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Picot Question: Pregnant Diabetic Patients
Ngeyi Mirable
Institutional Affiliation
10/4/20
Picot Question: Pregnant Diabetic Patients
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Pregnant women who have diabetes need better care and health interventions because ineffective diabetes control increases
complications. The three most common types of diabetes are gestational diabetes, which is seen in pregnant women who had no case
of diabetes before pregnancy, type 1 diabetes, which is characterized by low insulin levels and type 2 diabetes, which arises due to less
insulin or a problem in processing body sugar.
Nurses play a crucial role in promoting maternal health because they offer routine care such as monitoring pregnancy, dealing
with mild problems related to pregnancy, and providing information on self-care and healthy lifestyle. Generally, all pregnant women
may develop a wide range of problems during pregnancy, but patients, especially those with pre-gestational diabetes, require more
comprehensive prenatal care than those with gestational diabetes.
PICOT Question
The PICOT question in this project is, in pregnant women diagnosed with diabetes, do health education interventions affect self-
management of their condition and reduce complication risks compared to pregnant women who do not participate in inpatient health
education interventions?
Population-Pregnant women diagnosed with diabetes
Intervention-Provision of education to pregnant diabetic women concerning the management of the condition
Comparison-Pregnant women who do not participate in prenatal education
Outcome-Increase effective management of diabetes in pregnant women and reduce the risk of birth defects due to diabetes.
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Article 1 Article 2 Article 3
APA- Rönö, K., Stach-Lempinen, B., Tawfik, M. Y. (2017). The impact of Ferrara, A., Hedderson, M. M.,
Formatte Eriksson, J. G., Pöyhönen-Alho, M., health education intervention for Albright, C. L., Brown, S. D., Ehrlich,
d Article Klemetti, M. M., Roine, R. P., ... & prevention and early detection of type S. F., Caan, B. J., ... & Mevi, A. A.
Citation Meinilä, J. (2018). Prevention of 2 diabetes in women with gestational (2014). A pragmatic cluster randomized
with gestational diabetes with a diabetes. Journal of community clinical trial of diabetes prevention
Permalink prepregnancy lifestyle intervention– health, 42(3), 500-510. strategies for women with gestational
findings from a randomized https://link.springer.com/article/10.100 diabetes: design and rationale of the
controlled trial. International journal 7/s10900-016-0282-7 Gestational Diabetes' Effects on Moms
of women's health, 10, 493. (GEM) study. BMC pregnancy and
10.2147/IJWH.S162061 childbirth, 14(1), 21.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186
/1471-2393-14-21
How Does The article evaluates the The article investigates the impact of The article evaluates the effectiveness
the effectiveness of early intervention in health education interventions in the of prevention strategies in managing
Article the prevention of GDM in women prevention of gestational diabetes body weight for pregnant women with
Relate to with high risk Gestational diabetes.
the
PICOT
Question?
Quantitati The research was quantitative. The The research was a qualitative The article assesses the impact of
ve, researchers collected numerical data randomized controlled trial. interventions on gestational diabetes.
Qualitativ on oral glucose test in the
e (How do participants.
you
know?)
Purpose To assess the effectiveness of health The research aims to assess the impact The research aims to evaluate the
Statement interventions before pregnancy in of health education interventions in the effectiveness of diabetes prevention
controlling GDM. prevention of GDM strategies in women at a high risk of
being diagnosed with diabetes.
Research How do prepregnancy lifestyle What is the impact of a health belief How effective changes in lifestyle
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Question interventions reduce incidences of model (HBM) based intervention in important in preventing diabetes in
GDM? preventing Type 2 diabetes? women with GDM?
Outcome Reduction of GDM cases Prevention of Type 2 diabetes Prevention of Type 1 and 2 diabetes
Setting Finnish maternity hospitals (2008- Primary health care centers 44 medical facilities, Northern
(Where 2014) California
did the
study take
place?)
Sample Two hundred twenty-eight women 201 women Two thousand three hundred twenty
with a high risk of being diagnosed women diagnosed with GDM between
with GDM. March 2011 and March 2012.
Method In this study, the participants were Cluster randomized controlled trial A pragmatic randomized clinical trial
selected randomly and divided into involving two groups, the intervention study, including 2320 women assigned
two groups: the study and control group had access to health education either to usual routine care or
groups. The participants in the study interventions based on HBM while the interventions.
group were provided with control group received only the routine
information by trained nurses, and care.
during the visits, those in the
intervention group received specific
counseling regarding diet and
physical activity
Key The study indicated that The intervention played a significant Health educational interventions
Findings prepregnancy interventions did not role in increasing knowledge, self- significantly change primary outcomes,
of the have a significant effect on the management practices, and critical such as weight changes and secondary
Study prevention of GDM. lifestyle changes essential for outcomes such as blood pressure.
preventing Type 2 diabetes in women
with GDM.
Recomme More studies on prepregnancy More research should be done to Health promotion strategies, especially
ndations interventions in preventing and investigate the effectiveness of health through health education interventions,
of the reducing Gestational diabetes education interventions in preventing should be implemented
Researche mellitus should be done to assess diabetes.
r the effectiveness of such
interventions,
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Criteria Article 4 Article 5 Article 6
Citation Liu, J., Xie, X., & Guo, Y. (2017). Ferrara, A., Hedderson, M. M., Brown, S. Mirfeizi, M., Mehdizadeh Tourzani,
Effects D., Albright, C. L., Ehrlich, S. F., Tsai, Z., Asghari Jafarabadi, M., Moghimi
of health education intervention at A. L., ... & Gunderson, E. P. (2016). The Hanjani, S., & Hasanzad, M. (2017).
the gestation period on pregnancy comparative effectiveness of diabetes Health education in gestational
outcome of diabetes mellitus prevention strategies reduces postpartum diabetes mellitus and quality of
patients. weight retention in women with life. Journal of Midwifery and
https://www.biomedres.info/biome gestational diabetes mellitus: the Reproductive Health, 5(4), 1066-1074.
dical-research/effects-of-health- Gestational Diabetes' Effects on Moms http://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/
education-intervention-at-gestation- (GEM) cluster randomized controlled article_9256.html
period-on-pregnancy-outcome-of- trial. Diabetes Care, 39(1), 65-74.
diabetes-mellitus-patients- https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/3
8491.html 9/1/65.short
How Does The article analyzes the impact of a The article compares the effectiveness of The article evaluates the impact of
the Article health education intervention on a derived lifestyle intervention versus health education interventions on
Relate to pregnant women diagnosed with usual routine care for women with GDM quality life on women diagnosed with
the PICOT Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. in achieving a healthy weight. GDM.
Question?
Quantitativ The research is quantitative; the The research is quantitative; it utilizes The study is qualitative.
e, research uses numerical data. numerical data
Qualitative
(How do
you know?)
Purpose A quantitative study that aims to A quantitative study whose objective is to A qualitative randomized controlled
Statement compare the effectiveness of health assess a derived lifestyle intervention's trial that aims to assess the
education interventions in effectiveness in postpartum weight effectiveness of health education
promoting positive pregnancy reduction. interventions on GDM patients.
outcomes.
Research How does the implementation of How effective is a lifestyle intervention What is the impact of health education
Question health education interventions strategy in weight reduction compared to interventions in improving the quality
alongside routine nursing practice the usual routine practice? of life in patients?
affect pregnancy outcomes?
Outcome Effective management of diabetes Reduction in postpartum weight Effects of educational intervention on
in pregnant women. quality of life.
Setting The International Peace Maternity 44 medical facilities Medical facilities
and Child Health Hospital
Sample One hundred twenty patients with 2280 women One hundred forty-nine participants
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Reference
Ferrara, A., Hedderson, M. M., Albright, C. L., Brown, S. D., Ehrlich, S. F., Caan, B. J., ... & Mevi, A. A. (2014). A pragmatic cluster
randomized clinical trial of diabetes prevention strategies for women with gestational diabetes: design and rationale of the
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Gestational Diabetes' Effects on Moms (GEM) study. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 14(1), 21.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/1471-2393-14-21
Ferrara, A., Hedderson, M. M., Brown, S. D., Albright, C. L., Ehrlich, S. F., Tsai, A. L., ... & Gunderson, E. P. (2016). The
comparative effectiveness of diabetes prevention strategies reduces postpartum weight retention in women with gestational
diabetes mellitus: the Gestational Diabetes' Effects on Moms (GEM) cluster randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care, 39(1),
65-74. https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/39/1/65.short
Liu, J., Xie, X., & Guo, Y. (2017). Effects of health education intervention at the gestation period on pregnancy outcome of diabetes
mellitus patients. https://www.biomedres.info/biomedical-research/effects-of-health-education-intervention-at-gestation-
period-on-pregnancy-outcome-of-diabetes-mellitus-patients-8491.html
Mirfeizi, M., Mehdizadeh Tourzani, Z., Asghari Jafarabadi, M., Moghimi Hanjani, S., & Hasanzad, M. (2017). Health education in
gestational diabetes mellitus and quality of life. Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, 5(4), 1066-1074.
http://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_9256.html
Rönö, K., Stach-Lempinen, B., Eriksson, J. G., Pöyhönen-Alho, M., Klemetti, M. M., Roine, R. P., ... & Meinilä, J. (2018). Prevention
of gestational diabetes with a prepregnancy lifestyle intervention–findings from a randomized controlled trial. International
journal of women's health, 10, 493. 10.2147/IJWH.S162061
Tawfik, M. Y. (2017). The impact of health education intervention for prevention and early detection of type 2 diabetes in women
with gestational diabetes. Journal of community health, 42(3), 500-510. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10900-016-
0282-7
