BIM
LOI ?
LOA ?
LOD ?
LOG ? Repost
LOIN ?
Find out how
we came to those.
Evolution of LOD, LOA, LOIN.
Some of those are "outdated".
It will take you about
3 min to get the core
and understand LOXs.
Key Terms
1 LOD Level od Detail (Geometry)
Since 1980s
2 LOD Level od Development
(Geometry + Info)
Since 2005
LOG Level of Geometry
LOI Level of Information
3 LOA Level od Accuracy
Since 2010s
4 LOIN Level of Information Need
2018 (ISO 19650)
2024 (ISO 7817-1)
1 LOD Level od Detail
It all started with graphical 3D modeling in 1980s.
Goal:
Optimize performance and complexity of models.
Purpose:
Geometric description of Models.
500
400
300
200
100
1 LOD Level od Detail
LOD in BIM introduced in 2005
Origin:
Defined requierements for element geometry.
Purpose:
Model geometry is used for calucaltion of
quanitities
Evolution:
AEC starts using BIM more widely,
which leads to need for standardisation
Great solution at the time, but was not that
simple:
Different Inrterpretations of LOD levels in
industry
Misalignment between wat was asked and
wat was delivered
Difficulty quantifing the actual information
content at different and each LOD lvl
1 LOD Level od Detail
Takes:
more time
more commitment
more resources
more cost
Takes:
less time
less commitment
less resources
less cost
500
400
300
100 200
1 LOD Level od Detail
Great solution at the time, but was not that simple.
Different Inrterpretations of
LOD levels in industry
Misalignment between wat was asked
and wat was delivered
Difficulty quantifing the actual information
content at different and each LOD lvl
2 LOD Level od Development
LOD 100: there is a chair
LOD 200: there is a chair that has nominal space
requirement of 450x450
LOD 300: there is a chair with arm rests and wheels
LOD 400: manufacturer and model number.
LOD 500: manufacturer and model number,
supplier, date purchased
2 LOD Level od Development
100 300 350 400
Now we combined other aspects into these LODs such as:
components
information requirements
purpose
2 LOD Level od Development
Limitations:
Too much of information into single
numerical scale. Very difficult to
precisley define and communicate the
required lvl of detail.
LOD framework lacks flexibility. Project
teams often have to choose a LOD lvl
that do not match their needs, leading
to over or under modeling
Subjective nature of LODs definition -
stakeholders interpretate the same LOD
levels differently.
3 LOA Level od Accuracy
Focus on measured or represented accuracy of objects.
Capturing Data Quality:
Focus on the precision of geometry
Quantifying Uncertanty:
Clear guidance fror acssessing accuracy
Better Decision Making:
Now you can better understand if you can prefabricate it,
or if suits your needs for execution
3 LOA Level od Accuracy
Relations 400
400
300
300
200 500
200 500
100
100
Geometry Information
400
300
200 500
100
Accuracy
When we go from 100-500,
at lvl 500 for example, we do not necesserily need
additional accuracy or geometry.
On the other hand we may want more information.
4 LOIN Level of Information Need
The Level of Information Need (LOIN)
standard is reshaping BIM.
Here's why:
Clarifies Requirements:
Specifies exact information needed at each project phase.
Ensures Coordination:
Enhances collaboration and reduces rework.
Supports Decision-Making:
Provides detailed data for informed choices.
Improves Efficiency:
Streamlines project delivery and facility management.
4 LOIN Level of Information Need
Framework Requirements
WHY?
Purpose
Why is information needed?
WHEN?
Purpose
When is the Information required
WHO?
Actor
Who requires and delivers information.
WHAT?
Object
What information is required for the goals
4 LOIN Level of Information Need
Framework Geometry
Detail Reliability*
Symbolic Preliminary
Generic Proposed
Detailed Coordinated
Fabrication As-Build
Parametric Apperance
Full Symbolic apperacne
Partial to realistic aperance
Not requested
Dimentionality Location
0D, 1D, 2D, 3D Absolute
Relative
Accuracy*
LOA 10 < 100 mm (5')
LOA 20 < 50 mm (2')
LOA 30 < 15 mm (5/8')
LOA 40 < 5 mm (1/4')
LOA 50 < 1 mm (a/16')
* not stricktly in ISO 7817-1, but always there
4 LOIN Level of Information Need
Framework
Information
Identification
Information
content
Documentation
Set of documents
4 LOIN Level of Information Need
do
cum
ent
atio ta
n da
etry
m
geo
We do not need same amount od data,
documentation and geometry at the same time.
LOIN makes sure of that we have
what we need when we need it.
Let’s learn BIM together.
Hope you guys have
an awesome day.
Repost
Thank you.
