Sri Ramakrishna Matric Higher Secondary school

S.N.R college road, coimbatore -641006

REGISTER NUMBER :

This project is done by : Anupriya .S

For His/Her Higher Secondary Public Exam(2022-
2023) under The Gudiance provided by

Mrs.R.Chitra. M.Sc,B.ED,DCA
( Teacher in charge )

Signature of Internalexaminer Signature of Externalexaminer

Signature of the Principal

 Acknowledgement
I am Anupriya.S of standard 12th and I glad to
present my biology project on the topic AANAIMALAI
WILDLIFE SANCTUARY AND ZOOLOGICAL PARK
( INDHIRA GANDHI NATIONAL PARK)

I would like to take their opportunity to express

special gratitude to my biology teacher
Mrs.R.CHITRA for valuable guidiance at each and
every step on my project and as well as our principal
Mr.RUPESH KUMAR. K.He gave me the wonderful
opportunity and providing me with all the required
facilities.

The opportunity to participate in the project has

helped me to improving my research skills and
knowledge and I am really grateful to them.

I would like to thank my family, friends and my

teacher for constantly encouraging me during this
project which I couldnot have completed without their
support and continuous encouragement.

Yours obediently
Anupriya.S
COLLECTION
S. Tr
NO CONTENT sign

Thumb
01 impression

Anaimalai
02 wildlife
sanctuary
 THUMB
IMPRESSION
1. DETERMINE THE UNIVERSALITY OF VARIATIONS
BY STUDYING THUMB IMPRESSIONS IN A GIVEN
POPULATION

PROCEDURE:

a) Collect around 15-25 thumb impression

fromwithin the families of your area or among
classes of your school.
b) identify and compare the occurrence of
thegeneral patterns like
◽circular[whorls]
◽loops
◽arches
Record your results in thefom of 'bar diagrams
using frequencies of the patten collected in a graph
sheet.
c) Even though many of them shared the
samepattern of imprint no two imprints were the
same.
Arch Loop Whorl
list of thumbprint Thumb print type

whorls loops Arches

whorls loops Arches

whorls loops Arches

whorls loops Arches

ANAIMALAI
WILDLIFE
SANCTUARY
 ANAMALAI TIGER RESERVE
(INDRA GANDHI WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
AND NATIONAL PARK)

◽Aanaimalai Tiger Reserve, earlier known as

Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park
(IGWLS&NP) and previously as Aanaimalai Wildlife
Sanctuary, is a protected area located in the
Aanaimalai.Hills of Pollachi and Valparai taluks of
Coimbatore District and Udumalaipettai taluk in
Tiruppur District, Tamil Nadu, India.
◽The Tamil Nadu Environment and Forests
Department by a notification dated 27 June 2007
declared an extent of 958.59 km that encompassed the
erstwhile IGWLS&NP or Aanaimalai Wildlife Sanctuary,
as Aanaimalai Tiger Reserve under the Wildlife
Protection Act, 1972.
◽According to the National Tiger
Conservation Authority, the Reserve presently includes
a core area of 958.59 km and buffer/ peripheral area of
521.28 kms forming a total area of 1479.87 km²
HISTORY
🐾By the mid-1800s, large tracts of Valparai
plateau in the Anamalais were under intense tea or
coffee plantations after deforestation of the natural.By
1866 two-thirds of the plantations were owned by
Europeans and the remaining by Indians from coastal
towns. Since most native inhabitants either reruseo to
Work or were inefficient workers, labour for plantations
Was brought from the plains of Tamil Nadu to clear
forests and grow coffee.Some parts of the forest
however were reserved for timber including large areas
around Top Slip. This part of the Western Ghats, under
the Bombay Presidency were exploited extensively for
teak which was supplied to the Bombay Dockvard for
shipbuilding and later for railroad ties.In 1855, this area
came under sustainable forest management for teak
plantations by the pioneering efforts Douglas Hamilton
and Dr. H. F. Cleghorn of the new Tamil Nadu Forest
Department. In the early 1900s, protection of the Karian
Sholas was also ensured (Johnsingh 2006a).The area
was notified as Anaimalai Wildlife Sanctuary in 1974. of
its unique habitats at 3 places- Karian Shola, Grass hill
Manjampatti Valley were notified as a National Park in
1989. The 108 square kilometres (42 sq m) National
Park is the core area of the 958 square kilometres (370
sq m) Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary. lGWS was
declared a Project Tiger Reserve in 2008.The Park and
the Sanctuary is under consideration by UNESCO as
part of The Western Ghats World Heritage site .

Geography
The sanctuary has six administrative ranges:

◽Pollachi: A southern suburban town of

Coimbatore, it has Range Headquarters at Aanaimalai
Farm: 109.72 square kilometres (42.36 sq m)
◽Valparai: Water Falls: 171.5 square
kilometres (66.2 sq m) Ulandy Top Slip: 75.93 square
kilometres (29.32 sq m)
◽Amaravathi: Amaravathi Nagar: 172.5
square kilometres (66.6 sq m) and Udumalpet: 290.18
square kilometres (112.04 sq m).
🐾 IGWLS is adjacent to Parambikulam
Wildlife Sanctuary to the west. The Core area of
Manjampatti Valley is a 110 km (42 sq m) drainage
basin at the eastern end of the park. Manjampatti Valley
is contiguous with Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary to the
south and the proposed Palani Hills Wildlife Sanctuary
and National Park to the East elevation ranges between
340 meters (1,120) and 2,513 meters (8,245) above
MSL there are several named peaks over 2,000 meters
(6600).
🐾Mean annual rainfall is between 500
millimetres (20 in) in the south western fringes and
4500 millimetres (180 in) This on the north east.
Sanctuary iS an important watershed for the
agricultural economy and power supply in other parts
of TamilNadu. Major Reservoir, Aliyar Aliyar Reservoir,
Kadambarai, Sholayar Dam and Amaravathi Dam are
fed by the perennial rivers which originate from
reservoirs like Parambikulam Reservoir, Thirumurthi
Reservoir, Upper Aliyar Reservoir, Kadambarai, Sholayar
Dam and Amaravathi Dam are fed by the perennial river
which originate from the sanctuary.

TRIBAL COMMUNITIES
🐾The IGWS has significant anthropological
diversity with 4600 Adivasi people more than from six
tribes of indigenous people living in 34 settlements. The
tribes are the kadras malasars, malaimalasar pulaiyars,
muduvars and the eravalla (eravalar ).

FAUNA
🐾Threatened species of mammals in the
sanctuary include: the endangered Bengal tiger, Indian
elephant, Indian leopard 'dhole, Nilgiritahr and lion-tailed
macaque,the vulnerable brown mongoose, gaur,
Malabar spiny dormouse, Nilgiri langur, rusty-spotted
cat, Sambar deer, sloth bear and smooth-coated otter,
the near threatened Indian giant squirrel, Indian leopard
and Indian pangolin.
🐾Animals of least concern here include:
golden jackal, leopard cat, junglecat, spotted deer,
barking deer, mouse deer, wild boar, common langur,
bonnet macaque, Asian palm civet, small Indian civet,
Indian gray mongoose, striped necked mangoose ruddy
mongoose, grey slender loris, Indian giant squirrel,
Indian pangolin, Indian crested porcupine, Indian
porcupine and threebstriped palm squirrel.Over 250
species of birds have been identified in the park. Some
of the most important groups are cormorants, ducks,
teal, darter, partridge, quail, jungle fowl, spurfowl,
Indianpeafowl, parakeets, hornbills, barbets, drongos,
orioles, shrikes, warblers, Old World fly catchers,
woodpeckers, leafbird, trogons, kingfishers, storks,
egrets, Lesser fish eagles, hawk eagles, harriers,
falcons, kites, owls and night jars. It is alsohome to the
nearthreatened great Indian hornbill.
It is home to 15 of 16 species of birds endemic to the
Western Ghats.
🐾Amphibians and Reptiles include many
rare and endemic forms. Some endemic amphibians
are the ancient and elusive purple frog, toad skinned
frog, thinlegged leaping Gadgil's torrent frog and Forest
torrent frog. frogs, Anaimalai flying frog, bush frogs and
caecilian such the Reptiles include Uraeotyphlus. Indian
rock python, King cobras, Indian as the endangered
monitor lizards, Malabar pit vipers, Large-scaled green
pit Vipers, Nilgiri keelbacks, some 20 species of curious
little shield tail snakes, Large-scaled forest lizards,
Nilgiri forest lizard, flying lizards, Ristella skinks forest
cane turtles, and Travancore tortoises. 315 species of
butterflies belonging to five families have been
identified in the Anaimalai Hills. 44 are endemic to the
Western Ghats.

ANAIMALAI TIGER RESERVE

🐾The Steering Committee of Project Tiger
granted approval in principle to inclusion of Indira
Gandhi WLS and NP under Project Tiger in 2005.
IGWS was declared a Project Tiger sanctuary in 2008.
Continuance of Proient Tiger' in Anamalai Tiger Reserve
for FY 2010/11, at the cost of Rs. 23547,000, was
approved by the National Tiger Conservation Authority
on 31 August 2010.
 🐾This tiger reserve, together with the
several other contiguous protected forest and
grassland habitats, is the core of the Parambikulum-
Indira Gandhi tiger habitat landscape complex, with
tiger occupancy area of about 3,253 km² (1,256 sq m)
and an estimated meta population of 42 tigers.

FLORA
▪ The park is home to a wide variety of fiora and
fauna typical of the South Western Ghats.
There are over 2000 species plants of which
about 400 species are of prime medicinal
value. The diverse topography and rainfall
gradient allow a wide variety of vegetation
comprising a mix of natural and man-made
habitats.The former includes wet ever green
forest and semievergreen forest, montane
shola grassland, moist deciduous, dry forests,
 thorn forest and marshes. Tropical wet
evergreen forest is found at an altitude of
600m to1,600m.
▪ Tropical montane forests occur at higher
elevations and are interspersed with montane
grasslands, forming the shola-grassland
complex. Much of the original evergreen forest
now contains introduced teak plantations.
Bamboo st ands and reeds occur in the natural
forests. Tree cover is provided by Hopea
parviflora, Mesuaferrea,
Calophyllumn tomentosum, Vateriandica,
Culleniaexcelsaand Mangifera indica,
Machilusmacrantha, Alstoniascholaris, Evodiamelia
efolia, Ailanthus and Malabaricum and Eucalyptus
grandis.. The area is home to Podocarpus wallichianus,
a rare South Indian species of conifer.
 SITE DESCRIPTION
🐾 Anamalai Wildlife Sanctuary, also called
Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary is spread over an area
of
98,700 ha. On its western side lies the Parambikulam
Wildlife Sanctuary (an 1BA) of Kerala which covers
28,500 ha. The inter-state boundary between Tamil
Nadu and Kerala separates the two protected areas
administratively, but ecologically there is no barrier.
The terrain is largely hilly with altitude varying from 350
m to 2,500 m.
🐾The Anamalai Hills cover an area of about
2,00,000 ha in the Western Ghats. Between the
Anamalai Hills in the south and the Nilgiri Plateau in the
north, is a 25 km wide stretch of flat land called the
Palghat Gap, whichhas been an important
biogeographic barrier for certain birds and other taxa.
This isolation from the northern ranges has resulted in
speciation in many plant and animal groups in the
Anamalai Hills (Rodgers and Panwar 1988).
🐾The altitudinal range (<150 m to >2500 m)
has led to a variety of habitats. Due to these factors,
Anamalai Hills have assumed special conservation
importance. Protected areas cover three- quarters of
the total area of Anamalai Hills, of which Anamalai and
Parambikulam Sanctuaries form more than 80% The
vegetation can be divided into five broad categories:
Tropical Evergreen Rainforest, Tropical Montane Forest,
Grassland and Moist Dry Deciduous Forest).
🐾 Important plant species include Michelia
nilagirica, Rhododendron arboreum, Cymb opogon sp.
Terminalia-Anogeissus-Tectona grandis series, pure
stands of Bambusa arundinacea and Dendrocalamus
strictus. Monocultures include plantations of tea Thea
sinensis, coffee Coffee arabica, Cinchona cinchona sp.,
rubber Ficus sp. and teak Tectona grandis which
surround this IBA.
KEY BIODIVERSITY

AVI FAUNA:
From 1991 to 1993 in a bird survey in Indira
Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park a total of
218 bird spieces were recorded.Of these 12 were
endemic and 75 were typically rain forest spieces.In a
recent study that was confined to two ranges (Uandy
and Pollachi) of this IBA, 139 species were recorded, of
which 10 are restricted range and three are Vuinerable
(Sivakumaran and Rahmani 2002) The Vulnerable Nilgiri
Wood-Pigeon Columba elphinstoni, and Near
Threatened Great Pied Hornbill Buceros bicornis are
breeding residents in the Sanctuary, mainly in
KariyanShola, Anaikunthy-Shola, Varagalaiyar, and
Vanathiarshola ot Ulandy Range, and the other ranges
such as Valparal and Manjam Patty.Ceylon Frogmouth
Batrachostomus moniiger, an uncommon species,
breeds in Kariyan-Shola, and probably in other sholas
also (Sivakumaran and Rahmani, 2002). Stattersfield et
al. (1998) have listed 16 restricted range species in the
Western Ghats Endemic Bird Area. In this IBA site,
15have been recorded till now (Raman 2001,
Sivakumaran and Rahmani 2002). Except for the Nilgiri
Laughingthrush Garrulax cachinnans, which IS in any
case not found south of the Palghat Gap (Ali and Ripley
1987, Grimmett et al. 1998), all the endemic birds of
theWestern Ghats were seen.
This is one of the IBAs in the Western Ghats where
every expected endemic has been found. Besides
threatened species, this site also has five Near
Threatened species. This lBA lies in the Biome10
(Indian Peninsula Tropical Moist Forest), according to
the classification by BirdLife International Fifteen
species have been listed in this biome, of which ten are
found at this site.

OTHER KEY OF FAUNA:

🐾The Anamalai Wildlife Sanctuary, the
Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary and the Eravikulam
National Park in conjunction with the adjacent forests
forma vital conservation unit for many endangered
large mammals including the Asian Elephant Eephas
maximus and the Nilgiri Tahr Hemitragus hylocrius
(Rodgers and Panwar 1988). Mishra and Johnsingh
(1994) estimate between 560 and 680 Tahrs in
Anamalai and Parambikulam Sanctuaries, and between
1,360 and 1,480 if we include Eravikulam also - this
conservation unit contains approximately half of the
existing population of Nilgiri Tahr in the wild. Tiger
Panthera tigris, Leopard Panthera pardus and Dhole or
Wild Dog Cuon alpinus are the major predators of Tahr
in the area. This area has a viable population of
GaurBos frontalis.Mammals endemic to the Western
Ghats, besides the Nilgiri Tahr, include the Lion-tailed
Macaque Macaca silenus, the Nilgiri Langur
Trachypithecus johni, the Dusky-striped Squirrel
Funambulus sublineatus, and the Travancore Flying
Squirrel Petinomys fuscocapillus

MAMMALS

Elephant (Elephas aximus), Gaur (Bos gaurus), Wild

boar (Sus scroja), Chital (Cervus axis), Sambar muntjak)
and the Giant Squirrel (Ratufa indica) are quite
commonly sighted. (Cervus unicolor), Muntjac
(Muntiacus muntjak) and the giant squirrel(Ratufa
indica) are quite commonly sighted.
Leopard (Panthera alpinus) are found here,
the Leopard is This park is home to 4 species of
southern primates which in itself is a testimony to the
wide range of vegetation found here. The Common
pardus) and the Dhole Langur (Semnopithecus entellus)
and the Bonnet Macaque (Macaca radiata) are
creatures of deciduous forests, while the Nilgiri Langur
(TrachypithecUS johnii) and the Lion tailed macaque
(LTM) Macaca Silenus) are creatures of wet forests, the
latter being restricted to evergreen patches between
600-1500m (2000 -3500 feet). The appropriately named
LTM, iS a black monkey, and a long grey mane frames
its face. The tail has a distinct tuft at the end, very
prominent in adult males. The Nilgiri Langur is a striking
creature, totally black except for long silveryhair
framing a black face and the forest resounds with its
booming callIs at dawn and dusk. The range of both
these monkeys, which are endemic to the Western
Ghats, overlap throughout the Park, though the Nilgiri
Langur has a wider distribution and can been seen in
the tourism zone in Karian Shola.
 BIRDS
🐾The Anamalai Wildlife Sanctuary is a
veritable paradise for Bird watchers. One awakes to the
melodious song ot tne Malabar whistling thrush and the
strident calls of Grey Jungle fowl. The shola patches
such as Karian Shola Anakundi and Varagaliar sholas
are filled with calls of parakeets, barbets, hill mynas,
and Malabar grey hornbills. Secretive Laughing
Thrushes lurk in the undergrowth while the canopy,
especially fruiting fig trees can come alive With mixed
hunting parties and one may even be rewarded by the
sight of a flock of Great Pied Hornbills. Other birds one
may be lucky to spot are the Ceylon frogmouth and the
Malabar trogon.
REPTILES 🙃
The rich and varied vegetation provide perfect habitat
for a variety of amphibians and reptiles including
colourful tree frogs, flying frogs, cryptic toads etc. The
king cobra, krait, python, vine snake are amongst a wide
variety found here. Amongst the turtles are the forest
cane turtle, the rare Travancore tortoise & star tortoise.
Flying lizards, Chameleon, Forest Calotes may be
spotted by a keen Visitor.
 TIGERS ANAMALAI ARCHIVE
🐾It is located in the Anaimalai Range Pollachi,
Valparai and Udumalai districts of the Coimbatore
district in the state of Tamil Nadu in southern India.
Formerly known as the Anaimalai Wildlife Sanctuary,
the Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary covers an area of
958 km2 and covers an area of 108 km².

VEGETATION
The Anamalai Reserve encompasses a starting versity
of vegetation and the key to understanding tnis es in
the topography of the area. The mountains run in a
north-south direction and the rainbearing monsoon
Winds are southwesternly. As a result, the western
(windward) sIopes and the higher eastern slopes
receive copious precipitation while the middle and
lovwer eastern slopes Tall within the rain-shadow. This
is reflected in the great variation in rainfall figures (see
above) which in turn affects the vegetation.
This ranges from southern thorny forest
confined to the foothills and goes up to approximately
600m in the area where rainfall is lowest. Southern
tropical, dry deciduous forests ocCur in areas having
rainfall of approximately 150cm and at heights ranging
from 300 m to 1000m. Dry savannah forests, tropical
moist deciduous forest and tropical wet evergreen
forests are also found within the boundaries of this
park. The upper reaches are clothed by southern
montane wet temperate forests and occur at altitudes
of 1350m and above, and are characterised by rolling
grasslands interspersed with true sholas that Occupy
the drainages. Among the dominant tree species are
Palanquin ellipticum, Rhododendron, Hopea, Dalbergia,
Teak, Venteak, Terminalia, Acacias etc.

DECLARED WORLD HERITAGE SITE IS

UNDER CONSIDERATION
The are under study park and museum by
UNESCO to declare the Western Ghats a World Heritage
SIte. The Anamalai Storage Area is located in the Palani
Hills of Dindigul District.

HOW TO REACH :Anamalai Tiger Reserve is well

connected to the major cities and towns in the
neighbourhood. The Reserve does not have a railway
station or an airport, but has a road leading up from
Pollachi. The best way to reach Anamalai Tiger Reserve
would be by tyein to Coimbatore and a trip by road the
rest of the way.
 By Air: The nearest airport is the Coimbatore
International Airport that serves domestic flights to
some Indian cities and international flights to
Singapore, Colombo and Sharjah. You can get to the
Reserve with a cab hired trom the airport.

By Train: Coimbatore's railway network is well

connected with several major cities around the country.
You could travel by train to Coimbatore and take a cab
to Anamala. Otherwise you could travel by train to
Pollachi, which is the nearest railway station and travel
a shorter distance by cab.
Getting Around: The reserve has safari trucks and
jeeps that can De used for a tour inside the Reserve.

WEATHER AND BEST TIMETO VISIT:

Anamalai is lush and leafy enough to be
visited any tume of the year. There is an overall
pleasing environment, Dut as you get the occasion to
go trekking or riding an elepnant in good seasons, the
most ideal times are considered to be from December
to June.

Summer ( March - May): Summers are warm with

occasIonal pre mons0on showers. You might get to see
animals at waterholes or sunning themselves on the
tocks after a co0ol winter. A great photographic time of
the year, summer is peak tourist season in Anamalal.

Monsoon (June - November): Monsoon rains are

unpredictable, with both southwest and northeast
monsoon rains ranging from the average to rather
heavy showers. Treks and elephant safaris might be
cancelled due to rains and though monsoon does turn
the landscape most romantic, you might consider this
lean tourist period.

Winter (December- February): Winters are cool,

pleasant months, made fresh and verdant by the
monsoon. This is the best time for trekking and
photography. Take a trip to the enchanting waterfalls,
dams and hill stations that lie around Anamalai.

A day in the forest: Spend a day of adventure in the

forest going on bump Orest tracks on safaris, or sway
along an elephant s Dack to watch more pachyderms.
Put on your trekking shoes and stride through the
hidden pathways, hoping to spo the stealthy tiger.

The legendary Teak of the Western Ghats: Get

amazed at the girth of the Parambikulam teak trepe.
The Mahavriksha Puraskar stands tall and stately, a
liVing legend of the jungles.
 Elephant Camp: Visit the Kozhikamuthi Eephant Camp
to spend an with the elephants. atch them getting
scrubbeed down squeaky clean in the stream and fed
huge balls of ragi, jaggery and salt.

GRASS HILLS: Go trekking on the lush slopes of the

Grass Hills near Valparai. The mountain streams
meander by, the wild animals call from the distance and
the beautiful butterflies flutter over the wild flowers.

Water Falls: Gentle cascades or roaring torrents,

waterfalls have a magic about them. The Athirapilly,
Charpa, Thirumoorthy, Vazhachal and Monkey Falls
near Anamalai are some of nature's Own marvels.
Elephant seen in Anaimalai
national park
Tiger seen in Anaimalai Tiger
Reserve
 OVERVIEW

The area 117.10 Km of Indira Gandhi Wildite

tuary was declared as a National Park in the year o
1989. Ihe Steering Committee of Project Tiger granted
approval n principle to inclusion of Indira Gandhi WLS
and NP under Project Tiger in 2005. Indira Gandhi
Wildlife Sanctuary was declared a Project Tiger
sanctuary in 2008. Continuance of Project iger in
Anamalai Tiger Reserve for FY 201O/11, at the cost of F
23547,000, was approved by the tiger national
Conservation Authority on 31August 2010.
AREA:
❖ Indira Gandhi (Anamalai) Wildlife Sanctuary
- 841.49 Km
❖ Indira Gandhi (Anamalai) National
❖ Park - 117.10 Km

The elevation varies from 340m to 2400 m The

annual rainfall varies from 800 mm to 4500 mm .The
temperature varies from a high of 35°C in the lower
altitudes, in summer to a low of 0°C in the higher
elevations during Winter.
Forest Types:
Tropical wet evergreen forest.
 Southern tropical moist deciduous forest.
Southern Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest.
Southern Montane Wet Temperate Forest.
Southern tropical thorn Forest.
Dry Savannah Forest .
Southern Bamboo Forest.
Dominant flora :
◽The floral diversity has been estimated to be
over 2000 species, of which about 400 species are of
medicinal importance. The Karian Shola NP has been
identified and designated as a Medicinal Plant
Conservation Area (MPCA) due to its medicinal plant
diversity. Apart from its rich tree diversity, over 100
species of orchids, a wide variety of ferns, grasses,
palms and canes abode here.Teak, Bamboo, Reeds,
Hopea parviflora, Mesua ferrea, Calophylum
tomentosum, Vateria indica, Cullenia excelsa,
Mangifera indica, Machilus macrantha, Alstonia
scholaris, Evodia meliaefolia, Ailanthus, EUcalyptus
grandis, Podocarpus wallichianus etc.
Dominant fauna
Mammals-Tiger, Panther, Asiatic Wild Elephants, Gaur,
Sloth Bear, Spotted Deer, Wild Bear, Porcupine, Wild
Dog9. iying Squirrel, Jackal, Civet Cat, Pangolin,
SamDar,
Muntjac, Giant Squirrel, Common Langur, The Nilgiri
Langur, Ine Bonnet, Nilgiri Tahr, Stripped-necked
mongoose, Common Otter, Smooth Indian Otter, Nilgiri
marten, Black naped Indian Hare, Bandicoot Rat, Grey
musk shrew etc.
Birds- Rocket-tailed Drongo, Red Tree Pie, Whiskered
Bulbul, Spotted Dove, Black Headed Oriole, Pigeon, Grey
Jungle Fowl, Malabar Whistling Thrush, Great Pied
Hornbill, Malabar Hornbill, Mountain perial Pigeon,
Black Eagle, Crested Goshawk, Rufous bellied Eagle,
Jerdon's
Baza, Mountain Hawk Eagle, Peregrine Falcon, Owl.
Grey
Jungle fowl, Painted Bush quail, Ceylon Frogmouth,
Peregrine Falcon, Painted Bush Quail, White-bellied
Woodpecker, Nilgiri Wood Pigeon, Dollar Bird, Asian
Fairy Bluebird, Wynad Laughing Thrush Parakeets,
Babblers, Drongos, White-bellied Shortwing, Hill Myna,
Nilgiri Flycatcher etc.
Reptiles- king cobra, krait, python, Vine snake,
Crocodiles, Grass snake, tortoises etc.

Forest types
◽Tropical wet evergreen forest.
 ◽Southern tropical moist deciduous forest.

◽Southern Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest.

◽Southern Montane Wet Temperate Forest .

◽Southern tropical thorn Forest.

◽Dry Savannah Forest.

◽Southern Bamboo Forest

Other attractions
◽Elephant camp
◽Crocodile farm
◽Monkey falls
◽Grass hills
◽Karianshola
◽Anaikunthi Shola
◽Groves Waterfalls
◽Teak forests Reservoirs and Dam
The
End