Practice Test 2 Key
Practice Test 2 Key
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The map below has EIGHT gaps. Choose the correct letters A-H for each place, and write the
correct letter next to questions 16-20.
List of places
16. New Zealand birds                  ___________
17. African village                    ___________
18. Picnic area                        ___________
19. Meeting place                      ___________
20. Jomo’s café                        ___________
SECTION 3: Listen to a talk about memory and answer the questions with NO MORE THAN
THREE WORDS for each answer. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
1. How was Dr. Federik Sullivan’s memory at first?
___________________________________________________________________
2. Besides a computer, what can help you improve your memory?
___________________________________________________________________
3. Besides prolonging life, what has a full and active memory been proved to be able to do?
___________________________________________________________________
4. According to Sullivan, how is the human brain?
___________________________________________________________________
5. What is the function of long-term memory?
___________________________________________________________________
                           PART B - VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part
differs from the other three in the pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1. A. particular              B. spectacular         C. artificial         D. irregular
Question 2. A. negotiable              B. potential           C. initiative         D. tangible
Circle the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the
other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 3. A. abstract                B. certain             C. secure             D. global
Question 4. A. politics                B. attraction          C. relative           D. radio
Circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the option that best completes following exchanges.
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Question 5. Peter and Alice are talking about Alice’s new house.
- Peter: “What a spacious house you have got, Alice!”
- Alice: “___________”
   A. Thank you. I am afraid.                          B. You are telling a lie.
   C. It’s so kind of you to say so.                   D. I don't like your sayings.
Question 6. Two friends, Carter and Suzy, are talking about pets.
- Carter: “Well, as I know, dogs are the most faithful animals.”
- Suzy: “___________”
   A. Nothing more to say.                             B. You can say that again.
   C. Yes. I hope so.                                  D. No. What nonsense!
Circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 7. A rumour is floating about that the businessman is getting ready to waste millions
again in a futile attempt to become a governor, but that’s relevant only to the coyotes who will take
his money.
   A. circulating                B. concealing         C. obscuring            D. covering
Question 8. It is obvious that urbanization can bring in both adverse and beneficial consequences.
   A. advantageous               B. favorable          C. negative             D. preferential
Circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 9. Admittedly, in spite of his idiosyncratic teaching methods, he’s really successful.
   A. unusual                    B. particular         C. meaningful           D. common
Question 10. William really enjoys a cut and thrust with Jane, she always has a unique perspective,
even if they sometimes have arguments.
   A. an approval                B. a boring discussion C. a lively debate       D. a disagreement
Circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
Question 11. Tony delays writing the book until he had done a lot of research.
                          A            B         C                     D
Question 12. The green garden restaurant uses fresh produce on their dishes, much of which the
                                               A                      B              C            D
owners grow in their own garden.
Question 13. It is said that with the advanced technology, the diseased can be resurrected by the
                                           A                         B                  C
future artificial intelligence after thousand years.
           D
Circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 14. Janet wasn't in when I arrived. I suppose she _______ I was coming.
   A. must have forgotten        B. must forget        C. may forget           D. can't have forgotten
Question 15. He thinks he should get his house _______.
   A. redecorated                B. to redecorate      C. to be redecorated D. redecorate
Question 16. In 2003, Le Thanh Thuy was diagnosed _______ bone cancer and doctors decided to
amputate her leg to save her life.
   A. with                       B. on                 C. by                   D. about
Question 17. The better the weather is, _______.
   A. the beaches get the more crowded                 B. the more crowded get the beaches
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   C. more crowded the beaches get                   D. the more crowded the beaches get
Question 18. John is going to go on a camping trip, so he wants to buy a _______ bag.
   A. grey sleeping polyester                        B. grey polyester sleeping
   C. polyester grey sleeping                        D. sleeping grey polyester
Question 19. My friend _______ in this farm for two years by the end of this year.
   A. will work                                      B. am going to work
   C. will have worked                               D. am working
Question 20. The little boy managed to eat a big lunch _______ having eaten an enormous
breakfast.
   A. despite                   B. since             C. except              D. before
Question 21. The number of students who _______ under a lot of pressure from their study is rising
at an alarming rate each year.
   A. are                       B. is                C. was                 D. were
Question 22. If you _______ to see someone drop litter in the street, what would you do?
   A. happen                    B. have happened     C. happened            D. had happened
Question 23. Publication of the documents would _______ alter the course of the inquiry.
   A. decide                    B. decisively        C. decisive            D. decision
Question 24. I’m going to have to ________ my spoken German before I go to Munich.
   A. face up to                B. creep up on       C. read up about       D. brush up on
Question 25. _______ as a masterpiece, a work of art must transcend the ideas of the period in which
they were created.
   A. To rank                   B. Having been ranked C. To be ranked       D. Having ranked
Question 26. I don’t know how anyone can sit in front of a computer for hours _______.
   A. on end                    B. on time           C. then on             D. from now on
Question 27. Investigators urged that safety _______ at the site should be improved.
   A. advancements              B. capacities        C. probations          D. procedures
Question 28. Volunteer organisations are generally small-staffed, so they need to _______ lots of
volunteers for a huge event.
   A. research                  B. recruit            C. catch              D. employ
Question 29. Eva was going to invite David out to lunch but he beat her to the _______. He invited
her before she had a chance to ask him.
   A. mouth                     B. ear               C. punch               D. bush
Question 30. Pharmaceutical companies spend millions of dollars on _______ products like coffee
mugs, shirts, umbrellas, and golf balls.
    A. provisional             B. promotional        C. providential        D. prodigal
Use the word given in capitals in brackets to form a new word that fits the gap. Write your
answers in the spaces provided.
  1. Maria and Jean had a (WIND) __________________ romance – they met and married within
      two months.
  2. Words alone cannot convey the (TELL) ___________________ misery endured by people in
      these refugee camps.
  3. The law is only (APPLY) ______________________ to individuals aged 18 and above, as it
      pertains to adult responsibilities.
  4. ___________________ (ACTIVE) children often have poor concentration and require very
      little sleep.
  5. His outstanding performance in the role earned him (DESERVE) ____________________
      positive reviews from both critics and audiences.
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  6. During an economic (TURN) _______________, job seekers may face challenges finding
      employment opportunities.
  7. During their vacation, they planned to (LUXURY) _______________ in the comfort of a five-
      star resort.
  8. Improved safety measures in cars can be (PRODUCE) _______________ as they encourage
      people to drive faster.
  9. The prolonged drought has the potential to (POOR) _______________ the local farmers,
      depriving them of their livelihoods.
  10. Apart from some (HEART) _______________ efforts, the government has not yet made a
      serious attempt to effectively address the Scottish fisheries issue.
                                   PART C - READING (6.0 points)
I. Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions. (2.0 points)
     The most successful entrepreneurs are those who predict the needs of the future earlier than the
competition. No new business start-up is without risk, but the benefits can be (1) _________.
Inventions such as the automobile, the internet and the iPad were all initially (2) _________ with a
high degree of criticism, so it is important to maintain the belief that anything is possible! Below (3)
_________ just a few of the business ideas expected to be successful in the future.
     Travelling to space used to be possible only for governments or large aerospace companies. This
is no longer the case, however, and several private companies have planned tourist missions (4)
_________ space which are going to take place in the next few years. Consulting firm Futron
Corporation predict that the space tourism industry will be (5) _________ $1.3 billion and have more
than 25,000 customers in the next five to ten years. Space tourism pioneer Peter Diamandis also (6)
_________ that space hotels are going to be big business, with companies from around the world
already working on such projects. Not everyone, (7) _________, is as convinced about the prospect
of space tourism. Jeffrey Jones, a member of the Center for Space Medicine at Baylor College, warns
that even a short journey into space could (8) _________ serious health problems for tourists of
average or poor health.
     Another idea comes from a company in New Zealand called Martin Aircraft. They have produced
the first commercially available jetpack, (9) _________ they plan to start selling next year. Initially,
they will be sold to shops and cost approximately $150,000. The craft will work for short trips only,
(10) _________ 30 minutes, and manage speeds of up to 74 kph and an altitude of 914 m. The CEO
of the company, Peter Coker, notes that, as well as being used by the rich for pleasure, they could also
be useful in search-and-rescue operations.
                                                       (Adapted from: Mindset for Ielts – Level 2)
Question 1. A. calculable              B. indispensable        C. immeasurable        D. determinable
Question 2. A. seen                    B. met                  C. viewed              D. glanced
Question 3. A. is                      B. was                  C. are                 D. were
Question 4. A. by                      B. of                   C. from                D. into
Question 5. A. profit                  B. value                C. worth               D. rank
Question 6. A. predictable             B. predicts             C. prediction          D. predictably
Question 7. A. however                 B. in addition          C. as a result         D. therefore
Question 8. A. force                   B. result               C. lead                D. cause
Question 9. A. which                   B. who                  C. where               D. whose
Question 10. A. approximately          B. inevitably           C. practically         D. partially
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II. Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions. (2.0 points)
     Legend has it that sometime toward the end of the Civil War (1861-1865) a government train
carrying oxen traveling through the northern plains of eastern Wyoming was caught in a snowstorm
and had to be abandoned. The driver returned the next spring to see what had become of his cargo.
Instead of the skeletons he had expected to find, he saw his oxen, living, fat, and healthy. How had
they survived?
     The answer lay in a resource that unknowing Americans lands trampled underfoot in their haste
to cross the "Great American Desert" to reach lands that sometimes proved barren. In the eastern
parts of the United States, the preferred grass for forage was a cultivated plant. It grew well with
enough rain, then when cut and stored it would cure and become nourishing hay for winter feed. But
in the dry grazing lands of the West that familiar bluejoint grass was often killed by drought. To raise
cattle out there seemed risky or even hopeless.
     Who could imagine a fairy-tale grass that required no rain and somehow made it possible for
cattle to feed themselves all winter? But the surprising western wild grasses did just that. They had
wonderfully convenient features that made them superior to the cultivated eastern grasses.
     Variously known as buffalo grass, grama grass, or mesquite grass, not only were they immune
to drought; but they were actually preserved by the lack of summer and autumn rains. They were not
juicy like the cultivated eastern grasses, but had short, hard stems. And they did not need to be cured
in a barn, but dried right where they grew on the ground. When they dried in this way, they remained
naturally sweet and nourishing through the winter. Cattle left outdoors to fend for themselves thrived
on this hay. And the cattle themselves helped plant the fresh grass year after year for they trampled
the natural seeds firmly into the soil to be watered by the melting snows of winter and the occasional
rains of spring. The dry summer air cured them much as storing in a barn cured the cultivated grasses.
                                                               (Adapted from: TOEFL Reading Practice)
Question 1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
    A. Western migration after the Civil War.            B. The climate of the western United States.
    C. The raising of cattle.                            D. A type of wild vegetation.
Question 2. What can be inferred by the phrase "Legend has it" paragraph 1?
    A. The story of the train may not be completely factual.
    B. Most history books include the story of the train.
    C. The driver of the train invented the story.
    D. The story of the train is similar to others at that time.
Question 3. The word "they" in paragraph 1 refers to
    A. plains                    B. skeletons            C. oxen               D. Americans
Question 4. What can be inferred about the "Great American Desert" mentioned in paragraph 2?
    A. It was not originally assumed to be a fertile area.
    B. Many had settled there by the 1860's.
    C. It was a popular place to raise cattle before the Civil War.
    D. It was not discovered until the late 1800's.
Question 5. The word "barren" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
    A. lonely                    B. dangerous            C. uncomfortable      D. infertile.
Question 6. Which of the following can be inferred about the cultivated grass mentioned in the
second paragraph?
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   A. Cattle raised in the western United States refused to eat it.
   B. It would probably not grow in the western United States.
   C. It had to be imported into the United States.
   D. It was difficult for cattle to digest.
Question 7. Which of the following was NOT one of the names given to the Western grasses?
   A. Grama grass                B. Bluejoint grass     C. Buffalo grass        D. Mesquite grass
Question 8. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a characteristic of western grasses?
   A. They have tough stems.                           B. They are not affected by dry weather.
   C. They can be grown indoors.                       D. They contain little moisture.
Question 9. The word "hard" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to
   A. firm                       B. severe             C. difficult             D. bitter
Question 10. According to the passage, the cattle helped promote the growth of the wild grasses by
   A. stepping on and pressing the seeds into the ground.
   B. naturally fertilizing the soil.
   C. continually moving from one grazing area to another.
   D. eating only small quantities of grass.
III. Read the following passage and circle the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions. (2.0 points)
      Jazz has been called “the art of expression set to music”, and “America’s great contribution
 to music”. It has functioned as popular art and enjoyed periods of fairly widespread public
 response, in the “jazz age” of the 1920s, in the “swing era” of the late 1930s and in the peak
 popularity of modern jazz in the late 1950s. The standard legend about Jazz is that it originated
 around the end of the 19th century in New Orleans and moved up the Mississippi River to
 Memphis, St. Louis, and finally to Chicago. It welded together the elements of Ragtime, marching
 band music, and the Blues. However, the influences of what led to those early sounds goes back
 to tribal African drum beats and European musical structures. Buddy Bolden, a New Orleans
 barber and cornet player, is generally considered to have been the first real Jazz musician, around
 1891.
      What made Jazz significantly different from the other earlier forms of music was the use of
 improvisation. Jazz displayed a break from traditional music where a composer wrote an entire
 piece of music on paper, leaving the musicians to break their backs playing exactly what was
 written on the score. In a Jazz piece, however, the song is simply a starting point, or sort of skeletal
 guide for the Jazz musicians to improvise around. Actually, many of the early Jazz musicians were
 bad sight readers and some couldn’t even read music at all. Generally speaking, these early
 musicians couldn’t make very much money and were stuck working menial jobs to make a living.
 The second waveof New Orleans Jazz musicians included such memorable players as Joe Oliver,
 Kid Ory, and Jelly Roll Morton. These men formed small bands and took the music of earlier
 musicians, improved its complexity, and gained greater success. This music is known as “hot Jazz”
 due to the enormously fast speeds and rhythmic drive.
     A young cornet player by the name of Louis Armstrong was discovered by Joe Oliver in New
Orleans. He soon grew up to become one of the greatest and most successful musicians of all time,
and later one of the biggest stars in the world. The impact of Armstrong and other talented early Jazz
musicians changed the way we look at music.
                              (Adapted from: A-Collection-of-TOEFL-Reading-Comprehension-Tests)
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Question 1. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The reason why Ragtime, marching band music, and the Blues lost popularity.
B. The origins of Jazz and how it differed from other forms of music.
C. The greatest contribution of cornet players to music in the twentieth century.
D. The early Jazz musicians most influenced the development of Blues music.
Question 2. The word “it” in paragraph 1 refers to
A. music                       B. Jazz                  C. art                D. contribution
Question 3. According to the passage, Jazz originated in
A. Chicago                                              B. St. Louis
C. New Orleans                                          D. along the Mississippi river
Question 4. The word “welded” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
A. squeezed                    B. bound                 C. added              D. stirred
Question 5. Which of the following distinguished Jazz as a new form of musical expression?
A. the use of cornets          B. “hot Jazz”            C. improvisation      D. traditional music
Question 6. The word “skeletal” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
A. framework                   B. musical               C. basic              D. essential
Question 7. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. many early Jazz musicians had poor sight.
B. there is no slow music in Jazz.
C. many early Jazz musicians had little formal musical training.
D. the cornet is the most common musical instrument used in Jazz.
Question 8. The word “menial” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
A. mental                      B. attractive            C. degrading          D. skilled
Question 9. According to the passage, which of the following belonged to the second wave of New
Orleans Jazz musicians?
A. Louis Armstrong             B. Buddy Bolden          C. St. Louis          D. Kid Ory
Question 10. All of the following are true EXCEPT
A. Modern jazz became the most popular in the late 1950s.
B. Louis Armstrong was one of the greatest stars in the world.
C. Jazz has been said to be America’s greatest contribution to music.
D. Joe Oliver is generally considered to be the first real Jazz musician.
Read the passage and do the tasks that follow.
‘FREEBIE’ MARKETING
A. In the late 1890s, while travelling as an itinerant salesperson for the Crown, Cork and Seal
Company, King C. Gillette observed how his corked bottle caps were discarded immediately after
opening. Nevertheless, his company turned a healthy profit and there was immense business value,
Gillette soon came to realise. In a product that was used only a few times, Gillette had his own
personal breakthrough while struggling with a straight-bladed razor—a slow, fiddly and potentially
dangerous instrument that required sharpening on a regular basis. A simple, disposable blade that
could be thrown away when it dulled would meet a real need and generate strong profits, he
correctly reasoned. After founding the American Safety Razor Company in 1901, his sales leapt
from 168 blades in 1903 to 123,648 blades only a year later.
B. What King C. Gillette pioneered is far more than a convenient and affordable way for men to
shave, however, it is the business practice now known as “freebie marketing” that has inspired many
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more companies over the years. Gillette's approach was contrary to the received wisdom of his era,
which held that a single, durable, high-quality and relatively expensive consumer item with a high
profit margin was the best foundation for a business. Freebie marketing involves two sets of items: a
master product that is purchased once, and a consumable product that is frequently disposed of and
repurchased on an ongoing basis. In this instance, the master product is often sold with little to no
profit margin and is sometimes even dispensed at a loss. As the consumables are purchased over
months and years, however, this can yield a much greater overall profit.
C. Freebie marketing only works if the producer of the master item is also able to maintain control
over the creation and distribution of the consumables. If this does not happen, then cheaper versions
of the consumable items may be produced, leaving the original company without a source of profit.
The video game company Atari, for example, initially sold its Atari 2600 consoles at cost price
while relying on game sales for profit. Several programmers left Atari, however, and began a new
company called Activision which produced cheaper games of a similar quality. Suddenly, Atari was
left with no way to make money. Lawsuits to block Activision failed, and Atari survived only by
adding licensing measures to its subsequent 5200 and 7800 consoles.
D. In other instances, consumers sometimes find that uses for a master product circumvent the need
to purchase consumables. This phenomenon is well known to have afflicted the producers of CueCat
barcode readers. These were given away free through Wired magazine with the intention that they
would be used by customers to scan barcodes next to advertisements in the publication and thus
generate new revenue flows. Users discovered, however, that the machines could be easily modified
and used for other purposes, such as building a personal database of book and CD collections. As no
licensing agreement was ever reached between Wired and its magazine subscribers, CueCat were
powerless to intervene, and after company liquidation the barcode readers soon became available in
quantities over 500,000 for as little as US$ 0.30 each.
E. Not all forms of freebie marketing are legal. One notable example of this is the use of freebie
marketing to “push” habit-forming goods in areas where there is otherwise no market. For illegal
substances this is already restricted on the basis of the products illegality, but the use of freebie
marketing to promote legal goods such as tobacco, alcohol and pharmaceuticals is also outlawed
because the short-term gain to a small number of commercial outlets is not deemed worth the social
cost of widespread substance abuse.
F. Another practice that is prohibited under antitrust laws is a form of freebie marketing known as
“tying”. This is when a seller makes the sale of one good conditional on the acquisition of a second
good. In these instances the first good is typically important and highly desirable, while the second
is inferior and undesirable. A music distributor who has the rights to an album that is in high
demand, for example, might only allow stores to purchase copies of this album if they also buy
unpopular stock that does not sell very easily. Because this typically relies on the manipulation of a
natural monopoly on the part of the distributor, such practices are widely understood to constitute
anti-competitive behavior.
For questions 1-5: The passage has six sections, A-F. Choose the correct heading for each
section from the list below. Write the correct number, i-ix, in boxes 1-5. Three of the headings
don’t fit.
List of Headings
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i.           No giveaways for addictive products
ii.          Sales of razor blades increase astronomically
iii.         Monopoly of consumables is vital for success
iv.          Video gaming as a risky business
v.           A novel method of dual marketing ruled out
vi.          Freebie marketing restricted to legal goods
vii.         Buyer ingenuity may lead to bankruptcy
viii.        A marketing innovation
ix.          A product innovation
Example: Section A: ix
                                     PART D - WRITING (4.0 points)
I. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the
sentence printed before it. Write your answers in the spaces provided. (0) has been done as an
example (1.0 point)
Question 1. It was wrong of her to allow a 3-year-old child to stay at home alone.
 She should
_____________________________________________________________________.
Question 2. Peter only takes over the family business because his father decided to retire early.
 If it ___________________________________________________________________________.
Question 3. “I am sorry I didn’t buy you the gift you liked on your last birthday, Rose”, said the
boy.
The boy apologized _____________________________________________________________.
Question 4. My motorbike has been repaired, so Jarvis doesn’t have to give me a lift.
 My motorbike has been repaired, so there ____________________________________________.
Question 5. People believe that many anonymous poetic satires and letters were attributed to this
mythical personage.
 Many anonymous poetic _________________________________________________________.
Question 6. “I must have made a mistake in the calculations,” Ann said.
 Ann admitted ________________________________________________________.
Question 7. John is exhausted today because he didn’t sleep last night.
 If __________________________________________________________________.
Question 8. Tim was suspected of selling stolen goods. The police have investigated him for days.
 Suspected __________________________________________________________.
Question 9. Immediately after his arrival, things went wrong.
 Hardly _____________________________________________________________.
Question 10. Jack doesn’t know all the answers, though he pretends to.
 Jack acts ___________________________________________________________.
II. Rewrite the following sentences with the given words in such a way that the second sentence
has the same meaning as the first one. Do not change the form of the words in brackets. You must
use NO MORE THAN FIVE WORDS, including the word given. (0) has been done as an example.
(1.0 point)
Question 1. John is different from his father in almost aspects.                           (BEARS)
 John __________________________________________________________________ his
father.
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Question 2. Children and older people are much more prone to infection than young adults. (PICK)
Children and older people _____________________________________ easily than young adults.
Question 3. Zoe started her work at 8 am and when you called at 6 pm, she was still working.
(HOURS)
 Zoe had __________________________________________________________ when you called.
Question 4. My mom’s not happy with me at all because she heard me swearing.               (BOOKS)
  I am _______________________________________________ because she heard me swearing.
Question 5. Despite antibiotics’ effectiveness against bacteria, they do not work against viruses. (AS)
  Effective ___________________________________, they do not work against viruses.
Question 6. Laura’s teacher says she doesn’t have a serious enough attitude to her work.
(SERIOUSLY)
   Laura doesn’t take ___________________________________ according to her teacher.
Question 7. The collision didn’t damage his car much. (DONE)
   Not a great _________________________________________ to his car in the collision.
Question 8. Because he was injured, he couldn’t play in the next game. (PREVENTED)
   His ________________________________________ in the next game.
Question 9. He was not given details of the company’s new plans. (DARK)
   He was ___________________________________ details of the company’s new plans.
Question 10. David tried to remain impartial in the quarrel between his two sisters. (SIDES)
   David tried _________________________________ the quarrel between his two sisters.
III. Writing essay (2 points)
       Write an essay (between 220 and 250 words) about the following topic:
       In the past few weeks, ChatGPT has become so hot that many people, especially
youngsters, are eager to welcome it. While some people believe that it does more harm than
good, some others hold the opposite ideas.
       What’s your opinion? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from
your own knowledge or experience.
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