DEMONSTRATIONOF CORIOLIS EFFECT ON BODIES IN
ROTATING FRAME OF REFERENCE
AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT:
This experiment qualitatively demonstrates the Coriolis effect. An effect that hasa significant
influence on the weather patterns of the carth. Awater stream going in radial direction appears
bent as a result of it. Direction of bending depends upon the direction of rotation and magnitude
of bend depends upon the extent of the rotational speed.
Apparatus:
Coriolis water jet setup - TM 605 Coriolis force
Experimental Setup Boom:
The boom is attached to the internal main shaft, and spins clockwise or counter
clockwise. Its speed is regulated by the speed control knob.
Reservoir: It holds the water, houses the pump assembly and has a scale to measure the
water path deflection.
Pump: The pump sits in_ide the reservoir on the outside end of the boom. The pump
assembly includes plp, nozzle pot, nozzle and hose.
Nozzle andWater Jet: The nozzle can be twisted with the nozzle bracket to ensure that
when the boom is stationary, the water jet is striking the scale centrally.
Electronic Box:Electronics box contains loft switch for the pump, a power socket for
recharging and a hole to tune the water jet distance/force.
THEORY:
The Coriolis effect is a force described by Gustave-Gaspard Coriolis in 1835. Coriolis showed
that if the ordinary Newtonian laws of motion of bodies are to be used in a rotating frame of
reference, an inertial force acting to the right of direction of body motion for counterclockwise
rotation or to the left for clockwise rotation must be included in the equations of motion.
The effect of the Coriolis force is an apparent deflection of the path of an object that
moves within a rotating coordinate system. The object does not actually deviate from its path,
but it appears to do so because of the motion of the coordinate system.
The invisible force that appears to deflect the wind is the Coriolis force. TheCoriolis
force applies to movement on rotating objects. It is determined by the mass of the object and the
objcct's ratc of rotation. The Coriolis force is perpcndicular to the object's axis. The Earth spins
on its axis from west to cast.The Coriolis force, therefore, acts in a north-south direction. The
Coriolis force is zero at the Equator. Though the Coriolis force is uscful in mathematical
equations, there is actually no physical force involved. Instead, it is just the ground moving at a
different speed than an object in the air.
Hurricanes are formed as effect of Coriolis effect.As Earth travels from West to East, air
moving from the southen hemisphere to the northern hemisphere gets pushed to the right,
causing hurricanes originating in the Northern hemisphere to spin in the counter-clockwise
direction. Similarly, the hurricanes in the Southern hemisphere spin in the clockwise direction as
the air gets pushed towards the left.
Srtner SoueriNynipiae
Figure 1: Image depicting hurricane rotating in clockwise direction in Northern Hemisphere and
counter clockwise direction in Southern Hemisphere.
The Coriolis force is important for understanding many weather phenomena, such as the
formation of storms and the deflection of winds. The centrifugal force is important for
understanding many mechanical phenomena, such as the motion of objects on a rotating
turntable.
The Coriolisdeflection is therefore related to the motion of the object, the motion of
Earth, and the latitude. For this reason, the magnitude of the effect is given by 2vo in which v is
the velocity of the object, o is the angular velocity.
PROCEDURE:
1. Remove the transport lock-screw of th¿ apparatus initially.
2. Switch on the pump. The water reservoir was filled till the lower edge of the scale.
3. It is ensured that the jet of water touches the scale in middle.
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