous state.
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Why is Backup Important?
⬡ Data Protection: Backups protect your critical data.
∙ Imagine losing important documents, family photos, or work-related files due to a
hard drive failure. Regular backups ensure that you can recover these files even if
your primary storage fails.
⬡ Disaster Recovery: Natural disasters, cyberattacks, or hardware malfunctions
can disrupt your digital life. Having backups ensures that you can quickly
recover from such incidents.
⬡ System Resilience: Backing up your entire system (including the operating
system and installed applications) allows you to restore it to a functional state
after a system crash or corruption.
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Types of Backup
⬡ Full Backup: A complete copy of all data and system files. Useful for disaster
recovery but can be time-consuming and requires significant storage space.
⬡ Incremental Backup: First create a full backup then, only backs up changes made
since the last backup. Efficient in terms of storage but requires multiple backups
for full recovery.
⬡ Differential Backup: Similar to incremental backup but captures changes since
the last full backup. Easier to restore than incremental backups.
⬡ File-Level Backup: Backs up individual files and folders. Useful for specific data
recovery.
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Creating backup in windows
⬡ Creating a Full Backup:
Windows includes the “Backup
and Restore” feature, which
allows you to create a system
image of your entire computer,
including settings, apps, and
files.
⬡ Just select “Backup and
Restore (Windows 7)” in
control panel.
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Creating backup in windows
⬡ If you search “backup” in windows 11
start menu, you will be faced with this
page.
⬡ By using this way, you can create your
backup and save it on your
“OneDrive” account.
⬡ So it’s more secure and safe
comparing to local storage, because
this file will be available from
everywhere for you.
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File history
⬡ Windows 11 also offers
automatic file backup using the
File History feature.
⬡ This feature allows you to sync
your folders, settings, apps, and
Wi-Fi information to OneDrive
with your Microsoft account, or
you can save it locally.
⬡ Go to control panel > File History
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File history
⬡ If file history is enabled, you can get your
previews version of your files every time
you need.
⬡ Just right click on your desired file/folder >
properties > Previews Versions
⬡ So, file history is a kind of file-level-backup
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System Restore Points
⬡ A System Restore Point is a snapshot of
your system’s configuration, including
settings, installed software, and system
files.
⬡ When you create a restore point, Windows
captures the current state of your system.
If you encounter issues later, you can use
these restore points to roll back your
system to a point when it was working
correctly.
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When to Create a Restore Point
1. Before Major Changes: Create a restore point before making significant
changes to your system, such as installing new software, updating
drivers, or modifying system settings.
2. Troubleshooting: If your system starts behaving unexpectedly, you can
use a restore point to revert to a stable state.
⬡ To open this page, just search “System Restore point” in start menu
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How to Use a Restore Point
⬡ Open Settings or search for Create a
restore point.
⬡ Click System Restore.
⬡ Follow the prompts to select a
restore point and restore your
system.
⬡ Important considerations:
▪ Storage Space
▪ Not a Backup: They only affect
system files and settings, not
personal files.
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Reset this PC
⬡ The “Reset this PC” option in
Windows 11 allows you to
revert your system to its
factory default settings.
Whether you want to keep
your files or start fresh, this
feature provides multiple
options.
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Safe mode
⬡ Safe mode in Windows is a
diagnostic mode that starts your
computer with a minimal set of
drivers and files.
⬡ It’s useful for troubleshooting issues
because it allows you to identify
whether default settings or third-
party drivers are causing problems.
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Resources
1. شهیدزی،2 اساسات کمپیوتر ساینس
2. https://www.techtarget.com/searchdatabackup/tip/Data-backup-types-
explained-Full-incremental-differential-and-incremental-forever-backup
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Thanks!
Any questions?
What are file recovery software and
how they work?
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